Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Abdominal wall defects of, 375 385 gastroschisis, 379 382 omphalocele, 375 379 muscle flaps from, for diaphragmatic hernia repair, 368 Absorbable patches, for diaphragmatic hernia, 367 368 AlloDerm patch, for diaphragmatic hernia, 367 Amniotic fluid, interventions with, for gastroschisis, 379 Animal models, 271 for diaphragmatic hernia, 292 293 for hematopoietic cell transplantation, 303 304 for myelomeningocele, 280 281 Anorectal malformations, 403 422 complications of, 419 420 diagnosis of, 405 410 embryology of, 404 epidemiology of, 404 genetics of, 404 405 historical view of, 403 404 in female, 415 419 in male, 410 415 long-term problems with, 419 420 Antenatal CDH Registry Group, 291 Antibiotics, for necrotizing enterocolitis, 394 Artificial placenta, 319 323 Aspiration pneumonitis, in esophageal atresia, 352 Atresia bowel, 379 382 bronchial, 332 esophageal, 349 361 rectal, 412 413, 415 vaginal, anorectal malformations with, 409 410 Autologous tissue patches, for diaphragmatic hernia, 368 B Bacterial colonization, in necrotizing enterocolitis, 390 Balloon, for tracheal occlusion, 295 297 Bare lymphocyte syndrome, hematopoietic cell transplantation for, 304 Bell criteria, for necrotizing enterocolitis, 392 Betamethasone, for lung lesions, 332, 334 Clin Perinatol 39 (2012) 423 430 doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(12)00038-3 perinatology.theclinics.com 0095-5108/12/$ see front matter ª 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
424 Index Biosynthetic patches, for diaphragmatic hernia, 367 368 Bladder dysfunction, of, in anorectal malformations, 409 fistula of, 415 Blastomas, pleuropulmonary, 337 Bowel atresia, in gastroschisis, 379 382 Bowel perforation, in necrotizing enterocolitis, 388 389, 393 Breast milk, in necrotizing enterocolitis, 391, 396 Bronchial atresia, 332 Bronchioalveolar carcinoma, 337 Bronchogenic cysts, 332 Bronchopulmonary foregut malformation, 337 Bucket-handle anomaly, 406 C Canadian Association of Pediatric Surgeons network, gastroschisis study of, 381 Carbon dioxide insufflation, for diaphragmatic hernia repair, 364 Cardiopulmonary failure, ECMO for, 313 CDH. See Diaphragmatic hernia, congenital. Children s Hospital of Philadelphia diaphragmatic hernia program at, 294 myelomeningocele surgery at, 281 282 Chimerism, in hematopoietic cell transplantation, 302 Cloaca, 417 419 Collis-Nissen procedure, for esophageal atresia, 354 Colonization, bacterial, in necrotizing enterocolitis, 390 Colostomy for anorectal malformations, 411 for rectourethral fistula, 412 415 Conduit reconstruction, for esophageal atresia, 354 355 Congenital anomalies, surgery for. See Fetal and neonatal surgery. Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation/congenital pulmonary airway malformation, 332 338 Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Study Group, 369 370 Constipation, after anorectal malformation correction, 419 Currarino s triad, anorectal malformations with, 408 Cysts, bronchogenic, 332 D Diaphragmatic hernia, congenital, 289 300, 363 374 animal models for, 292 293 classification of, 369 370 diaphragmatic replacement for, 365 369 incidence of, 289 290 minimally invasive repair for, 364 365 natural history of, 290 292 pathophysiology of, 289 290 prognosis for, 290 292 risk stratification for, 369 370
Index 425 E robotic technique for, 365 tracheal occlusion for, 293 297 ECMO. See Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Emphysema, segmental, 332 Engraftment, in hematopoietic cell transplantation, 304 305 Enterocolitis, necrotizing, 387 401 Environmental factors, in esophageal atresia, 350 Epidermal growth factor, for necrotizing enterocolitis prevention, 397 Epithelialization, for omphalocele, 377 378 Eschar production, for omphalocele, 377 378 Esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula spectrum, 349 361 anorectal malformations with, 408 409 causes of, 350 diagnosis of, 350 352 embryology of, 350 long-gap, 354 358 short-gap, 352 354 Esophagus growth induction technique for (Foker), 354 358 replacement of, for atresia, 355 European study, of tracheal occlusion, 296 Ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure for diaphragmatic hernia, 294 296 for lung lesions, 334 to ECMO, 317 318 EXIT procedure. See Ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure. Extracorporeal Life Support Organization, 312 313 Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, 312 319 contraindications to, 313 316 equipment for, 316 317 for diaphragmatic hernia, 290 292 for premature infants, 318 319 history of, 312 313 indications for, 313 modalities for, 316 novel uses for, 317 318 outcomes of, 316 survival in, 313 Extracorporeal support artificial placenta, 319 323 extracorporal membrane oxygenation, 290 292, 312 319 Extralobal sequestration, 332 F Fecal incontinence, after anorectal malformation correction, 419 Feeding practices, necrotizing enterocolitis and, 390 391, 396 Fetal and neonatal surgery animal models for. See Animal models. extracorporeal support for, 290 292, 311 329
426 Index Fetal (continued ) for abdominal wall defects, 375 385 for anorectal malformations, 403 422 for diaphragmatic hernia, 289 300, 363 374 for esophageal atresia, 349 361, 408 409 for lung lesions, 331 347 for myelomeningocele, 279 288 for necrotizing enterocolitis, 387 401 hematopoietic cell transplantation, 301 310 history of, 269 278, 270 275 imaging for, 270 milestones in, 274 problems with, 272 275 team approach to, 272 275 travel problems in, 275 Fetal endoscopic surgery (FETENDO), for diaphragmatic hernia, 295 Fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion, 296 Fetoscopic surgery, for myelomeningocele, 281 Fistula(s) in anorectal malformations, 405 406, 408 409, 411 417 rectal, 417 419 rectobulbar, 412 rectoperineal, 411, 415 rectourethral, 411 412 rectovesical, 415 rectovestibular, 415 417 tracheoesophageal, 349 361, 408 409 Foker process, for esophageal atresia, 354 358 G Gastroschisis, 379 382 Gastrostomy, for esophageal atresia, 354 Genetic factors in anorectal malformations, 404 405 in esophageal atresia, 350 in omphalocele, 376 Genitourinary anomalies, anorectal malformations with, 409 410 Graft-versus-host disease, in hematopoietic cell transplantation, 302, 306 Gynecologic disorders, anorectal malformations with, 409 410 H Heart defects anorectal malformations with, 407 ECMO for, 317 318 Hematopoietic cell transplantation, 301 310 animal models for, 303 304 applications for, 302 clinical trials of, 304 complications of, 306
Index 427 engraftment limitations in, 305 rationale for, 302 303 Hernia, diaphragmatic. See Diaphragmatic hernia. Hydrops, in lung lesions, 332, 334 Hypoxia, necrotizing enterocolitis in, 389 390 I Immune function, immature, necrotizing enterocolitis in, 389 390 Immunodeficiency, hematopoietic cell transplantation for, 302, 304 Imperforate anus, 405 406, 410 411, 415 Incontinence fecal, after anorectal malformation correction, 419 urinary, in anorectal malformations, 409 International Fetal Medicine and Surgery Society, 272 Intralobal sequestration, 332 Ischemia, necrotizing enterocolitis in, 389 390 K Kidney, anomalies of, anorectal malformations with, 409 L Langston classification, of lung lesions, 334 Laparotomy, for necrotizing enterocolitis, 394 395 Latissimus dorsi muscle flap, for diaphragmatic hernia repair, 368 Lipopolysaccharide, necrotizing enterocolitis due to, 390 Liver dysfunction of, in parenteral nutrition, 396 extraabdominal, 375 379 herniation of, in diaphragmatic hernia, 290 293 Lobar overinflation, congenital, 332 Lobectomy, for lung lesions, 340 341 LoTOS study, of lung lesions, 338 340 Lung congenital lesions of, 331 347 classification of, 334 337 malignancy and, 337 postnatal management of, 337 341 prenatal diagnosis and treatment of, 331 334 hypoplasia of, in diaphragmatic hernia, 289 297 Lung/head ratio, in diaphragmatic hernia, 290 294 M Malignancy, lung lesions and, 337 Management of Myelomeningocele Study, 283 Maternal antigens, noninherited, in hematopoietic cell transplantation, 302 303 Maternal morbidity, in myelomeningocele surgery, 282 Maternal-fetal surgery. See Fetal and neonatal surgery.
428 Index Mayer-Rokitansky syndrome, 409 Minimally invasive techniques, for diaphragmatic hernia surgical, 364 365 tracheal occlusions, 295 Muscle flaps, for diaphragmatic hernia repair, 368 Myelomeningocele, 279 288 clinical features of, 280 etiology of, 279 280 surgery for, 277 animal models for, 280 281 history of, 281 283 Management of Myelomeningocele Study, 283 new directions in, 283 285 rationale for, 280 N Necrotizing enterocolitis, 387 401 clinical features of, 391 392 differential diagnosis of, 392 economic burden of, 388 389 epidemiology of, 387 389 outcomes of, 394 396 pathogenesis of, 389 391 postoperative care in, 394 395 prevention of, 396 397 staging of, 392 treatment of, 392 394 Neonatal surgery. See Fetal and neonatal surgery. Neural tube defects, myelomeningocele in, 277, 279 288 Nitric oxide, necrotizing enterocolitis due to, 389 390 O Omphalocele, 375 379 Oxygenation index, in ECMO, 313 P Parenteral nutrition, liver dysfunction in, 396 Patch repair, for diaphragmatic hernia, 365 369 Peritoneal drainage, for necrotizing enterocolitis, 394 Peritoneal fistulas, 411, 415 Permacol patch, for diaphragmatic hernia, 367 Placenta, artificial, 319 323 Platelet activating factor, necrotizing enterocolitis due to, 390 Pleuropulmonary blastomas, 337 Pneumatosis intestinalis, 391 Pneumonitis, aspiration, in esophageal atresia, 352 Polypropylene patch, for diaphragmatic hernia, 366 367 Polytetrafluoroethylene patch, for diaphragmatic hernia, 366 367
Index 429 Postductal alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, in ECMO, 313 Posterior sagittal anorectoplasty, 411 Premature birth, in myelomeningocele surgery, 282 Premature infants ECMO for, 318 319 necrotizing enterocolitis in, 387 401 Primary peritoneal drainage, for necrotizing enterocolitis, 394 Probiotics, for necrotizing enterocolitis prevention, 396 397 Pulmonary hypertension, in diaphragmatic hernia, 290 Pulmonary hypoplasia, in diaphragmatic hernia, 289 297 R Rectal atresia, 412 413, 415 Rectal fistulas, 417 419 Rectal malformations. See Anorectal malformations. Rectobulbar fistulas, 412 Rectoperineal fistulas, 411, 415 Rectourethral fistulas, 411 415 Rectovesical fistulas, 415 Rectovestibular fistulas, 415 417 Resection, lung, for lung lesions, 340 341 Robotic techniques, for diaphragmatic hernia, 365 S Sacral ratio, anorectal malformations with, 408 Sclerotherapy, for lung lesions, 332 Segmental emphysema, 332 Sequestration, pulmonary, 332 Serratus anterior muscle flap, for diaphragmatic hernia repair, 368 Short bowel syndrome, in necrotizing enterocolitis, 395 Sickle cell disease, hematopoietic cell transplantation for, 302 Silo, for gastroschisis, 380 381 Sonic Hedgehog Homolog defects, anorectal malformations in, 405 Spinal anomalies, anorectal malformations with, 407 408 Stem cell transplantation, 301 310 Stoma, for necrotizing enterocolitis, 395 Surgisis patch, for diaphragmatic hernia, 367 368 T Team approach, to surgery, 272 275 Tethered cord, anorectal malformations with, 407 408 Thalassemias, hematopoietic cell transplantation for, 302 Thoracoamniotic shunting, for lung lesions, 332 Thoracoscopy for esophageal atresia, 352 354 for lung lesions, 340 341 Thoracotomy, for lung lesions, 340 341 Tissue patches, for diaphragmatic hernia, 368
430 Index Tissue-engineered patches, for diaphragmatic hernia, 368 369 Tracheal occlusion, for diaphragmatic hernia, 293 297 Tracheoesophageal fistula, esophageal atresia and, 349 361, 408 409 Transplantation, hematopoietic cell, 301 310 Trisomy 21, anorectal malformations in, 404 405, 411 Tumor necrosis factor a, necrotizing enterocolitis due to, 390 Two-hit hypothesis, of myelomeningocele, 279 280 U University of California, San Francisco diaphragmatic hernia program of, 290, 294 296 fetal surgery program of, 272 277 myelomeningocele surgery in, 283 Unstressed gapogram test, for esophageal atresia, 354 Upper pouch sign, in esophageal atresia, 351 Urethra, anomalies of, 409, 411 415, 417 419 Urinary incontinence, in anorectal malformations, 409 Urologic outcome, in myelomeningocele surgery, 282 283 V VACTERL deformity, 350, 352 Vaginal anomalies, 409 410, 417 419 Vanderbilt University, myelomeningocele surgery at, 281 282 Ventilation index, in ECMO, 313 Vertebral anomalies, anorectal malformations with, 407 408