Section B Tracking Tobacco-Related Death and Disease Points for Tobacco Surveillance 2 1
Tracking Smoking-Attributable Disease Source: adapted by CTLT from Lopez et al. (1994). 3 Lung Cancer Mortality: Australia 4 2
Male Lung Cancer Incidence Rate per 100,000 Lung, Males: Age-Standardized Incidence Rate per 100,000 Image source: adapted by CTLT from GLOBOCAN. (2002). IARC. 5 Global Distribution of Mortality Source: adapted by CTLT from Ezzati et al. (2004). 6 3
Burden of Disease Due to Leading Risk Factors Source: adapted by CTLT from Ezzati et al. (2002). Lancet, 360, 1347 1360. 7 Tracking Tobacco-Related Disease Two approaches Track trends in sentinel diseases (i.e., lung cancer, chronic lung disease) Use estimates of attributable risk to calculate avoidable mortality due to tobacco use 8 4
Points for Tobacco Surveillance 9 Tracking the Tobacco Industry Economic activity Lobbying/influence Corporate social responsibility Marketing and promotion strategies Brand stretching Youth prevention programs Statements about health 10 5
Tobacco Control Surveillance: Benjamin Apelberg, PhD, MHS Campaign Donations http://www.tobaccofreekids.org Image source: Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids. (2007). 11 A New Marketing Strategy Image source: Institute for Global Tobacco Control. 12 6
A New Marketing Strategy 13 Exposure to Tobacco Ads: Senegal Source: adapted by CTLT from Tobacco marketing and use survey of high school students, Lycée Lamine Guèye, Senegal. (1998). 14 7
Tobacco Industry Targeting of Young People: Senegal Source: adapted by CTLT from Tobacco marketing and use survey of high school students, Lycée Lamine Guèye, Senegal. (1998). 15 Points for Tobacco Surveillance 16 8
Tobacco Control Environment Policy environment Smoke-free laws and regulations Taxation Advertising restrictions Warning labels Youth restrictions Vending machines Political will Economic dependence Social acceptability Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs 17 Tracking Policy Environment Posting of signs in health facilities Signs with warnings of fines or penalty: 0.84% in Cambodia, and none in Vietnam 18 9
Tracking Policy Environment 19 Monitoring the FCTC The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) WHO Global Tobacco Report Conference of Parties (COP) Report Framework Convention Alliance (FCA) Monitor Country reports 20 10
Tracking Smoking Attitudes: Australia Source: adapted by CTLT from Borland et al. (1999). 21 Smoking s Changing Role in Popular Culture Smoking prevalence among major adult movie characters Time trend for smoking prevalence among major adult movie characters (n = 4,893) compared with that in the U.S. adult population Source: adapted by CTLT from Worth, K. A., et al. (2006). 22 11
Summary Many possible points for tobacco control surveillance Methods include direct observation, surveys, and biomonitoring Use data to identify magnitude of the problem, motivate policy, and track impact of public health actions 23 Cigarette Consumption in the U.S. (1900 2000) Source: adapted by CTLT from the U.S. Surgeon General s Report. (2000). 24 12