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Tenants based in psychoanalysis that we are often unaware of whatdrives our behaviors, don t know what motives etcare. The problem, however, is that this information is hidden even from the individual. Even if he or she wants to access it, there are defenses in the way that seem to function beyond the conscious will of the person The basic idea is to provide neutral and non-threatening stimuli to a patient and then ask them to interpret ambiguous pictures, fill in the blanks, make associations, or tell stories. If the theory of projection is true, then the clients will project their own unconscious impulses onto the non-threatening stimuli, allowing the assessor to interpret and move the patient toward increased insight. 6
All instructionsemphasize there is no right and wrong. Can help them in the beginning, provide guidance 7
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Rorschach;Thematic Apperception Test (TAT); Rotter Incomplete Sentences 12
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Children s drawings thought to reflectinner worlds, depicting various feelings and relating information concerning psychological status and interpersonal style Memory-what kids recall about the object, person, animal, etcthey are asked to draw. Drawing from memory not always easy Imagination includes make believe stories, for some kids this is easier, others may struggle. Especially those with abuse histories or developmental issues Life-drawing objects by looking at them in real life/ in front of them 14
Materials-should have good quality materials. What does it communication/trigger if don t work efficiently, break, etc Environment of where you are drawing -is it child friendly and/or child comfortable Therapeutic relationship has significant effect on what child draws or feels free to express. May be some cultural factors to that-seeing therapist as authority figure, rule maker, or advisor rather than someone who helps them openly express and share their thoughts and feelings. Familiarity with the therapist matters. Unconditional acceptance is key Girl asked three times throughout hour interivew. 2-spontaneously asked if tree could be flower, more self-initiative and assertive 3. more open and easy-more talkative, volunteering sun is out and it s warm and ther slots of flowers. 15
Example of the impact of rapport on drawings. Small child was asked 3 times throughout an hour intake session to draw HTP. Details and descriptions becamemore elaborate and open as the rapport progressed. 16
Stages fairly correspond to Piaget theory of cognitive development Scribbling= sensorimotor Preschematicand early schemata= preoperational Visual schema and realistic drawing = concrete operational Period of decision= formal operations 17
It can be difficult for an adult to see a child s drawing with anything but own adult eyes Drawings provide potential to tell stories, convey metaphors, present world views, both through what ispresent in the image itself and through the child s responses to images Kids don t always have adult or appropriate abilities to articulate their emotions, perceptions or beliefs verbally. 18
Presenceis important factor, when a child draws in presence of therapist on regular basis, healing potential is activated, conflicts expressed and resolved, and therapist can gain clearer and more accurate view of the conscious at work Maintain safe space and important healing factor of positive interpersonal relationship 19
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Don t ask why questions-why did you draw that, etc. thatcan seem confrontational, unaccepting, critical Utilize descriptions(i see that there s a person looking out of the window, Isee a large yellow circle with blue dots.) Children will usually respond with additional information especially if adult missed some aspect that is important to them Wonder-I wonder what the person is thinking when they look out the window? Wonder what xx is doing? 21
When asking about inanimate objects- may be confused. Explain by saying that pretend house, car, etc has feelings. Can also ask how color/shape/line feel Therapist can pretend to be voice of one of figures and child the other. Focus on third-person approach rather than direct confrontation. Allows for distance/ safety in story telling 22
Helping yourself think about and understand drawings No one correct way orspecific set of questions to do it What seems unusual, emphasized, or important in the drawing? 23
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Utilized because of familiarity in even very young children 25
Family dynamics through content, placement, size of figures, process Understanding not only how children feel about themselves but how they perceive themselves in relationto people who are significant in their lives and how they view systems, hierarchies, and boundaries within the family 26
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Transference might just reflect their views of adultsin general, etc. 30
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Attitudes are kept in mind while assessing personalities from resulting sentences: Attitude towards: family; social; emotional; sexual; character traits 41
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