NIAAA COLLEGE ALCOHOL INTERVENTION MATRIX NOVEMBER 3, 2016
What is Effective Intervention?
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Despite what we see on television and read in magazines, drinking does not solve our problems it is not the key to success and happiness. For those of us who have set personal goals and who seek human dignity and happiness, it might be well worthwhile to reexamine our use of alcohol and our behavior, as well as that of those we love, to see if there is something goofy in our lives. -Preface to The Whole College Catalogue, 1976
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Despite what we see on television and read in magazines, drinking does not solve our problems it is not the key to success and happiness. For those of us who have set personal goals and who seek human dignity and happiness, it might be well worthwhile to reexamine our use of alcohol and our behavior, as well as that of those we love, to see if there is something goofy in our lives. -Preface to The Whole College Catalogue, 1976
College Alcohol Intervention Matrix Extensive review of decades of scientific literature Multi-year collaboration involving 16 leaders in college alcohol intervention research Nearly 60 interventions rated for effectiveness, costs, and other criteria Two user-friendly matrices and other resources
Individual Strategies Designed to change students knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to alcohol Goals: students drink less, take fewer risks, and experience fewer harmful consequences Categories include: education and awareness programs cognitive-behavioral skills-based approaches motivation and feedback-related approaches Not rated: screening and behavioral interventions by health professionals
Higher Effectiveness Lower Costs $ Mid Range Costs $$ Higher Costs $$$ Normative re-education: Electronic/mailed personalized normative feedback (PNF) without facilitator Skills training, alcohol focus: Self-monitoring/selfassessment alone Personalized feedback intervention (PFI): echeckup TO GO Skills training, alcohol focus: Goal/intentionsetting alone Skills training, alcohol plus general life skills: Alcohol Skills Training Program (ASTP) Brief motivational intervention (BMI): Inperson Individual (e.g., BASICS) Personalized feedback intervention (PFI): Generic/other Multi-component education-focused program (MCEFP): AlcoholEdu for College
Lower Costs $ Mid Range Costs $$ Higher Costs $$$ Normative re-education: Electronic/mailed personalized normative feedback (PNF) without facilitator Skills training, alcohol focus: Selfmonitoring/self-assessment alone Personalized feedback intervention echeckup (in STIR & SAPE website) Higher Effectiveness Skills training, alcohol focus: Goal/intention-setting alone (in CAAPS) Skills training, alcohol plus general life skills: Alcohol Skills Training Program (SAPE Outreach & Education) Brief motivational intervention: Inperson Individual (STIR) Personalized feedback intervention (PFI): without facilitator Moderate Effectiveness Skills training, alcohol focus: Expectancy challenge intervention (ECI) Experiential Skills training, alcohol plus general life skills: Parent-based alcohol communication training (Talking Points) Skills training, alcohol plus general life skills or general life skills only: Generic/other (Stress Management program, study skills workshops, etc) Brief motivational intervention (BMI): In-person Group Multi-component education-focused program (MCEFP): AlcoholEdu for College
Lower Costs $ Mid Range Costs $$ Higher Costs $$$ Normative re-education: Electronic/mailed personalized normative feedback (PNF) Event-specific prevention (21st birthday cards) Lower effectiveness Normative re-education: In-person norms clarification alone Not Effective Skills training, alcohol focus: Expectancy challenge intervention By proxy/didactic/discussion alone Skills training, alcohol plus general life skills: Alcohol 101 Plus Personalized feedback intervention (PFI): CheckYourDrinking Information/knowledge/ education alone (alcohol knowledge education without any alcohol-specific skills training) Values clarification alone Too few robust studies to rate effectiveness or mixed results Skills training, alcohol focus: Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) feedback alone Multi-component education-focused programs (MCEFP): Miscellaneous Personalized feedback intervention (PFI): College Drinker s Check-up
Environmental Strategies Designed to change the campus and community environments in which student drinking occurs. Seek to affect the behavior of the overall student population by addressing the factors that accommodate or promote underage and high-risk drinking, most often the availability of alcohol. This tool does not include multi-component environmental programs or components of those programs not used in isolation. A combination of individual- and environmental-level interventions that work together are needed to maximize positive effects.
Environmental Strategies Lower Costs $ Mid Range Costs $$ Higher Costs $$$ Higher Effectiveness Restrict happy hours/price promotions Retain ban on Sunday sales (where applicable) Retain age-21 drinking age Enforce age-21 drinking age (e.g., compliance checks) Increase alcohol tax Retain or enact restrictions on hours of alcohol sales Enact social host provision laws Moderate Effectiveness Prohibit alcohol use/sales at campus sporting events Enact dram shop liability laws: Sales to intoxicated Enact dram shop liability laws: Sales to underage Limit number/density of alcohol establishments Retain state-run alcohol retail stores (where applicable) Enact responsible beverage service training laws
Lower Costs $ Mid Range Costs $$ Higher Costs $$$ Restrict happy hours/price promotions Retain age-21 drinking age Retain or enact restrictions on hours of alcohol sales Enact social host provision laws Higher Effectiveness Enforce age-21 drinking age (e.g., compliance checks) Increase alcohol tax Moderate Effectiveness Prohibit alcohol use/sales at campus sporting events Enact dram shop liability laws: Sales to intoxicated Enact dram shop liability laws: Sales to underage Limit number/density of alcohol establishments Lower Effectiveness Establish an alcohol-free campus Conduct campus-wide social norms campaign (alone) Enact responsible beverage service training laws Restrict alcohol sponsorship and advertising Implement beverage service training programs: Sales to intoxicated Implement beverage service training programs: Sales to underage Enact keg registration laws
Too few robust studies to rate effectiveness or mixed results Prohibit alcohol use/service at campus social events Establish amnesty policies Require Friday morning classes Establish standards for alcohol service at campus events Establish substance-free residence halls Prohibit beer kegs Establish minimum age requirements to serve/sell alcohol Implement party patrols Increase cost of alcohol license Prohibit home delivery of alcohol Enact noisy assembly laws Implement bystander intervention training Require alcoholfree programming Implement saferides program Conduct shoulder tap campaigns Enact social host property laws Require unique design for state ID cards for age < 21
QUESTIONS & DISCUSSION collegedrinkingprevention.gov/collegeaim
Work Groups Overview Work on projects assigned by steering committee Leaders assigned per project Meet until completed Include experts & those with high interest Projects throughout the year Report out at steering & general meetings
Entertainment District Outreach Goal: Meet with stakeholders and establishment owners/managers to share data and explore solutions. Info to gather: Which establishments are not closing at 2am? What venues are student organizations using for social functions? Action Steps: Compile data to share related to sexual assault, last drink, and hospitalizations. Schedule meetings with stakeholders, owners, managers, etc. Identify managers/owners who would be interested in working with the Coalition to identify solutions.
Establishment Staff Training Goal: Explore possibility of training for staff who serve alcohol in addition to or in conjunction with the PREP workshops from LRADAC Info to gather: What evidence-based curricula is available to use or purchase? What are other communities doing? How can we incentivize or coordinate this type of training? Action Steps: Learn about current PREP program from LRADAC Identify additional needs not being met by current workshop Develop curriculum for training/workshop
Laws & Enforcement Goal: Support and publicize law enforcement efforts, educate coalition on laws and ordinances related to alcohol licenses, drink specials, etc Info to gather: What are the laws related to hours, drink specials, private clubs, etc? What data can we gather from neighborhood incident reports and AET Party patrol data? Action Steps: Meet with SLED, CPD, DOR to gather information Identify establishments not closing at 2am Compile helpful information for SLED, CPD, DOR, etc Monitor how the city ordinances are being implemented, challenges, successes, etc
Research Questions For those interested in researching and possible future meeting discussions How are other communities responding to high risk drinking by college students? How are they implementing the environmental best practices? How does residency (in-state v. out of state) impact hospitalizations, drinking rates, citations? How is our students behavior similar to and different from other SEC schools, our peer & aspirant institutions?
Questions & Answers Janie Kerzan, Coalition Chair janie@sc.edu Aimee Hourigan, Coalition Coordinator ahouriga@mailbox.sc.edu