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1 Vol. 21No HB B universal vaccination Blumberg HBs B 40 B HBV HBV HBV HBs WHO 1992 HBV B HB universal vaccination 1997 HB universal vaccination HBV high risk HBV universal vaccination B HBV universal vaccination HBV 1965 Blumberg HBs Prince HBV HBV HBV 1971 Ohbayashi 1,2 HBV HBs HBs Schweitzer 3 B HBs HBV Key wordsb HB universal vaccination Kazuo Shiraki
2 HBs HBs HBe HBe 1 HBe HBV HBs HBV HBs 7,8 Beasley HBV 9 HBs HBs 10 B HBV HBV HBV HBe HBe 11 HBs HBe HBe HBs HBe 23 6 HBe 12 B HBs HBe 13 1 HBs 2 HBs 13 4 HBs 3 B HBV HBV HBs HBe HBe HBe HBV 85 HBe HBV HBV 12 HBV HBV HBV HBs HBV HBV HBe HBV 1978
3 Vol. 21No HB HBIG HBs HBV HBs HBIG Beasley HBIG HBIG HBIG HBV HBIG HBs HBs HBIG HBV HBIG 23 HBIG HBs HBs 6 HBs 17 HBV HBV HBs B 1975 B HB HBV HBV HBs HB HBV HBe HBs HBs HB 1 HB HBs HB HBe HBV HBIG HB HBV 90 18,19 HBs HBe HBV HBIG HBIG 23 HBs HBV 20 HB HB 1980 HB HB HB 2008 B
4 B 3 B GMP B 1980 HBV HBV HBV HBIG HB 1984 HBV HBV B HBs HBe B HBe HBs HBIG HB HBe HBs HB HBV 48 HBIG 2 HB HB HB HB HB HB HB HBs 2 2 HBIG HBV 1 B 1986 HBs HBs 1.4HBs HBe
5 Vol. 21No HBV 1985 HBV B 9 HBV Noto 24 HBs B Koyama B HBV HBe HBe HBV HBs HBV 26 HBV HBs HBs 27 B HBs B high risk HBs 28 HBs HBs 0.03 HBV B HBV HBV B B PR HBV HBV B
6 B B 29 B B HBV HBV 5 5 HBV 30 HBV HBV HBV HBV universal vaccination B genotype A HBV 31 HBV genotype C genotype A Genotype A HBV 10 B HB general vaccination HBV WHO 1992 HBV HB universal vaccination 1997 HB universal vaccination WHO universal vaccination HB HB HBV HBV HBV 1984 HBe HBV high risk HBV HBV HBs p ,779 universal vaccination 20 HBs HBV HBV HBIG HB 34 HBV HBs 1988 CDC HBs HBIG HB HB universal vaccination
7 Vol. 21No catchup immunization high risk HB HB Expanded Program on ImmunizationEPI HB The U.S. Public Health Service Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice the American Academy of Pediatrics HB 2 1 DPT WHO HB universal vaccination HBV 37 HBV 2 HBV 2 HBV HB 2 HBV HBV HBV HB HBV universal vaccination HBV HBV HBV 2 HBV 2 HBV HBV HB universal vaccination HB universal vaccination HBV HBV HBV HB universal vaccination HB universal vaccination
8 B 5 37 HBV HB universal vaccination B B HBV PR HBV HBV universal vaccination 1Ohbayashi A, Mayumi M, Okochi KAustralia antigen in familial cirrhosis. Lancet 1244, Ohbayashi A, Okochi K, Mayumi M, et alfamilial clustering of asymptomatic carriers of Australia antigen and patients with chronic liver disease or primary liver cancer. Gastroenterology , Schweitzer IL, Dunn AEG, Peters RL, et alviral hepatitis B in neonates and infants. Am J Med , Au vertical transmission Okada K, Yamada T, Miyakawa Y, et alhepatitis B surface antigen in the serum of infants after delivery from asymptomatic carrier mothers. J Pediatr , Stevens CE, Beasley RP, Tsui J, et alvertical transmission of hepatitis B antigen in Taiwan. N Engl J Med , Shiraki K, Yoshihara N, Kawana T, et alhepatitis B surface antigen and chronic hepatitis in infants born to asymptomatic carrier mothers. Am J Dis Child , Okada K, Kamiyama I, Inamata M, et ale Antigen in mother s serum as an indicator of vetical transmission of HBV. N Engl J Med , Shiraki K, Yoshihara N, Sakurai M, et alacute hepatitis B in infants born to carrier mothers with the antibody to hepatitis Be antigen. J Pediatr , HB HBIG HB HB HB HB B natural history HBs HBIG HB Shiraki KThe study group for the prevention of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virusclinical
9 Vol. 21No trials of HBIG and hepatitis B vaccine Green Cross for the prevention of mothertoinfant infection of HBV. Viral Hepatitis Infection in the Western Pacific Region Lam SK, et al eds.. World Scientific, Singapore, 1984, Tada H, Yanagida M, Mishina J, et alcombined passive and active immunization for preventing transmission of hepatitis B virus carrier state. Pediatrics , Shiraki KPerinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus and its prevention. J Gastr Hepat 15 Supp.1115, Shiraki KVertical transmission of hepatitis B virus and its prevention in Japan. Viral Hepatitis and Liver DiseaseNishioka K, Suzuki H, Mishiro S, et al eds.. SpringerVerlag Tokyo Inc, Tokyo, 1994, B Noto H, Terao T, Ryou S, et alcombined passive and active immunoprophylaxis for preventing prenatal transmission of the hepatitis B virus carrier state in Shizuoka, Japan during J Gastroenterol Hepatol , Koyama T, Matsuda I, Sato S, et alprevention of perinatal hepatitis B virus transmission by combined passiveactive immunoprophylaxis in Iwate, Japan and epidemiological evidence for its efficacy. Hepatol Res , B B B B C Tajiri H, Tanaka Y, Kagimoto S, et almolecular evidence of fathertochild transmission of hepatitis B virus. J Med Virol , B Chen HL, Chang MH, Ni YH, et alseroepidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in children. Ten years of mass vaccination in Taiwan. JAMA , Chang MH, Chen CJ, Lai MS, et aluniversal hepatitis B vaccination in Taiwan and the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in children. N Engl J Med , Ni YH, Huang LM, Chang MH, et altwo decades of universal hepatitis B vaccination in Taiwanimpact and implication for future strategies. Gastroenterology , Centers for Disease ControlHepatitis B virus a comprehensive strategy for eliminating transmission in the United States through universal childhood vaccination. Recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee. MMWR 40 RR13125, Committee on Infectious Diseases, American Academy of PediatricsUniversal hepatitis B immunization. Pediatrics , Zuckerman J, van Hattum J, Cafferkey M, et al Should hepatitis B vaccination be introduced into childhood immunization programmes in northern Europe?Lancet Infect Dis , Zangwill KM, Eriksen E, Lee M, et ala populationbased, postlicensure evaluation of the safety of a combination diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, hepatitis B, and inactivated poliovirus vaccine in a large managed care organization. Pediatrics 122e , 2008
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