Responding to the Complex Characteristics of Stigma Presented by: Tim Vincent Duran Rutledge STIGMA CAPTC California Prevention Training Center
Welcome 1. Why did you chose this session? 2.Why is stigma still an issue in 2016? 2
Presentation Objectives By the end of this presentation attendees will be able: 1. Recognize how stigma can impact clients access to services. 2. Describe the different levels and layers of stigma 3. Identify strategies to address stigma in their work. 3
One Word or Phase That Defines or Describes Stigma 7
Stigma is an attribute that links a person to an undesirable stereo-type, leading other people to reduce the bearer from a whole and usual person to a tainted, discounted one. Erving Goffman Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity 8
Stigma plays a key role in producing and reproducing relations of power and control. R. Parker and P. Aggleton 9
Stigma 1. Where does stigma come from? 2. Why do we stigmatize others? 3. How do we participate in keeping it going? 10
Stigma Can Happen Due To: Identity - Who you are Behavior What you have done Perception Something that may not be accurate or current 11
Layered Stigma Identity, Behavior, Perception Race/Ethnicity Sexual Orientation Gender Identity Age Drug Use Experience, Circumstance, Belief Immigrant Status Economic Status Mental Health Status Incarceration Religion Disease (HIV) 12
Stigma Internalized Characteristics Impact on the Individual Self stigma, the person turns harmful judgments on themselves (as with shame and guilt) Anticipated (Felt) Is the perceived fear & expectation of mistreatment & discrimination. Structural Enacted Occurs externally, and is the result of actual judgment, mistreatment, and discrimination of the stigmatized person by others. Refers to laws, policies or regulations that have a discriminatory or stigmatizing effect. 14
Characteristics: Enacted Stigma Courtesy Stigma Provider Stigma Refers to the public disapproval evoked as a consequence of associating with a stigmatized individual or group. Providertendencies to discriminate and stigmatize clients based on values and beliefs of provider. 15
HIV Stigma Definition Unfavorable attitudes and beliefs directed toward people living with HIV, their family, friends, social groups and communities. 16
Disease Stigma Stigma is intensified if someone has a disease or condition which is: Life-threatening Contagious Associated with behavior Associated with moral fault Visible HIV 17
Implications Related to HIV HIV A Access R Retention VS Viral Suppression 21
CLASSISM SHAME Stigma & the Care Continuum Racism Poverty HOMOPHOBIA conventionalism STIGMA violence MISOGYNY marginalization HOMELESSNESS Diagnosed Linked to care Overall: Of all Americans with HIV, only 25% are virally suppressed. Retained ART VR 86% 80% 40% 37% 30% 22
Responding to HIV Related Stigma 29
Addressing the Characteristics at Multiple Levels Structural Anticipated Client Enacted Internalized 30
Levels of Intervention Needed Policy Community Organizational Provider Client Individual (client) www.preventioninstitute.org 31
What are Your Ideas? 1. How would you support or plan a response to stigma in order to respond to the current disparities in your communities? 2. What level is most important to address? 33
I have learned, stigma has many faces. Sometimes I have to consider a new perspective to see how I may be stigmatizing someone. The training allowed me to widen my scope regarding different types and levels of stigma that is commonly associated with HIV. I plan to incorporate the skills I learned with being more aware of my clients feelings, and empower them with information and resources. 35
Contact Information Tim Vincent & Duran Rutledge California Prevention Training Center 300 Frank H. Ogawa Plaza, Suite #520 Oakland, Ca. 94612 (510) 625-6000 www.californiaptc.com www.facebook.com/californiaptc @CaliPTC