Subject Index Actinic keratosis disseminated disease 42 surgical excision 42 AIDS, see Kaposi s sarcoma Amifostine, skin reaction prophylaxis 111 Basal cell carcinoma, superficial X-ray therapy Bowen s disease, 43 Captopril, skin reaction prophylaxis 115 Computed tomography, see Positron emission tomography/computed tomography Cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma histology 31 prognosis 31, 32 Cutaneous B cell lymphoma (CBCL) anatomic location and prognosis 1 classification 32, 34, 35 epidemiology 1 evaluation 2 primary cutaneous diffuse large B cell lymphoma, leg type 34, 35 primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma 32 primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma 34 response 2 5, 47 Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL), see also Cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma; Lymphomatoid papulosis; Mycosis fungoides; Sézary syndrome classification 16, 25, 26, 28, 30, 31, 32 molecular diagnostics lymph node involvement 19 22 polymerase chain reaction 19 sensitivity 19 Southern blot 18, 10 T cell receptor rearrangements 16 19 47 Dry desquamation, see Skin reactions, Epidermal reaction, see Skin reactions, Epitheliolysis, see Skin reactions, Erythema, see Skin reactions, Fibrosis, see Skin reactions, Granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factor (GM-CSF), tumor peptide vaccine adjuvant 175, 176 182
HIV, see Kaposi s sarcoma Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) clinical presentation 50 epidemiology 59, 61 highly active antiretroviral therapy effects 50, 65 histology 61, 63 history of study 59 pathogenesis HIV viremia 64 human herpesvirus-8 61, 63, 64 AIDS-associated lesions 48 dosage 52, 53 indications 51 non-aids-associated lesions 47 outcomes 53 56 side effects 53, 56 technique 51, 52 treatment approaches 50, 51, 65 variants 59, 61 Keratoacanthoma, 44, 45 Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), melanoma serological tumor marker 121 Lentigo maligna (LM), 43, 44 Lentigo maligna melanoma radiosensitivity 46 45, 46 surgery 129, 130 Lymph node biopsy cutaneous T cell lymphoma molecular diagnostics 19 22 melanoma sentinel lymph node biopsy clinical value 127, 128 lymph node dissection indications 135 Lymphomatoid papulosis clinical features 30 epidemiology 28 types 30 MAGE-3, tumor vaccine 172, 174 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), melanoma 157 Malignant melanoma chemotherapy 146 classification, AJCC staging system critical evaluation 155 M category 154, 155 N category clinical versus histopathological staging 154 overview 152, 153 satellite and in-transit metastases 153, 154 ulceration 154 T category tumor thickness 151, 152 ulceration 152 epidemiology 120, 149 follow-up schedule 155, 156 imaging magnetic resonance imaging 157 positron emission tomography fluorodeoxyglucose imaging 160, 161 image correction 160 lymph node involvement 162, 163 overview 159, 160 patient management changes 165, 166 primary tumor staging 162 recommendations 168 staging and restaging 163 165 tracer radionuclides 159 positron emission tomography/ computed tomography advantages 161, 162 overview 157, 166 168 immune response 171 markers polymerase chain reaction 121 124 serological tumor markers 120, 121 peptide vaccines adjuvants 175 177 clinical trials metastatic melanoma 172 resected melanoma 174, 175 prospects 177, 178 T cell assays 171, 172, 176 T cell responses and tumor regression 173, 174 Subject Index 183
Malignant melanoma (continued) prognosis 149 brain metastases 144 146 cutaneous malignant melanoma adjuvant 142 144 definitive management 142 dosage and fractionation 141, 142 radiosensitivity 140, 141 screening 149, 150 staging 120 surgery biopsy of suspicious lesions 128 draining lymph node basins in primary melanoma 133 135 invasive melanoma 130 133 lentigo maligna melanoma 129, 130 local tumor progression 135, 136 lymph node metastasis 136 melanoma in situ 129, 130 sentinel lymph node biopsy clinical value 127, 128 lymph node dissection indications 135 stage IV disease 136 Mass spectrometry, melanoma serological tumor markers 121 Melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA), melanoma serological tumor marker 120, 121 Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) clinical presentation 68, 77, 78, 87 diagnostic strategy 89 differential diagnosis 68 epidemiology 68, 76 78 histology 68 70, 75, 76, 88, 89 history of study 75 immunohistochemistry 88, 89 paraneoplastic syndromes 71 pathogenesis 71 prognosis 80, 84, 87 staging 71, 79, 80 treatment chemotherapy 83, 84, 92 prospects 72 doses 91 indications 90 outcomes 91, 92 overview 46, 71, 81 83 sequelae 92 technique 90, 91 surgery 80, 81, 89, 90 types 68 Mycosis fungoides adjuvant therapy 11 clinical features 26, 28 diagnosis 28 epidemiology 1, 26 immunohistology 28 prognosis 28 response 5 8, 10 13 staging 12 total skin electron beam therapy 7, 8, 10 13 Necrosis, see Skin reactions, Paget s disease, 46 Pentoxifylline, skin reaction prophylaxis 115 Pigmentation, see Skin reactions, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cutaneous T cell lymphoma diagnosis 19 melanoma markers 121 124 Positron emission tomography (PET) fluorodeoxyglucose imaging 160, 161 image correction 160 melanoma studies lymph node involvement 162, 163 patient management changes 165, 166 primary tumor staging 162 recommendations 168 staging and restaging 163 165 overview 159, 160 tracer radionuclides 159 Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) advantages 161, 162 melanoma studies 157, 166 168 Queyrat s erythroplasia, see Bowen s disease, Subject Index 184
Radiation tolerance, skin 99 Radiobiology, skin 99, 100 Radiosensitivity malignant melanoma 140, 141 skin tumors 39, 40 S-100B, melanoma serological tumor marker 121 Sézary syndrome clinical features 28 diagnosis 28 prognosis 28 Skin reactions, acute reactions 106, 107, 110 anatomy 103, 104 chronic reactions 107, 112 clinical presentation consequential late effects 98 course 105, 106 dose dependence 106 dry desquamation 97, 98 epidermal reaction 97 times to clinical manifestation 98, 99 functional skin unit 105 management acute reactions dry epitheliolysis 116 erythema 116 moist epitheliolysis 116, 117 necrosis and ulceration 117 best clinical practice 102 chronic reactions 117, 118 documentation acute effects 109 chronic effects 109, 111 modulation fractionation 108 treatment volume 108, 109 prophylaxis acute skin reactions 114 amifostine 111 captopril 115 comparative clinical studies 113 mechanical protection 111, 113, 115 patient positioning 115 pentoxifylline 115 prospects 115 pathophysiology 96 98, 104, 105 radiation tolerance 99 radiobiology 99, 100 wound healing impairment 99 Southern blot, cutaneous T cell lymphoma diagnosis 18, 10 Squamous cell carcinoma, superficial X-ray therapy Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), malignant melanoma brain metastases 144, 145 Superficial X-ray therapy Paget s disease 46 Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), melanoma serological tumor marker 121 T cell receptor, rearrangements and cutaneous T cell lymphoma diagnosis 16 19 Telangiectasia, see Skin reactions, Total skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT) dosing guidelines 7, 8 historical perspective 7, 8 mycosis fungoides 7, 8, 10 13 toxicity 10 Tumor vaccine, see Malignant melanoma Whole-brain (WBRT), malignant melanoma metastases 144 146 Wound healing, radiation impairment 99 Subject Index 185