1 2004-2005 Respiratory Review 2 Abacavir Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) 3 Acebutolol β 1 adrenergic antagonist Class II antiarrhythmic Antianginal 4 Albuterol β 2 adrenergic agonist Short acting bronchodilator Used in asthma 5 Amikacin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor Freezes initiation 6 Aminoglycosides s Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitors Freeze initiation 7 Aminophylline Bronchodilator Methylxanthine Phosphodiesterase inhibitor Used in asthma 8 Amoxicillin Antiulcer Amino penicillin 1
9 Amphotericin B Antifungal Polyene antibiotic Binds to ergosterol and alters permeability Systemic 10 Ampicillin Amino penicillin 11 Atenolol β 1 adrenergic antagonist Antiarrhythmic Antianginal 12 Azithromycin Macrolide antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosome Inhibits translocation 13 Aztreonam New β lactam antibiotic Monobactam 14 Bacitracin Topical, not a β lactam, Inhibits dephosphorylation of bactoprenol 15 Beclomethasone Anti-inflammatory steroid Inhaled 16 Benzathine penicillin G Repository preparation 2
17 Betamethasone Anti-inflammatory steroid Not by inhalation 18 Betaxolol β 1 adrenergic antagonist Glaucoma medication 19 Bethanecol Cholinomimetic Muscarinic agonist Induces defecation and urination 20 Biltolterol β 2 adrenergic agonist Bronchodilator 21 Bispropolol β adrenergic antagonist 22 Budesonide Anti-inflammatory steroid Inhaled 23 Captopril Converting enzyme inhibitor Heart failure treatment Angioedema producer 24 Carbenicillin Anti-pseudomonal penicillin 3
25 Carteolol β adrenergic antagonist 26 Caspofungin Echinocandin antifungal Blocks synthesis of fungal β (1,3)-d-glucan in the cell wall 27 Cefaclor Cephalosporin antibiotic 2 nd generation Oral 28 Cefadroxil Cephalosporin antibiotic 1 st generation Oral 29 Cefepime Cephalosporin antibiotic 4 th generation CSF penetration 30 Cefotaxime Cephalosporin antibiotic 3 rd generation CSF penetration 31 Cefoxitin Cephalosporin antibiotic 2 nd generation 32 Ceftazidime Cephalosporin antibiotic 3 rd generation 4
33 Ceftriaxone Cephalosporin antibiotic 3 rd generation CSF penetration 34 Cefuroxime Cephalosporin antibiotic 2 nd generation CSF penetration 35 Cephalexin Cephalosporin antibiotic 1 st generation Oral 36 Cephalosporins s β lactam s Inhibit cross-linking of peptidoglycan 37 Cephalothin Cephalosporin antibiotic 1 st generation Oral 38 Cetirizine Antihistamine H 1 antagonist Non-sedating 39 Chloramphenicol Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosome Inhibits peptide bond formation 40 Chlorpheniramine Classical antihistamine H 1 antagonist 41 Ciprofloxacin 5
Fluoroquinolone antibiotic DNA replication inhibitor Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase 42 Clarithromycin Macrolide antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor Antiulcer 50S ribosome Inhibits translocation 43 Clavulanic acid β-lactamase inhibitor Combined with antibacterials 44 Clindamycin Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosome Anaerobic infections 45 Clotrimazole Imidazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol Lanosterol 14α demethylase inhibitor 46 Cloxacillin Penicillinase resistant penicillin 47 Cortisol (Hydrocortisone) Anti-inflammatory steroid 48 Cromolyn sodium Mast cell stabilizer Inhibits release of mast cell mediators Used prophylactically in asthma 49 Cycloserine Secondary TB drug 6
Inhibits formation of Park nucleotide 50 Dapsone Sulfone antibiotic Nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase Leprosy 51 Delavirdine Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) 52 Dexamethasone Antineoplastic Anti-inflammatory steroid Not by inhalation 53 Didanosine Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) Dideoxyinosine (ddi) 54 Diphenhydramine Classical antihistamine Antiemetic H 1 antagonist 55 Doxycycline Tetracycline antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor Prevents aminoacyl trna attachment 56 Ecothiophate Anticholinesterase Vasodilator Glaucoma treatment 57 Edrophonium Anticholinesterase Vasodilator Diagnostic for myaesthenia gravis 7
58 Efavirenz Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) 59 Enalapril Converting enzyme inhibitor Angioedema producer 60 Enfuvirtide (T-20) Fusion inhibitor 61 Ephedrine Indirect sympathomimetic Vasoconstrictor Bronchodilator Decongestant 62 Epinephrine α and β adrenergic agonist Vasoconstrictor Bronchodilator 63 Erythromycin Macrolide antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosome Inhibits translocation 64 Esmolol β 1 adrenergic antagonist Class II Antiarrhythmic 65 Ethambutol Major drug for tuberculosis 66 Ethionamide Secondary drug for tuberculosis 8
67 Fexofenadine Antihistamine H 1 antagonist Non-sedating 68 Fluconazole Triazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14α demethylase 69 Flucytosine Antifungal Converted by fungi to 5-fluorouracil faulty RNA and DNA synthesis 70 Flunisolide Anti-inflammatory steroid Inhaled 71 Fluorinated Quinolones ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin s DNA replication inhibitors Inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase 72 Fluticasone Anti-inflammatory steroid Inhaled 73 Formoterol β 2 adrenergic agonist Long acting bronchodilator 74 Gentamicin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor Freezes initiation 75 Griseofulvin Antifungal Binds to microtubules 9
76 Hydrocortisone Anti-inflammatory steroid 77 Hydroxyzine Classical antihistamine H 1 antagonist 78 Imipenem/Cilastatin New β lactam antibiotic Cilastatin inhibits a kidney dipeptidase that inactivates imipenem 79 Indinavir Protease inhibitor (PI) 80 Ipratropium Anticholinergic Antimuscarinic Inhaled bronchodilator 81 Isoetharine β adrenergic agonist Bronchodilator 82 Isoniazid Inhibits biosynthesis of mycolic acids Major drug for tuberculosis 83 Isoproterenol β adrenergic agonist Vasodilator Bronchodilator 84 Itraconazole Triazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14α demethylase 85 Ketoconazole Imidazole antifungal 10
Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14α demethylase 86 Lamivudine Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) 87 Levobunolol β adrenergic antagonist 88 Linezolid Oxazolidinone antibiotic Protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosomal subunit 89 Lisinopril Converting enzyme inhibitor Heart failure treatment Angioedema producer 90 Loratidine Antihistamine H 1 antagonist Non-sedating 91 Macrolides erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin s Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitors 50S ribosome 92 Malathion Anticholinesterase Vasodilator 93 Metaproterenol β 2 adrenergic agonist Bronchodilator Used in asthma 94 Methicillin 11
Pencillinase resistant penicillin 95 Methylprednisolone Anti-inflammatory steroid Not by inhalation 96 Metipranolol β adrenergic antagonist 97 Metoprolol β 1 adrenergic antagonist Heart failure medication 98 Metronidazole Antiparasitic Antiulcer Anaerobes Reduction leads to intermediates that damage DNA 99 Miconazole Imidazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14α demethylase 100 Minocycline Tetracycline antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor Prevents aminoacyl trna attachment 101 Montelukast Leukotriene inhibitor LTR1 and LTD4 antagonist Asthma treatment 102 Nafcillin 12
Penicillinase resistant penicillin 103 Nedocromil Mast cell stabilizer Inhibits release of mast cell mediators Used prophylactically in asthma 104 Neomycin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor Freezes initiation Topical 105 Neostigmine Anticholinesterase Vasodilator Treatment for myaesthenia gravis Promotes defecation and urination 106 Netilmicin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor Freezes initiation 107 Nevirapine Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) 108 Norfloxacin Fluoroquinolone antibiotic DNA replication inhibitor Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase 109 Nystatin Antifungal Polyene antibiotic Binds to ergosterol & alters permeability Topical 110 Oxacillin 13
Pencillinase resistant penicillin 111 Oxytetracycline Tetracycline antibiotic Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor Prevents aminoacyl trna attachment 112 Para-aminosalicylic acid Nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase Secondary TB drug 113 Penbutolol β adrenergic antagonist 114 Penicillins β lactam antibiotics s Inhibit cross-linking of peptidoglycan 115 Penicillin G Acid labile 116 Penicillin V More acid resistant than Penicillin G 117 Phenylephrine α 1 adrenergic agonist Vasoconstrictor Nasal decongestant 118 Phenylpropanolamine 14
Indirect sympathomimetic Nasal decongestant Removed from market* (may be in medicine cabinets!) 119 Physostigmine Anticholinesterase Bradycardic Vasodilator 120 Pilocarpine Cholinomimetic Muscarinic agonist Antiglaucoma 121 Pindolol β adrenergic antagonist 122 Piperacillin Anti-pseudomonal penicillin 123 Pirbuterol β 2 adrenergic agonist Bronchodilator 124 Polymyxin B Disrupts gram negative cell membrane Binds phosphatidylethanolamine Bactericidal 125 Prednisone Antineoplastic Anti-inflammatory Not by inhalation 15
126 Probenecid Uricosuric Adjunct in penicillin therapy 127 Procaine Penicillin G Repository preparation 128 Promethazine Classical antihistamine Antipsychotic Antiemetic H 1 antagonist 129 Propranolol β adrenergic antagonist Class II antiarrhythmic 130 Pseudoephedrine α and β adrenergic agonist Vasoconstrictor Nasal decongestant 131 Pyrazinamide Major drug for tuberculosis 132 Pyridostigmine Anticholinesterase Vasodilator Treatment for myaesthenia gravis 133 Quinopristin/Dalfopristin Streptogramin antibiotic Protein synthesis inhibitor 50S ribosomal subunit 134 Rifampin 16
Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor Inhibits DNA dependent RNA polymerase Major drug for TB 135 Ritonavir Protease inhibitor (PI) 136 Salmeterol β 2 adrenergic agonist Long acting bronchodilator 137 Saquinavir Protease inhibitor (PI) 138 Silver sulfadiazine Sulfonamide antibiotic Microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase Topical 139 Spectinomycin Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor 140 Streptomycin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor Freezes initiation 141 Succinylcholine Paralytic Depolarizing blocker Paralyzes skeletal muscles 142 Sulfacetamide Sulfonamide antibiotic Microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase Topical 17
143 Sulfadoxine Sulfonamide antibiotic Microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Dihydropteroate synthetase inhibitor 144 Sulfamethoxazole Sulfonamide antibiotic Microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase 145 Sulfisoxazole Sulfonamide antibiotic Nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitor Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase 146 Sulfonamides s Nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibitors Inhibit dihydropteroate synthetase 147 Terbinafine Allylamine antifungal Inhibits ergosterol synthesis by inhibiting squalene epoxidase 148 Terbutaline β 2 adrenergic agonist Short acting bronchodilator Tocolytic Uterine relaxant 149 Tetracycline Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor Antiulcer Prevents aminoacyl trna attachment 150 Theophylline Bronchodilator Methylxanthine Phosphodiesterase inhibitor 18
Used in asthma 151 Ticarcillin Anti-pseudomonal penicillin 152 Timolol β adrenergic antagonist Glaucoma treatment Anti-anginal 153 Tobramycin Aminoglycoside antibiotic Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor Freezes initiation 154 Triamcinolone Anti-inflammatory steroid Inhaled 155 Trimethoprim Protein and nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor Folic acid antagonist Inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase 156 Tripelennamine Classical antihistamine H 1 antagonist 157 Vancomycin Inhibits cell wall synthesis Not a β lactam 158 Voriconazole Triazole antifungal Inhibits synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14α demethylase 19
159 Zafirlukast Leukotriene inhibitor LTR 1 and LTD 4 antagonist Asthma treatment 160 Zalcitabine Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) Dideoxycytidine (ddc) 161 Zidovudine Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) 162 Zileuton Leukotriene inhibitor 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor Used in asthma 20