Takingaction, educating people and transforming lives worldwide COPD elearning Diploma (Level 5) Module 2012
CONTENTS PAGE UNIT 1: WRITING FOR SUCCESS Writing for Success 2 UNIT 2: INTRODUCTION TO COPD 2.1 The Forgotten Condition 6 2.2 Defining COPD 6 2.3 The Clinical Features of COPD 8 2.4 Prevalence 9 2.5 The Impact of COPD 10 2.6 Late Presentation, Variable Prognosis And Mortality 11 2.7 Prevention And Screening 12 2.8 The Role Of The Health Professional 13 2.9 The Clinical Picture 14 2.10 Summary 15 UNIT 3: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 3.1 Introduction 16 3.2 Asthma 16 3.3 Smoking 20 3.4 Mucus Production And Chronic Bronchitis 21 3.5 Emphysema 25 3.6 Disease Progression 28 3.7 Respiratory Failure 31 3.8 Cor Pulmonale 32 3.9 End Stage Lung Disease 33 3.10 Differential Diagnoses Co-morbidities 33 3.11 Summary 36 UNIT 4: ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSIS 4.1 Introduction 37 4.2 Taking A History 37 4.3 Other Issues To Consider Within The History 43 4.4 Pulmonary Function Testing 45 4.5 Reversibility In COPD 52 4.6 Assessing The Impact Of COPD 54 4.7 Summary 59 UNIT 5: PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF STABLE COPD 5.1 Asthma With COPD 61 5.2 Ensuring Maximum Bronchodilation 62 5.3 Drug Treatment Strategy 64 5.4 Beta2 Agonist Bronchodilators 65 5.5 Anticholinergic Bronchodilators 67 5.6 Combination Bronchodilators 68 5.7 Oral Theophylline 69 5.8 Corticosteroid Therapy In COPD 70 5.9 Long Acting Beta2 Agonists And Inhaled Steroids (Combined) 72 5.10 Mucolytics 73 5.11 Inhaler Devices 74 5.12 High Dose Bronchodilator Therapy 74 5.13 Nebulisers 75 5.14 Oxygen Therapy 76 5.15 Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) 80 5.16 Flu And Pneumococcal Vaccination 83 5.17 End Stage Disease 84 5.18 Summary 85 UNIT 6: NON PHARMALOGICAL TREATMENT OF STABLE COPD 6.1 Introduction 86 6.2 Smoking 86 6.3 Pulmonary Rehabilitation 90 6.4 Nutrition 102 6.5 Continuous Positive Airway Pressure 104 6.6 Surgical Techniques 104 6.7 Summary 105 UNIT 7: EXACERBATIONS ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT 7.1 Definition And Clauses 106 7.2 Symptoms And Assessment 110 7.3 Drug Treatment 112 7.4 Respiratory Failure And Ventilation 115 7.5 Summary 119 UNIT 8: LIVING WITH COPD 8.1 Introduction 120 8.2 Self Management Of COPD 120 8.3 Understanding And Influencing Behaviour Change 121 8.4 Understanding Patients Beliefs And Attitudes 122 8.5 Care Planning 122 8.6 Health Models 123 8.7 Communication 124 8.8 Difficult To Manage Situations 125 8.9 Summary 127 UNIT 9: END OF LIFE AND PALLIATIVE CARE 9.1 Palliative Care 128 9.2 What Is Palliative Care And End Of Life Care 128 9.3 How Do COPD Patients Die? 130 9.4 Estimating A Patient s Prognosis 130 9.5 Why Is Support Inadequate 131 9.6 Team Approach To Palliative And End Of Life Care 132 9.7 Care Pathway For The Palliative Care And Last Days Of Life 133 9.8 Supporting Patients And Their Carers 134 9.9 Symptom Control In End Stage COPD 135 9.10 Psychosocial And Practical Care In End Stage Disease 137 9.11 Summary 140 UNIT 10: ORGANISATION OF CARE FOR COPD 10.1 Organisation of Care 141 10.2 Service Delivery 144 10.3 Partnership Working 145 10.4 Self-Assessment 146 10.5 Summary 147 ASSESSMENT AND SUPPORT INFORMATION Assessment 148 Study Days 149
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INTRODUCTION This booklet has been designed to provide you with supporting materials that can be used alongside your elearning course. It is a collection of the printable sections of your elearning, all brought together for your convenience. Everything included within this booklet can be found in your elearning course material, but we understand that some students prefer to also have paper-based versions for reference or annotation, and this booklet has been designed with you in mind. In order to get the most from this course, it is important that you make use of the multimedia experience that elearning provides, and within this booklet you will find references to the online course reminding you to complete the assessment sections. When you see this symbol you will need to return to the online course and complete the relevant exercises. Your elearning is part of a dynamic website and the information on it has been tailored specifically to you, so remember to keep checking back for announcements, assessment information and deadlines, as not all of this will be covered within this booklet. Please also remember that whilst your elearning materials will always be up to date this booklet is current at the time of going to print. We wish you the best and remember if you have any queries regarding the course, please do not hesitate to get in touch with one of our Education Co-ordinators on 01926 493313. 1
YOUR ASSIGNMENT While studying this module you will need to produce a written assignment or essay as part of your assessment. If you are worried about writing essays, don t be. The rules are quite clear and there is plenty of support available. The most important thing is not to struggle alone but to ask for help when you need it. This unit provides some simple tips and advice for producing academic essays and the opportunity to practice some of the key skills involved in writing effectively for diploma level. It draws on the information contained in the student guide and you will find it useful to refer to this whilst completing this unit and when writing your assignments. Included in your learning materials in the section on assessment you will find a guide to the overall criteria by which your mark will be assessed and a copy of the marking grid which shows you how marks are allocated for any of your written work that you hand in for assessment. This grid is designed to enable markers to give a mark which accurately reflects the quality of your academic writing. It is important to refer to this grid when writing your assignments and the exercises included in this unit are designed to help you understand what is needed in relation to the different elements in the grid. WRITING FOR SUCCESS For this section of the course you will need to be logged onto the portal and work through each unit. 1.LEARNING OUTCOMES Studying the information in the student guide and completing this unit will enable you to: Structure your ideas in a logical manner Identify what is required for a clear introductory paragraph Identify what is required to formulate a clear conclusion Understand the reasons for using references Identify circumstances that may lead to plagiarism Cite references clearly and accurately in the body of your essay and in a reference list at the end Recognise an appropriate style for academic writing Demonstrate the difference between descriptive writing and analytical writing Recognise the factors that markers are looking for when awarding marks These are: Organisation and presentation Knowledge and comprehension Application and reflection Analysis and synthesis Evaluation and conclusion 2