WAHIS wildlife disease reporting system

WAHIS wildlife disease reporting system Alessandro Ripani Animal Health Information Department OIE Lyon, France, 4 6 November 29 Workshop for OIE National Focal Points for Wildlife INTRODUCTION OIE HISTORICAL OBJECTIVE To ensure transparency in the global animal disease situation General objective of the OIE: improve animal health worldwide

World Animal Health Information System World Animal Health Information System (WAHIS) and its interface WAHID. RAHIS The WAHID Interface provides access to all data held within OIE's World Animal Health Information System (WAHIS). World Animal Health Information System

World Animal Health Information System WAHIS online notification application: Provides countries with a simpler and quicker method of sending sanitary information => compliance with international standards Allows countries to benefit from the new capabilities put in place to produce essential and useful information with the minimum of errors and delays (near real time information). Types of reports Immediate notification of disease, infection or unusual epidemiological events Weekly reports: Follow-up to the immediate notification Final report : - if the outbreaks have ended - if the situation becomes endemic Six-monthly report Annual report

Objectives of the system Immediate notifications and Follows-up OIE s early warning system Regular information by six-monthly and annual reports OIE s monitoring system OIE s early warning system Immediate notification within 24 hours Follow-up report weekly report Follow-up to the immediate notification to inform on changes in the epidemiological situation Final report

What does notification mean? Means the procedure by which: - the Veterinary Administration informs OIE Headquarters - OIE Headquarters informs Veterinary Administrations. of the occurrence of a disease outbreak of or any other epidemiological event, - according to the provisions of the OIE s Codes Each Veterinary Administr. OIE Headquarters All Member Countries Veterinary Administrations Reasons for immediate notification within 24 hours 1. The first occurrence of a listed disease and/or infection in a country or zone/compartment 2. The re-occurrence of a listed disease or infection in a country or zone/ compartment following a report declaring previous outbreak(s) eradicated 3. The first occurrence of a new strain of a pathogen of a listed disease in a country or zone/compartment

Reasons for immediate notification within 24 hours 4. A sudden and unexpected increase in the distribution, incidence, morbidity or mortality of a listed disease prevalent within country, a zone or a compartment 5. Evidence of change in the epidemiology of a listed disease (e.g. host range, pathogenicity, strain of causative pathogen), in particular if there is a zoonotic impact. 6. An emerging disease with significant morbidity/mortality or zoonotic potential Criteria for listing a disease INTERNATIONAL SPREAD? Has international spread been proven on 3 or more occasions? OR Are more than 3 countries with populations of susceptible free of the disease or facing impending freedom (based on Code provisions, especially Appendix 3.8.1)? OR Do OIE annual reports indicate that at least 3 countries with susceptible populations are reporting absence of the disease? EMERGING? (A newly recognised pathogen or known pathogen behaving differently) Is there apparent zoonotic properties or rapid spread? NO YES ZOONOTIC POTENTIAL? Has transmission to humans been proven? (with the exception of artificial circumstances) AND Is human infection associated with severe consequences? (death or prolonged illness) YES NO SIGNIFICANT SPREAD IN NAIVE POPULATIONS? Does the disease exhibit significant mortality at level of a country or zone? OR Does the disease exhibit significant morbidity at the level of a country or zone? NO YES EXCLUDE INCLUDE EXCLUDE INCLUDE

OIE s list of diseases In 28 : 3 diseases In 28 : 93 diseases 26 multi species, 14 cattle, 11 sheep/goat, 11 equine, 7 swine, 14 avian, 2 lagomorph, 6 bee, 2 others 9 fish, 7, molluscs, 12 crustaceans, 2 amphibians OIE s early warning system Results since the launch of the new notification system (only for immediate notifications): Variation of the number of published Alerts betw een 24 & 28 Number of Alerts 2 15 1 5 17 167 11 53 66 24 25 26 27 28 Year

OIE s early warning system Results since the launch of the new notification system (Immediate notifications and follow-up): Published Immediate notifications and follow-up repots 8 Number of reports 6 4 2 24 25 26 27 28 Year OIE s monitoring system Six-monthly report on the absence or presence of listed diseases Part 1: Qualitative information disease occurrence; control, prophylaxis and prevention measures; indication of the type of template to use to notify diseases or infections/infestations present in the country (=> part 2).

OIE s monitoring system Six-monthly report on the absence or presence of listed diseases Part 2: Quantitative information Template 1: By first administrative division and by month; Template 2: For the whole country by month; Template 3: By first administrative division for the six months period; Template 4: For the whole country for the six-months period. OIE s monitoring system Annual report The sum of information present into six-monthly reports and: Non OIE-listed diseases; Human resources in Veterinary Services; National Reference Laboratories; Livestock census (by first administrative division); Zoonoses (human cases); Production of vaccines.

WAHIS wildlife reporting system Chronology: 1. From the beginning the OIE has been collecting data on domestic and wild, this has continued with WAHIS that started in 25; 2. Starting from 27 we allowed better graphical differentiation through WAHID maps for domestic and wild outbreaks; 3. Starting from 29 the system allows to differentiate the occurrence codes for domestic and wild species; 4. Starting from 21 a new version of WAHIS will be launched: it will also designed to collect details about wild species by family, Latin and common name; 5. WAHIS-Wild application for Focal points for Wild diseases will be raedy to collect annual data for 29 Recent crisis: need to adapt to the situation - notification of diseases in wild OIE is conscious about the sensitivity of WAHIS data and the possible consequences for putting unjustified trade barriers having sometimes a side effect of countries not notifying on diseases observed in wild species not limit transparency Better understanding of disease situation in both domestic and wild, better risk analysis for importing countries and less unjustified trade barriers.

Since its creation (25), WAHIS has been able to record data related to wild species When indicating the species interested by the outbreak being reported you can choose «wild species» from the drop down list GO TO WAHID Since its creation (25), WAHIS has been able to record data related to wild species

Starting from 27 better graphical differentiation for domestic and wild outbreaks HPAI from 1th January 27 to 19th August 29 Resolved outbreaks in wild species Continuing outbreak in wild species Legend of the map Starting from 29 the system allows to differentiate the occurrence codes for domestic and wild species Each country has to indicate the occurrence code for each OIE listed disease during the reporting period by category of domestic species and wild species Codes indicating disease presence in Domestic Species and / or in Wild Species + Positive occurrence of the disease +() Positive occurrence of the disease limited to one or more zones of the country Codes indicating the presence of the infection/infestation in Domestic Species and / or in Wild Species +? Identification of the presence of infection/infestation Codes indicating disease absence in domestic Species and / or Wild Species - Negative occurrence of the disease

Starting from 29 the system allows to differentiate the occurrence codes for domestic and wild species Other codes in Domestic and/or in Wild Species? Presence of the disease suspected but not confirmed No information available Disease never reported For Disease never reported (in both Domestic Species and Wild Species): It is not accepted to notify the disease as never reported if it was already reported in domestic species or wild and vice versa. Enter this occurrence code in both categories of species. WAHIS - 29 Click on the six-monthly report

WAHIS - 29 Choose the type of six-monthly report Click there to Edit the six-monthly report WAHIS - 29

WAHIS - 29 Some example Absent disease: If you have the disease «not reported in this period for both»

Absent disease: If you have the disease absent only in domestic species WAHIS - 29

Present disease: If you have the same occurrence code Present disease: If you have different occurrence code

WAHIS - 29

Starting from 21 a new version of WAHIS will be launched The system will offer for wild species category a short list of known susceptible species Family name Latin name (scientific name) Common name The short list of known susceptible species will be related to: disease; disease regional distribution (e.g. CWD). Example: Disease Family name Latin name English Common Name French Common Name Spanish Common Name West Nile fever Anatidae Anas platyrhynchos Mallard Canard colvert Ánade Real Starting from 21 a new version of WAHIS will be launched The system will allow the possibility to add in a box of free text another species (if it is not in the list), indicating the Latin name and common name. When a user adds a new name the OIE staff will verify it and after validation, introduce it into the database

Focal Points on wildlife To ensure the optimal collection and submission of information on wildlife, Members were requested to nominate National Focal Points to assist the OIE Delegate and act as a direct contact point with the OIE Animal Heath Information Department. Focal point for animal disease notification Focal point for aquatic animal Focal point for wild animal disease

Animals Diseases Notification WAHIS - Web application National access DELEGATE WAHIS Web application National access Terrestrial focal point Aquatic focal point (Nominated by the Delegate) WAHIS - web application Immediate notifications Follow-ups WAHIS Wild web application National access for Wildlife focal point nominated by the Delegate Wild data transfer Six- monthly reports Annual report Annual wildlife report Example of wild data transfer of OIE listed disease 1st six-monthly report HPAI : transfered from the 1st six-monthly report collected in WAHIS Example Family name Latin name No. of new outbreaks Serotype Total No. of outbreaks susceptible case s death s destroyed slaughtered vaccinated Validation Anatidae Cygnus cygnus 8 8 8 8 Y/N Anatidae Branta canadensis 1 1 1 1 Y/N Anatidae Cygnus olor 75 1 1 Y/N Accipitridae Buteo buteo 1 1 1 1 1 Y/N 2nd six-monthly report Example HPAI : transfered from the 2nd six-monthly report collected in WAHIS Family name Latin name No. of new outbreaks Serotype Total No. of outbreaks susceptible case s death s destroyed slaughtered vaccinated Validation Anatidae Cygnus olor 2 2 2 2 Y/N Anatidae Branta canadensis 4 4 15 4 4 Y/N Ardeidae Ardea cinerea 1 5 5 Y/N Falconidae Falco peregrinus 3 3 3 3 3 Y/N

Example: Non OIE listed disease 1st six-monthly report Chronic Wasting Disease (Not-listed wildlife diseases entered by the FPW) For the non OIE listed diseases the system will offer the six-monthly time period reporting to enter data Family name Latin name No. of new outbreaks Serotype Total No. of outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaughtered vaccinated Cervidae Cervus canadensis 2 2 2 1 1 Cervidae Odocoileus hemionus 52 52 52 15 37 Cervidae Odocoileus virginianus 7 7 7 2 5 Cervidae Cervus elaphus 2nd six-monthly report Chronic Wasting Disease (Not-listed wildlife diseases entered by the FPW) Family name Latin name No. of new outbreaks Serotype Total No. of outbreaks susceptible cases deaths destroyed slaughtered vaccinated Cervidae Cervus canadensis 1 1 1 1 Cervidae Odocoileus hemionus 5 5 5 2 3 Cervidae Odocoileus virginianus 7 7 7 2 5 Cervidae Cervus elaphus Annual wildlife report - sections

Information display Annual wildlife report OIE listed diseases Non OIE listed wildlife diseases A new Web Interface will be created to display information on wildlife disease that are not OIE listed diseases The process of improving the system for wildlife has started in 28 through the new questionnaire in Excel file that has been redesigned to take into account further new improvements and start the integration between WAHIS and data previously collected in the old questionnaire. It was a good opportunity for focal points for wildlife disease notification to know about the ongoing changes to prepare countries to collect needed requested data in the future. This questionnaire was organised to collect annual data once a year but divided into six-months period to be in-line with the actual six-monthly reporting procedure: - qualitative data and The transition: Wildlife questionnaire for 28 - quantitative data (by month or six-month and by first administrative division or for the entire country)

The transition Wildlife questionnaire The transition Wildlife questionnaire

The transition Wildlife questionnaire The transition Wildlife questionnaire

Wild Animals Diseases Notification focal point The questionnaire on wildlife diseases will be integrated into WAHIS-wild. Thus, the information present in the current questionnaire will be entered by the Wild animal disease Notification focal point into WAHIS-wild Wildlife questionnaire results in 28 Questionnaires 7 6 5 4 3 2 62 65 55 48 65 A total of 65 completed questionnaires were received up to 18 June 29 (from 172 countries in 28) 1 25 26 27 28 29 Years No. of questionnaires 32,386 wild cases notified in 29 different species from 99 different families Type of disease No. of wildlife diseases reported No. of wildlife diseases listed in the questionnaire % OIE-listed diseases affecting wild 43 86 5% Non-listed wildlife diseases 32 45 71% Diseases of reptiles 1 4 25% Diseases of amphibians 2 2 1% Non-infectious diseases 4 4 1% Total 82 141 58%

Wildlife questionnaire results in 28 Distribution of countries that submitted completed questionnaires to the OIE Thank you for your attention Have you subscribed to the OIE-Info distribution list? If not, you can do it from: http://www.oie.int/eng/info/en_listserv.htm RRS Feeds are now available too

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