Chapter 12 Prosthodontics Golbarg Kolahi 1
Prosthesis [prahs-thee-sis] A replacement for a missing body part Golbarg Kolahi 2
Prosthesis In the dental field, it is a fixed or removable appliance replacing removed or non-erupted tooth or teeth. Golbarg Kolahi 3
Fixed Appliance Eg. cemented crown Placed in the mouth not intended for removal. Golbarg Kolahi 4
Removable appliance Placed in and out of the mouth at the patient s will. Golbarg Kolahi 5
Implantology The science of dental implants, involves the use of both fixed and removable appliances. Golbarg Kolahi 6
Types and characteristics of prosthodontic materials Golbarg Kolahi 7
Noble metals Valuable alloys. Eg. Gold, palladium, platinum Golbarg Kolahi 8
Base metals Chromium cobalt or chromium nickel used alone or in a mixture with noble alloys. Golbarg Kolahi 9
Porcelain (PFM) Hard translucent ceramic substance fused to the surface of a metal crown as shells and veneer covers to give the appearance of a natural tooth surface. Golbarg Kolahi 10
Composite Resin metal used for tooth colored replacement. Golbarg Kolahi 11
Acrylic Synthetic resin material used for covering of metal frameworks or as natural tissue replacement. Golbarg Kolahi 12
Characteristics of prosthodontic materials Golbarg Kolahi 13
Hardness Ability of a material to withstand penetration. Golbarg Kolahi 14
Tensil strength Capability of a material to be stretched. Golbarg Kolahi 15
Elasticity Ability of a material to be stretched and the resume its original shape. Golbarg Kolahi 16
Ductility Ability of a material to be drawn or hammered out as into a fine wire without breaking. Golbarg Kolahi 17
Elongation Ability of a material to stretch before permanent deformation begins. Golbarg Kolahi 18
Fixed prosthodontics Various appliances from singular crown to a full arched bridge. Golbarg Kolahi 19
Inlay A solid castered or milled restoration involving some occlusal and proximal surfaces cemented into a tooth preparation Golbarg Kolahi 20
Onlay A solid casted or milled restoration covering some occlusal tooth cusps and side wall area that is cemented onto the prepared site. Golbarg Kolahi 21
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Crown Tooth-shaped cover replacement for a missing crown area cemented onto the remaining prepared crown surfaces Golbarg Kolahi 23
Full crown Cast metal, tooth shaped cover replacing the entire crown area. During treatment acrylic resin crowns could be used as a temporary crown cover. Golbarg Kolahi 24
Dowel crown Full crown cover with dowel pin extending into the root canal of a pulpless tooth, usually positioned on anterior teeth. Golbarg Kolahi 25
Veneer Direct veneer Indirect veneer Golbarg Kolahi 26
Direct veneer Placed and cured directly on the tooth surface Golbarg Kolahi 27
Indirect veneer Tooth material is prepared in the lab and later cemented onto the tooth structure. Golbarg Kolahi 28
Bridge A prosthesis used to replace one or more teeth of fixed or removable nature. Golbarg Kolahi 29
Fixed bridge Cemented into the oral cavity and not removed by the patient Golbarg Kolahi 30
Maryland bridge (Resin-bonded bridge) Replaces anterior or posterior tooth cemented directly to the adjacent or abutting teeth. Golbarg Kolahi 31
Cantilever bridge Bridge with one unsupported end, usually saddled. Golbarg Kolahi 32
Bridge A bridge has three structural parts: Pontic Abutment -Adjacent teeth Golbarg Kolahi 33
Pontic Artificial tooth part of the bridge replacing the missing tooth and restoring function to the bite. Golbarg Kolahi 34
Abutment Natural tooth or teeth prepared to hold or support the remaining part of the bridgework in position. Golbarg Kolahi 35
Adjacent teeth May be included in units if they are involved in the bridge area. Golbarg Kolahi 36
Removable dental Prosthesis Prostheses that could be taken in and out at patient s will. Golbarg Kolahi 37
Complete denture Removable appliance composed of artificial teeth replacing the entire dentition of either jaws. Golbarg Kolahi 38
Partial denture A framework of artificial teeth replacing one or more teeth in an arch. Golbarg Kolahi 39
Immediate denture Placed into the mouth at the time the natural teeth are surgically removed. Golbarg Kolahi 40
Overdenture Prepared to fit upon implant posts or prepared retained roots. Golbarg Kolahi 41
Structural components of dental appliances Golbarg Kolahi 42
Framework Metal skeleton onto which a removable prosthesis is constructed. Golbarg Kolahi 43
Saddle Part of the structure used for balancing the prosthesis as a base for placement of artificial teeth. Golbarg Kolahi 44
Rests Small extensions of removable prosthesis made to sit atop the adjoining teeth. Golbarg Kolahi 45
Clasp Extensions of partial framework that grasp the adjoining teeth to provide support and retention of the prosthesis. Golbarg Kolahi 46
Denture base Acrylic part of the denture prosthesis substituting for the gingival tissue. Golbarg Kolahi 47
Flange Projecting rim or lower edge of the prosthesis. Golbarg Kolahi 48
Post dam Posterior edge of the maxillary denture that helps maintain the denture and suction. Golbarg Kolahi 49
Impression material Golbarg Kolahi 50
Elastomeric Impression material must be elastomeric (having rubber like properties)to be pliable during the impression process. Golbarg Kolahi 51
Elastic impression items Golbarg Kolahi 52
Hydrocolloids Reversible Irriversible Golbarg Kolahi 53
Reversible hydrocolloid Can change from a solid or gel state to a liquid form and back again depending on the temperature changes. Golbarg Kolahi 54
Irreversible hydrocolloid Once chemically set cannot be reversed or used again. Eg.Alginate Golbarg Kolahi 55
Imbibition Swelling from absorption of water and fluid loss causes shrinkage. Golbarg Kolahi 56
Rubber bases Impression material exhibiting rubberish characteristics often in a twin cartridge(base and accelerator/activator ) and mixed into a homogeneous mass. Golbarg Kolahi 57
Compound A thermoplastic impression material supplied in blocks and is heated to a soft pliable mass placed in the impression tray, then put into the mouth. Golbarg Kolahi 58
Impression tray A transport device for the impression material to be inserted into the patient s oral cavity for taking impression of one or more teeth or an entire edentulous arch. Golbarg Kolahi 59
Try-in adjustment Golbarg Kolahi 60
Seating Placement and fitting of prosthesis for trying-in and final cementation. Golbarg Kolahi 61
Condylar inclination Bite relationship and TMJ involvement. Golbarg Kolahi 62
Movements involve the condyle Golbarg Kolahi 63
Centric Occuring when condyle rests in the temporal bone during biting, resting and mouth movements. Golbarg Kolahi 64
Protrusion Measurement with the mandible thrust forward with the lower jaw out. Golbarg Kolahi 65
Retrusion Measurement with the mandible drawn backward. Golbarg Kolahi 66
Lateral excursion Measurement with side-to-side movement of the mandible. Golbarg Kolahi 67
Use of implants in prosthodontics There are different types of implants and each is used in a specific area, depending on the available bone. Golbarg Kolahi 68
Root form implant-endosseous Screw type device that is screwed or cemented into the mandibular bone. Golbarg Kolahi 69
Plate form implant Flat plate style used for the narrow jaw one. Golbarg Kolahi 70
Subperiosteal Placed under the peridontium and stabilized on the mandibular bone. Golbarg Kolahi 71
Transosteal Larger plate stabilized on the lower border of the mandibular bone with posts extending through the gingiva. Golbarg Kolahi 72
Osseointegration Implant appliances must bond with the bone tissue to obtain stability which is called Osseointegration. Golbarg Kolahi 73