Hawler Medical University College of Pharmacy Dept. of Pharmacognosy Course Book Pharmacognosy and, 3 rd year Course Coordinator: Dr. Alaadin M. Naqishbandi Assistant Professor 014-015
Course Coordinator and list of teachers 1. name of the course : Pharmacognosy and, 3 rd year. Lecturer. in charge : Dr. Alaadin M. Naqishbandi 3. Dept. : Pharmacognosy 4. Contact : Address: Hawler Medical University College of Pharmacy/ Dept. of pharmacognosy Email : alaadinmn@pha.hmu.edu.iq Website link: www.hmu.edu.iq 5. Participant lecturers : 1. Assist Lec. Lana Yusef Mutaleb. Assist Lec. Aveen Nozad Adham
Course Overview The aim of pharmacognosy department is to provide a modern lecture courses covering a descriptive study of medicinal plants, the importance of plant- derived natural products in medicine & their biosyntheses. These courses include teaching the student the chemistry of natural products, how to identify & evaluate the active constituents of the plant, with emphasis on methods of extraction, separation of these constituents in a pure form using different type techniques, such as chromatography. n addition to the phytotherapy and information on herbal medicine used in the treatment of different diseases. Course Objectives At the end of this course, students are expected to: 1. Have a comprehensive knowledge of all the basic principles in Pharmacognosy.. Understand and classify the plants according to their source, morphology, active constituents and therapeutic uses. n addition, recognition of the methods used in natural product chemistry 3. ntegrate their knowledge with data and information provided about certain species to expect the phytotherapeutic uses. 4. Understanding the methods in natural products chemistry which include extraction, identification and standardization. 5. dentify the most important families in the plant kingdom which yield the most important compounds and give examples on each one. 6. Transfer all the provided knowledge about taxonomy, morphology, extraction of natural compounds and different families in the plants kingdom into practical aspects in regard to their therapeutic uses. 7. Employ the theoretical information about the different analytical techniques used in the chemistry of natural compounds. 8. Accounting for use, and increasing interest in medicinal plants, and integrating them into national health care system. Promote the safety, efficacy, and quality of medicinal plants by expanding the knowledge base on regulatory and quality assurance standards. 9. Rationale usage of medicinal plants as drug categories in alternative medicine, their doses and dosage forms, drug-drug interactions, and drugfood interactions. 10. Exploitation of acquired knowledge about medicinal plants to the pharmaceutical industry including the search for pharmacokinetically optimum dosage formulations. Course Reading List: 1- trease & Evans pharmacognosy- 15 th ed. W.B sanders Edinburg London New York Philadilphia St Louis sydne tornto (00) - pharmacognosy & pharmcobiotechnology by Ashutosh Kar, K.K. Gupta for new international Ltd (003) 3- Pharmacognosy, 9 th ed. Tyler. Lea and Febiger, Philadilphia (1988) 4- Herbal medicine, nd ed. Rudolf, Thieme (000)
5- Fundamentals of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Michael Heinrich, Joanne Barnes, Simon Gibbons and Elizabeth M. Williamson (01). Syllabus: 1. Course title: Pharmacognosy, 3 rd year, 1 st course. number of credits (3) hr theory, 3hr practice 3- The course complies the following: The course comprises two main themes, the first is an introduction to pharmacognosy covering drugs of natural origin. This includes history and importance of natural products, Botanical characters of medicinal plants and study the different cell contents; Natural health products as herbal medicines, homeopathy, complementary and alternative medicine and related subjects; Production of natural product derived drugs including their collection, preparation, storage conditions and their preparation for use either in the crude form or as extracts. The second part of the course covers chromatographic principles and methodologies specially column and planer chromatography as well as their applications in evaluation of natural products. Also the course will introduce the students to the active constituents of drugs containing: Carbohydrates, Tannins, Volatile oils, lipids and unorganized drugs. 4- Course Participants: 3 rd year pharmacy students, 1 st course. 5- nstructors : - Dr. Alaadin Naqishbandi - Assist Lec. Lana Yusef Mutaleb - Assist Lec. Aveen Nozad 6- Course length 15 weeks 30 hr theory (15 X hr), 45hr practice (15 X 3 hr) 7- Teaching methods Theory (power point presentation) practical (practical experiments, seminars) 8- Assessment (grading): summative assessment: Midterm exam (theory subjects): 5% (0 % mid-term exam + 5% quizzes) Practical assessment 15%: Final exam: 60% (45% theoretical subjects, 15% practical subjects) V
Outline of course: A-Theoretical Syllabus Subject Lecturer No of hrs General introduction-mportance of plants in modern pharmacy and medicine Complementary and alternative medicine General principles of botany morphology and systematicsadulteration of crude drugs Production of crude drug, (collection, drying and storage) Standardization and quality control of herbal drugs Hallucinogenic, allergic, and other toxic plants Extraction of the plant materials Chromatographic separation 8 techniques Carbohydrates Volatile oils and other 4 isoprenoids Resins and resin combinations 1 Tannins 1 Lipids 1 1 B-Practical Syllabus 1. Microscopical evaluation of crude drugs (Epidermis, epidermal trichomes starch, calcium oxalate crystals). Macroscopical (organoleptic) and physical evaluation of crude drugs 3. Plant Extraction methods 4. Ascending paper chromatography 5. Thin layer chromatography(effect of solvent polarity on Rf value) 6. Two dimentional chromatography 7. Carbohydrates (extraction and identification of starch, identification tests of carbohydrates) 8. Extraction and identification of tannins 9. Extraction and identification of volatile oils 10. Posters prepared by groups of (5) students related to course subjects V
Syllabus: 1. Course title: Pharmacognosy, 3 rd year, nd course. number of credits (3) hr theory, 3hr practice 3- The course complies the following: The course deals with the chemistry of crude drugs (Phytochemistry). Emphasis will be given to the study of bioactive constituents including glycosides and alkaloids. The study deals with their isolation, identification, structure activity relationship (SAR), medicinal uses and determination of these constituents, using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. 4- Course Participants: 3 rd year pharmacy students, nd course. 5- nstructors : - Dr. Alaadin M. Naqishbandi - Assist Lec. Lana Yusef Mutaleb - Assist Lec. Aveen Nozad Adham 6- Course length 15 weeks 30 hr theory (15 X hr), 45hr practice (15 X 3 hr) 4. Teaching methods Theory (power point presentation) practical (practical experiments, seminars) 5. Assessment (grading): summative assessment: Midterm exam (theory subjects): 5% (0 % mid-term exam + 5% quizzes) Practical assessment 15%: Final exam: 60% (50% theoretical subjects, 15% practical subjects)
Outline of course: A-Theoretical Syllabus Subject Lecturer No of hrs Glycosides physical and 1 chemical properties Cardiac glycosides 3 Saponin glycosides Anthraquinone glycosides 3 Flavonoid glycosides Cyanogenetic glycosides sothiocyanate glycosides Alcohol glycosides Phenol glycosides Lactone glycoside Alkaloids, physical and chemical 1 properties Pyridine-piperidine alkaloids Tropane alkaloids 3 Quinoline alkaloids 1 soquinoline alkaloids 4 midazol alkaloids 1 ndole alkaloids 3 Purine bases 1 Alkaloidal amines 1 Tumour inhibitors from plants 1 Vitamins 1 B-Practical Syllabus 1. Extraction and identification of cardioactive glycosides. Extraction and identification of saponin glycosides 3. Extraction and identification of anthraquinone glycosides 4. Extraction and identification of flavonoid glycosides 5. Extraction and identification of Pyridine-piperidine alkaloids 6. Extraction and identification of tropane alkaloids 7. Extraction and identification of ndole alkaloids 8. Extraction and identification of Purine alkaloids. 9. Seminars prepared and presented by groups of students related to medicinal plants. (4 presentations per group )
Examinations: - The exams will be held during the course. - Quizzes during the practical and theoretical hours. - Theoretical exams: midterm and final exam. - Final exam Theoretical, Practical and Oral. Theoretical: exams will be mixed - MCQ. (Multiple choices questions) - SCQ. (Single choices Questions) - Short Essays - Diagrams - T and F statement selection Practical exam: - Written exam on practical subjects - Seminar presentation and poster exam: will be held through a committee