NAME: TEST 1 ANATOMY IN SPORT SCIENCE: SEMESTER 1, 2017 TOTAL MARKS = 58 Total: / 58 marks Percentage: Grade: TERMINOLOGY: The structures that connect bone to bone are called: The ankle joint is to the hip joint. The movement type that describes when a joint angle increases is: Taking your leg out to the side is an example of what movement type? The pectoralis major is to the latissimus dorsi. Lifting your toes up towards your tibia would be an example of what movement around the ankle joint? The shoulder is an example of what type of joint? Rotating your hand to face down would be what movement? The main muscle responsible for extension of the lower leg? Two muscle groups that would flex the hip? and Hanging stationary from a bar would be what type of contraction of the upper back muscles? Lowering the bar in a bicep curl would be an example of an muscle. The top section of the vertebral column is called the: muscle contraction of the spine. Total marks: 15 marks MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (CIRCLE THE CORRECT RESPONSE): 1. When a muscle contracts it becomes: A/ shorter. B/ longer. C/ it stays the same length D/ all of the above. 2. If your cartilage were to completely wear out in your knee, then: A/ there would be more shock on landing due to less cushioning B/ your knee would flex and extend more due to less support C/ you would likely tear your quadriceps muscle as there is less holding it to the bone D/ all of the above
3. The muscle responsible for shrugging the shoulders is the: A/ trapezius. B/ rhomboids. C/ latissimus dorsi. D/ pectoralis major. 4. The Achilles tendon attaches which muscles to bone? A/ Gastrocnemius and Soleus B/ Gastrocnemius and Anterior Tibialis C/ Hamstrings and Soleus D/ Quadriceps and Hamstrings 5. The anterior cruciate ligament is within the knee joint. The main purpose of this ligament would be: A/ To provide cushioning between the femur and tibia B/ To minimise any rotational movement between the femur and tibia C/ To help lubricate the knee joint to allow smooth movement D/ To help the quadriceps provide more force during flexion of the knee 6. As the runner s foot (back leg) leaves the ground (picture to right), the knee begins to bend as the heel lifts towards the gluteals. During this phase of the leg movement: A/ The hamstrings contract isometrically, and the quadriceps concentrically B/ The hamstrings contract eccentrically, and the quadriceps concentrically C/ The hamstrings contract concentrically, and the quadriceps isometrically C/ The hamstrings contract concentrically, and the quadriceps eccentrically Total marks: 6 marks
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS Question 1: The diagram to the right shows Usain Bolt performing a sprint start in his 100m event. The following questions refer to the back leg as it pushes off the starting block. A. What is the agonist muscle during knee extension? B. What is the antagonist muscle? C. What joint action is occurring at the ankle? D. What two muscles would be agonists for extending the hip? E. What type of muscular contraction would these 2 muscles have? Total marks: 6 marks Question 2: A. Briefly explain 2 functions of the skeletal system? B. Name 4 bones that are part of the knee joint? C. Name 4 bones that protect vital organs of the body. D. Fill in the following table: Type of muscle or bone Smooth muscle Irregular bone Example Hamstrings Heart Ilium Tarsal (3 marks) Total marks: 9 marks
Question 3: The following questions relate to someone performing a vertical jump for maximal height (see diagram to the right). The questions below relate to the jump between position A and B (only the upward phase). Ankle: Knee: (a) What are the joint actions of the following joints: Hip: (3marks) (b) What are the following contraction types of the below muscles: Gluteus maximus: Gastrocnemius: (2marks) (c) Which muscle group would be the antagonist to the: Quadriceps: Gastrocnemius: (2marks) (d) As the person jumps, they arch their lower back. This part of the spine called: (1) (e) What type of joints are: a. Knee joint? (1) b. Ankle joint? (1) Total marks: 10 marks
Question 4 (12 marks): Label the following diagrams, with the correct terminology, next to each arrow (1/2 mark for each correct answer).