1950 CID 2009:49 (15 December) HIV/AIDS. Received 17 April 2009; accepted 31 July 2009; electronically published 13 November 2009.
|
|
- Clarence Harvey
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 HIV/AIDS BRIEF REPORT Long-Term Evolution and Determinants of Renal Function in HIV-Infected Patients Who Began Receiving Combination Antiretroviral Therapy in , ANRS CO8 APROCO-COPILOTE Catherine Leport, 1 Vincent Bouteloup, 4 Jérôme Rossert, 2 Michel Garré, 5 Laura Iordache, 1 Pierre Dellamonica, 6 Serge Herson, 3 François Raffi, 7 and Geneviève Chêne 4 ; for the ANRS CO8-COPILOTE study group a 1 Université Paris-Diderot, Paris 7, UFR Medecine, AP-HP, site Bichat, 2 Université Paris-Descartes University, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, and 3 Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, 4 INSERM U897, Université Victor Segalen, ISPED, Bordeaux, 5 Hôpital La Cavale Blanche, Brest, 6 Hôpital L Archet, Nice, and 7 Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France Among 1121 patients (90% Caucasian) infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the glomerular filtration rate increased (+0.72 ml/min/1.73m 2 /month) from treatment initiation to month 16 (the rate increase was lower among men and those with low body mass index, AIDS, or receipt of indinavir), then remained stable up to 7 years. Kidney function should be monitored in patients previously exposed to indinavir. An elevated plasma creatinine level is associated with higher mortality and severe AIDS-related morbidity in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, even in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cart) [1, 2]. Moreover, currently used antiretrovirals may be responsible for renal toxicity (eg, interstitial nephritis, tubular toxicity) [3 6]. The longterm evolution of renal function remains poorly described, as most studies of the relationship of antiretrovirals with renal dysfunction or kidney disease have focused on prevalence or have describing evolution over 3 years [7, 8]. We report renal Received 17 April 2009; accepted 31 July 2009; electronically published 13 November a Members of the study group are listed in the Appendix, which appears only in the online version of the journal. Reprints or correspondence: Dr Catherine Leport, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris 7, UFR Medecine, AP-HP, site Bichat, Laboratoire de Recherche en Pathologie Infectieuse, 16 rue Henri Huchard, Paris cedex 18, France (catherine.leport@univ-paris-diderot.fr). Clinical Infectious Diseases 2009; 49: by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved /2009/ $15.00 DOI: / function and its determinants over 7 years in a large cohort of HIV-infected patients who initiated cart. Patients and methods. The ANRS CO8 APROCO-COPI- LOTE cohort included 1281 patients who began cart with protease inhibitors from May 1997 through June 1999 in 47 French clinical centers. Standardized follow-up and data collection were performed at 1 month, 4 months, and every 4 months thereafter. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated using the abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula [9], ignoring adjustment for race [10]. A mixed-effect linear model assessed for the following potential determinants of GFR slopes over time: age, sex, geographic origin (Caucasian vs origin from sub-saharan African countries or French overseas territories, ie, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Martinique, or Reunion Island), body mass index (BMI), diabetes, hypertension, prior AIDS diagnosis, hepatitis B and C virus serology status, specific antiretrovirals received (especially those reported to have a known renal toxicity, ie, tenofovir or indinavir), CD4 cell count, and plasma HIV RNA level. The time threshold (before and after 16 months) was used to maximize the fit of models to the data while remaining relevant, to estimate the impact of treatment initiation on GFR. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure 1140 mmhg and/or a diastolic blood pressure 190 mmhg occurring at least twice during follow-up. Diabetes was defined as a plasma glucose level 7 mmol/l (fasting) or 11.1 mmol/l (non-fasting) occurring at least twice during followup or receipt of specific treatment for diabetes. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the mortality rate according to different categories of GFR. All calculations were performed using SAS, version 9.1.3, service pack 2 (SAS Institute). Results. Among the 1281 patients enrolled in the cohort, 1121 had data available for all baseline characteristics. At enrollment, 77% were men, the median age was 37 years (interquartile range [IQR], years), 10% were of African/French overseas origin, 21% had a prior history of AIDS, the median creatinine level was 81 mmol/l (IQR, mmol/l), and the median GFR was 93 ml/min/1.73m 2 (IQR, ml/min/ 1.73m 2 ) (Table 1). After a median follow-up of 7.0 years (IQR, years) (ie, 6588 patient-years since protease inhibitor initiation), the median CD4 level increased from 273 cells/mm 3 (IQR, cells/mm 3 ) to 524 cells/mm 3 (IQR, cells/mm 3 ), whereas the median HIV RNA level decreased from 4.5 (IQR, log 10 copies/ml) to 1.7 log 10 copies/ml (IQR, CID 2009:49 (15 December) HIV/AIDS
2 Table 1. Kidney Function According to 3 Different Markers and Determinants of Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) at Protease Inhibitor (PI) Initiation in 1121 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected Patients Treated with Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (cart) for 17 years in the ANRS CO8-COPILOTE Cohort GFR, a ml/min/1.73m 2 Baseline characteristic Percentage of patients Median plasma creatinine level (IQR), mmol/l Median (IQR) P b categories (95% CI) c Adjusted difference between Overall (71 91) 93 (82 107) Sex Male (76 94) 95 (83 108)! (7.18 to 12.92) Female (62 76) 89 (80 102) Ref Age, years (70 88) 107 (97 114)! (14.65 to 28.45) (70 88) 98 (86 110) (8.40 to 16.37) (72 91) 92 (81 105) 8.63 (4.83 to 12.43) (71 96) 81 (72 95) Ref Geographic origin Sub-Saharan or French overseas (66 98) 91 (75 105) ( 4.67 to 3.35) Caucasian (71 90) 94 (83 107) Ref HIV transmission Injection drug use (66 85) 98 (87 113)! (3.12 to 8.59) Other modes (72 92) 93 (81 106) Ref Clinical stage AIDS (70 97) 92 (76 110) ( 1.15 to 5.25) No history of AIDS (71 90) 94 (83 106) Ref BMI, kg/m 2! (65 85) 100 (84 120)! (4.77 to 13.60) (73 91) 93 (82 106) 1.03 ( 2.23 to 4.29) (71 91) 92 (79 104) Ref CD4 count, cells/mm 3! (72 96) 91 (76 107) ( 7.12 to 1.77) (71 89) 95 (84 106) Ref Indinavir in the initial PI-based regimen Yes (73 93) 92 (79 105) ( 0.70 to 2.88) No (70 90) 94 (83 108) Ref NOTE. BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters); CI, confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range; Ref, reference category. a Estimated with the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula. b Univariate mixed-effect linear model. c Multivariate mixed-effect linear model. log 10 copies/ml). The median BMI remained stable at 22 kg/ m 2 (IQR, kg/m 2 ); hypertension was reported in 18% of patients. The initial protease inhibitor received was most frequently indinavir (40%) or nelfinavir (29%). This regimen was modified in most of the patients; at 7 years, 13% were still receiving their initial protease inhibitor, 43% were receiving protease inhibitor based cart, 50% received a non protease inhibitor based regimen, and 7% had permanently interrupted ART. Overall, 532 patients were started on indinavir and received it for a median duration of 21 months (IQR, 9 42 months), whereas starting from 2001 onwards, 214 patients received tenofovir for a median duration of 20 months (IQR, 8 38 months). The median GFR was 93 ml/min/1.73m 2 (IQR, ml/ min/1.73m 2 ) at baseline, 97 ml/min/1.73m 2 (IQR, ) at 2 years, 96 ml/min/1.73m 2 (IQR, ) at 4 years, and 93 ml/min/1.73m 2 (IQR, ) at 6 years of follow-up. The change in GFR was best described by 2 slopes: ml/min/ 1.73m 2 /month (95% confidence interval, ) from baseline to month 16 and ml/min/1.73m 2 /month (95% confidence interval, 0.08 to 0.10) from month 16 onwards (Figure 1A). The proportion of patients with a GFR of!60 ml/min/ 1.73m 2 (3%) or ml/min/1.73m 2 (39% at baseline and 36% at 7 years of follow-up) remained stable over time. Overall, 5% of patients had at least 2 consecutive GFR measurements!60 ml/min/1.73m 2. The mortality rate was 4.1 per 100 person-years among patients with baseline GFR!60 ml/min/1.73m 2, 1.6% among HIV/AIDS CID 2009:49 (15 December) 1951
3 Figure 1. Evolution of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) over time in 997 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients treated with combination antiretroviral therapy (cart) for 17 years. Data are presented for all patients (A), according to receipt of indinavir (gray lines) or no receipt of indinavir (black lines) (B), or according to baseline CD4 count!200 cells/mm 3 (gray lines) or 200 cells/mm 3 (black lines) (C). MDRD, modification of diet renal disease expressed as ml/min/1.73m 2. Solid lines represent observed GFR measurements; dotted lines represent GFR estimates by the mixed-effect linear model. those with baseline GFR of ml/min/1.73m 2, and 1.8% among patients with GFR 90 ml/min/1.73m 2 ( P p.21, adjusted for baseline age, CD4 count, HIV RNA level, AIDS stage, and injection drug use). The baseline GFR was significantly higher in younger patients, injection drug users, and patients with low BMI and was lower in those with CD4 cell counts!200 cells/mm 3 (Table 1). The evolution of GFR over time did not differ between patients who initiated tenofovir, regardless of GFR (!90 vs 90 ml/ min/1.73m 2 /month), and those who never used tenofovir, and it did not differ for patients who received indinavir prior to tenofovir, compared with those who never received tenofovir (data not shown). In the multivariate analysis of GFR evolution over time (Table 2), male sex, AIDS stage, lower baseline BMI, and receipt of indinavir (Figure 1B) were associated with a poorer evolution of GFR during the first 16 months of treatment. Beyond 16 months, a poorer evolution of GFR was associated with African origin and baseline CD4 cell count 200 cells/mm 3 (Table 2 and Figure 1C) but not receipt of indinavir or tenofovir. Discussion. This is the longest follow-up report, to our knowledge, involving treated European HIV-infected patients 1952 CID 2009:49 (15 December) HIV/AIDS
4 Table 2. Determinants of Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) over Follow-up in 997 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients Treated with Combination Antiretroviral Therapy for 17 Years, a Multivariate Mixed- Effect Linear Model Adjusted change of GFR a evolution (95% CI), ml/min/1.73m 2 /month Characteristic Baseline through month 16 Month 16 onwards Overall evolution 0.72 (0.40 to 1.03) 0.01 ( 0.08 to 0.10) Male vs female sex 0.23 ( 0.42 to 0.03) 0.01 ( 0.06 to 0.05) Age at PI initiation (vs age 50 years), years ( 0.30 to 0.64) 0.13 ( 0.01 to 0.26) ( 0.02 to 0.50) 0.01 ( 0.07 to 0.08) ( 0.26 to 0.24) 0.00 ( 0.07 to 0.07) Geographic origin sub-saharan or French overseas vs others 0.25 ( 0.52 to 0.02) 0.11 ( 0.19 to 0.04) AIDS clinical stage at PI initiation vs other stages 0.29 ( 0.50 to 0.07) 0.03 ( 0.03 to 0.08) BMI at PI initiation (vs 25), kg/m 2! ( 0.75 to 0.15) 0.05 ( 0.13 to 0.04) ( 0.26 to 0.17) 0.05 ( 0.10 to 0.01) CD4 cell count at PI initiation!200 vs 200 cells/mm ( 0.10 to 0.26) 0.06 (0.01 to 0.11) Receipt of tenofovir vs no tenofovir 0.01 ( 0.08 to 0.05) Receipt of indinavir vs no indinavir 0.42 ( 0.56 to 0.28) 0.01 ( 0.05 to 0.04) NOTE. BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters); CI, confidence interval; PI, protease inhibitor. a Estimated with the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula. indicating stability of renal function over time. We show a strong association between age and renal function before initiation of cart and provide some evidence that patients treated with indinavir are at risk of developing impaired renal function, in addition to other traditional risk factors. We report a similar proportion (5%) of patients with renal dysfunction (defined as GFR!60 ml/min/1.73m 2 on 2 consecutive measurements) as in another European study [11]. Several studies have reported the beneficial effect of cart on renal disease, including non-hivan lesions [7, 12, 13]. The significant increase in GFR after cart initiation in our study is consistent with beneficial effects of the reduction of HIV replication on renal function. These beneficial changes suggest that renal function, when slightly altered, might then be improved by cart, as shown for HIV-associated nephropathy [14]. Conversely, the receipt of indinavir was associated with a reduced improvement in GFR. Though nephrolithiasis is one of the most frequently reported toxicities among patients treated with indinavir [15], reports of acute renal failure are rare [16]. However, prolonged use of indinavir may be associated with increases in serum creatinine level [16, 17], and improvement has been reported after dosage reduction [18]. Our longitudinal results corroborate those of a recent crosssectional study [11] reporting a deleterious effect of indinavir on renal function. In addition, the longitudinal design of our study allows reporting its early impact after cart initiation. Indinavir was the drug associated with the larger antiviral activity among available protease inhibitors in (ie, nelfinavir, ritonavir, and saquinavir). Even if this finding has less clinical relevance nowadays, it justifies specific attention to further deterioration of renal function in the large number of patients who have previously been exposed to indinavir. We report no significant change associated with the receipt of other antiretroviral agents, including tenofovir, even in the subgroup of patients who received indinavir prior to tenofovir. Moreover, the evolution of GFR in patients who initiated tenofovir with GFR!90 ml/min/1.73m 2 was not different from those who initiated tenofovir with GFR 90 ml/min/1.73m 2 and those who never used tenofovir, an observation which differs from that reported in the Swiss Cohort Study [19]. Conflicting results have been reported regarding the association between tenofovir use and nephrotoxicity, from no or little evidence [8, 20 22] to a clear association even after adequate adjustment for confounders [11, 23]. After 16 months and up to 7 years of cart, the moderate changes in GFR, although statistically significant, were consistent with those observed in the context of the natural evolution of GFR ( 0.5 ml/min/1.73m 2 per year) in an aging uninfected population [6]. Our long-term data further suggest that the favorable evolution of renal function with prolonged cart might primarily be related to long-term control of HIV replication [24]. HIV/AIDS CID 2009:49 (15 December) 1953
5 Among baseline HIV-related factors evaluated, injection drug use and a lower CD4 cell count were associated with a lower GFR, consistent with other studies [5, 11, 14]. Neither hypertension nor diabetes were associated with GFR evolution in our population, but we believe that close follow-up and case management of these patients may have led to early adequate treatment of these conditions. We did not study renal failure but rather the evolution of a renal biomarker, to have sufficient power for our analysis. Moreover, the effect of drugs is difficult to assess in an observational study, because it is not possible to attribute an observed change to drug exposure alone. Therefore, a lack of power or a selection bias might also explain our results regarding tenofovir; therefore, we cannot rule out its potential effect. In conclusion, renal function is remarkably stable over 7 years among cart-treated patients, and aging, as well as receipt of indinavir, is associated with early renal dysfunction. Clinicians should closely monitor renal function in cart-treated patients, especially in those who have been exposed to indinavir. Acknowledgments The authors thank the ANRS CO8 APROCO-COPILOTE Study Group. Financial support. The Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les hépatites virales (ANRS). Potential conflicts of interest. All authors: no conflicts. References 1. Gardner LI, Holmberg SD, Williamson JM, et al. Development of proteinuria or elevated serum creatinine and mortality in HIV-infected women. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2003; 32: Szczech LA, Hoover DR, Feldman JG, et al. Association between renal disease and outcomes among HIV-infected women receiving or not receiving antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 39: Gupta SK, Eustace JA, Winston JA, et al. Guidelines for the management of chronic kidney disease in HIV-infected patients: recommendations of the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 40: Izzedine H, Deray G. The nephrologist in the HAART era. AIDS 2007; 21: Krawczyk CS, Holmberg SD, Moorman AC, Gardner LI, McGwin G Jr. Factors associated with chronic renal failure in HIV-infected ambulatory patients. AIDS 2004; 18: Roling J, Schmid H, Fischereder M, Draenert R, Goebel FD. HIVassociated renal diseases and highly active antiretroviral therapy-induced nephropathy. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 42: Kalayjian RC, Franceschini N, Gupta SK, et al. Suppression of HIV-1 replication by antiretroviral therapy improves renal function in persons with low CD4 cell counts and chronic kidney disease. AIDS 2008; 22: Reid A, Stohr W, Walker AS, et al. Severe renal dysfunction and risk factors associated with renal impairment in HIV-infected adults in Africa initiating antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 46: Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB, Greene T, Rogers N, Roth D. A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group. Ann Intern Med 1999; 130: van Deventer HE, George JA, Paiker JE, Becker PJ, Katz IJ. Estimating glomerular filtration rate in black South Africans by use of the modification of diet in renal disease and Cockcroft-Gault equations. Clin Chem 2008; 54: Mocroft A, Kirk O, Gatell J, et al. Chronic renal failure among HIV- 1-infected patients. AIDS 2007; 21: Betjes MG, Verhagen DW. Stable improvement of renal function after initiation of highly active anti-retroviral therapy in patients with HIV- 1-associated nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002; 17: Szczech LA, Edwards LJ, Sanders LL, et al. Protease inhibitors are associated with a slowed progression of HIV-related renal diseases. Clin Nephrol 2002; 57: Szczech LA, Gange SJ, van der Horst C, et al. Predictors of proteinuria and renal failure among women with HIV infection. Kidney Int 2002; 61: Tashima KT, Horowitz JD, Rosen S. Indinavir nephropathy. N Engl J Med 1997; 336: Vigano A, Rombola G, Barbiano di Belgioioso G, Sala N, Principi N. Subtle occurrence of indinavir-induced acute renal insufficiency. AIDS 1998; 12: Boubaker K, Sudre P, Bally F, Vogel G, Meuwly JY, Glauser MP, et al. Changes in renal function associated with indinavir. AIDS 1998; 12: F Boyd MA, Siangphoe U, Ruxrungtham K, et al. The use of pharmacokinetically guided indinavir dose reductions in the management of indinavir-associated renal toxicity. J Antimicrob Chemother 2006; 57: Fux CA, Simcock M, Wolbers M, et al. Tenofovir use is associated with a reduction in calculated glomerular filtration rates in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Antivir Ther 2007; 12: Gayet-Ageron A, Ananworanich J, Jupimai T, et al. No change in calculated creatinine clearance after tenofovir initiation among Thai patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 2007; 59: Jones R, Stebbing J, Nelson M, et al. Renal dysfunction with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy regimens is not observed more frequently: a cohort and case-control study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2004; 37: Winston J, Deray G, Hawkins T, Szczech L, Wyatt C, Young B. Kidney disease in patients with HIV infection and AIDS. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 47: Gallant JE, Parish MA, Keruly JC, Moore RD. Changes in renal function associated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate treatment, compared with nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor treatment. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 40: Estrella M, Fine DM, Gallant JE, et al. HIV type 1 RNA level as a clinical indicator of renal pathology in HIV-infected patients. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 43: CID 2009:49 (15 December) HIV/AIDS
Update on HIV-Related Kidney Diseases. Agenda
Update on HIV-Related Kidney Diseases ANDY CHOI THE MEDICAL MANAGEMENT OF HIV/AIDS DECEMBER 15, 2006 Agenda 1. EPIDEMIOLOGY: A) END STAGE RENAL DISEASE (ESRD) B) CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD) 2. HIV-ASSOCIATED
More informationDifferences in Calculated Glomerular Filtration Rates (GFR) in Efavirenz (EFV) or Tenofovir (TDF)-treated Adults in ESS40006
13th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections Denver, CO, USA. February 5-9, 2006 Poster Number 777 Differences in Calculated Glomerular Filtration Rates (GFR) in Efavirenz (EFV) or Tenofovir
More informationProteinuria, Creatinine Clearance, and Immune Activation in Antiretroviral- Naive HIV-Infected Subjects
BRIEF REPORT Proteinuria, Creatinine Clearance, and Immune Activation in Antiretroviral- Naive HIV-Infected Subjects Samir K. Gupta, 1 Lauren Komarow, 2 Roy M. Gulick, 4 Richard B. Pollard, 5 Gregory K.
More informationAntiviral Therapy 13:
Antiviral Therapy 13:1091 1095 Short communication Cystatin C as a marker of renal function is affected by HIV replication leading to an underestimation of kidney function in HIV patients Stefan Mauss
More informationCurrent aspects of renal diseases in HIV infection. Eric DAUGAS Service de Néphrologie Hôpital Bichat Paris France
Current aspects of renal diseases in HIV infection Eric DAUGAS Service de Néphrologie Hôpital Bichat Paris France 1996 = HAART highly active antiretroviral therapy combination of three antiretroviral agents
More informationTenofovir plasma exposures and Creatinine Clearance changes in 1st line Regimen of African patients in Cameroon and Senegal: ANRS12115 DAYANA study
Abstract O_03 Tenofovir plasma exposures and Creatinine Clearance changes in 1st line Regimen of African patients in Cameroon and Senegal: ANRS12115 DAYANA study M.P. Lê Pharmacy Resident Clinical Pharmacology
More informationThis is the author s version of a work that was submitted/accepted for publication in the following source:
This is the author s version of a work that was submitted/accepted for publication in the following source: Kelly, Mark D., Gibson, Abby, Bartlett, Harry, Rowling, Diane, & Patten, John (2013) Tenofovir-associated
More informationSpecial Challenges and Co-Morbidities
Special Challenges and Co-Morbidities Renal Disease/ Hypertension/ Diabetes in African-Americans M. Keith Rawlings, MD Medical Director Peabody Health Center AIDS Arms, Inc Dallas, TX Chair, Internal Medicine
More informationShort communication Impact of tenofovir dose adjustment on both estimated glomerular filtration rate and tenofovir trough concentration
Antiviral Therapy 2017; 22:529 533 (doi: 10.3851/IMP3137) Short communication Impact of tenofovir dose adjustment on both estimated glomerular filtration rate and tenofovir trough concentration Sylvie
More informationRenal safety of tenofovir containing antiretroviral regimen in a Singapore cohort
Chua et al. AIDS Research and Therapy 2012, 9:19 SHORT REPORT Open Access Renal safety of tenofovir containing antiretroviral regimen in a Singapore cohort Arlene C Chua 1*, Ryan M Llorin 1, Kelvin Lai
More information9th IAS Conference on HIV Science (IAS 2017), July 23-26, 2017, Paris. Mark Mascolini
Maintenance With Raltegravir/Etravirine Strong at 48 Weeks in Older Adults - Efficacy of a Maintenance Strategy with Raltegravir/Etravirine : the ANRS 163 ETRAL trial 9th IAS Conference on HIV Science
More informationRenal safety of tenofovir in HIV-infected patients who switch from stavudine or zidovudine to tenofovir
Original Article Vol. 29 No. 3 Renal safety of tenofovir:- Wiwattanathum P & Sungkanuparph S. 113 Renal safety of tenofovir in HIV-infected patients who switch from stavudine or zidovudine to tenofovir
More informationTDF .*.* -** mg, ++,* -** mg HAART TDF HAART CMV +, +* +, +, -* ,**/ 2. BAL,**/ 3 / Pneumocystis jiroveci PCR ST +, +* 2. Kaposi HIV + + X HIV-RNA +,.
,**3 The Japanese Society for AIDS Research The Journal of AIDS Research TDF, +,, -. + -. : ST TDF HAART + : /0 HAART ST TDF, -TC, EFV TDF ++ Creat. -. +. mg/dl, BUN 0- mg/dl HAART TDF Creat. /*/. mgdl
More informationAntiviral Therapy 2012; 17: (doi: /IMP2093) UPMC Université de Paris 06, UMR_S938, INSERM, CDR Saint-Antoine, Paris, France 2
Antiviral Therapy 2012; 17:915 919 (doi: 10.3851/IMP2093) Short communication Circulating interleukin-6 levels correlate with residual HIV viraemia and markers of immune dysfunction in treatment-controlled
More informationPhase II clinical trial TEmAA. Didier Koumavi EKOUEVI, MD PhD (Principal Investigator)
The combination of Tenofovir-Emtricitabine (Truvada ): a new antiretroviral (ARV) regimen for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 (PMTCT) in resource-limited settings Phase II clinical
More informationCOMPETING INTEREST OF FINANCIAL VALUE
BHIVA AUTUMN CONFERENCE 2012 Including CHIVA Parallel Sessions Dr Ian Williams University College London Medical School COMPETING INTEREST OF FINANCIAL VALUE > 1,000: Speaker Name Statement Ian Williams
More informationTDF Renal Dysfunction
TDF Renal Dysfunction Sarala Naicker MBChB, FRCP, PhD Division of Nephrology Dept of Internal Medicine University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa SA HIV Clinician Society Conference Cape
More informationAntiviral Therapy 14:
Antiviral Therapy 14:451 457 Short communication CD4 + T-cell percentage is an independent predictor of clinical progression in AIDS-free antiretroviral-naive patients with CD4 + T-cell counts >200 cells/mm
More informationThe impact of antiretroviral drugs on renal function
The impact of antiretroviral drugs on renal function Professor Bruce Hendry Renal Medicine King s College London King s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust 1 DISCLOSURES: BRUCE HENDRY I have received
More informationImpact of Tenofovir on Renal Function in HIV-Infected, Antiretroviral-Naive Patients
CLINICAL SCIENCE Impact of Tenofovir on Renal Function in HIV-Infected, Antiretroviral-Naive Patients Michael Horberg, MD,* Beth Tang, MA, William Towner, MD, Michael Silverberg, PhD,* Susan Bersoff-Matcha,
More informationGlomerular filtration rates in HIV-infected patients treated with and without tenofovir: a prospective, observational study
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Advance Access published December 17, 2008 Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy doi:10.1093/jac/dkn499 Glomerular filtration rates in HIV-infected patients treated
More informationAntiviral Therapy 2015; 20: (doi: /IMP2949)
Antiviral Therapy 2015; 20:655 660 (doi: 10.3851/IMP2949) Short communication Risk of virological failure in HIV-1-infected patients experiencing low-level viraemia under active antiretroviral therapy
More informationPrevalence of Comorbidities among HIV-positive patients in Taiwan
Prevalence of Comorbidities among HIV-positive patients in Taiwan Chien-Ching Hung, MD, PhD Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan % of participants Comorbidity
More informationIs the new Mayo Clinic Quadratic (MCQ) equation useful for the estimation of glomerular filtration rate in type 2 diabetic patients?
Diabetes Care Publish Ahead of Print, published online October 3, 2008 The MCQ equation in DM2 patients Is the new Mayo Clinic Quadratic (MCQ) equation useful for the estimation of glomerular filtration
More informationShort communication Does HAART improve renal function? An association between serum cystatin C concentration, HIV viral load and HAART duration
Antiviral Therapy 11:641 645 Short communication Does HAART improve renal function? An association between serum cystatin C concentration, HIV viral load and HAART duration Jerzy Jaroszewicz, Alicja Wiercinska-Drapalo*,
More informationTitle:Impaired renal function and associated risk factors in newly diagnosed HIV-infected Adults in Gulu Hospital, Northern Uganda
Author's response to reviews Title:Impaired renal function and associated risk factors in newly diagnosed HIV-infected Adults in Gulu Hospital, Northern Uganda Authors: Pancras Odongo (odongopancras@gmail.com)
More informationTenofovir-induced nephrotoxicity: A retrospective cohort study
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Tenofovir-induced nephrotoxicity: A retrospective cohort study Hui Moon Koh, MClinPharm (UKM) 1, Suresh Kumar, MRCP (UK) 2 1 Department of Pharmacy, Sungai Buloh Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia,
More informationshort communication pre-existing albuminuria predicts AIDS and non-aids mortality in women initiating antiretroviral therapy
Antiviral Therapy 2011; 16:591 596 (doi: 10.3851/IMP1766) short communication pre-existing albuminuria predicts AIDS and non-aids mortality in women initiating antiretroviral therapy Christina M Wyatt
More informationRecent developments in HIV and the kidney Frank A. Post a and Stephen G. Holt b
Recent developments in HIV and the kidney Frank A. Post a and Stephen G. Holt b a Department of HIV/GU Medicine, King s College London, London and b Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust,
More informationRenal Impairment in Patients Receiving a Tenofovir-cART Regimen: Impact of Tenofovir Trough Concentration
BASIC AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE Renal Impairment in Patients Receiving a Tenofovir-cART Regimen: Impact of Tenofovir Trough Concentration Isabelle Poizot-Martin, MD,* Caroline Solas, PhD, Julie Allemand,
More informationX H I V / A I D S J o h n s H o p k i n s / B r a z i l April 11-13, 2012 Sofitel Rio de Janeiro Copacabana, Brazil
HIV and the Kidney Mohamed G. Atta, MD, MPH X H I V / A I D S J o h n s H o p k i n s / B r a z i l April 11-13, 2012 Sofitel Rio de Janeiro Copacabana, Brazil Objectives Multivariate hazard ratios for
More informationPersistent low-level HIV-1 RNA between 20 and 50 copies/ml in antiretroviral-treated patients: associated factors and virological outcome
J Antimicrob Chemother 2012; 67: 2231 2235 doi:10.1093/jac/dks191 Advance Access publication 29 May 2012 Persistent low-level HIV-1 RNA between 20 and 50 copies/ml in antiretroviral-treated patients: associated
More informationChanges in Renal Function Associated with Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Treatment, Compared with Nucleoside Reverse-Transcriptase Inhibitor Treatment
HIV/AIDS BRIEF REPORT Changes in Renal Function Associated with Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Treatment, Compared with Nucleoside Reverse-Transcriptase Inhibitor Treatment Joel E. Gallant, Michelle A.
More informationPlasma tenofovir trough concentrations are associated with renal dysfunction in Japanese patients with HIV infection: a retrospective cohort study
Kunimoto et al. Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences (2016) 2:22 DOI 10.1186/s40780-016-0056-5 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Plasma tenofovir trough concentrations are associated with renal
More informationTDF containing ART: Efficacy and Safety. Dr Lloyd B. Mulenga Adult Infectious Diseases Centre University Teaching Hospital Lusaka, Zambia
TDF containing ART: Efficacy and Safety Dr Lloyd B. Mulenga Adult Infectious Diseases Centre University Teaching Hospital Lusaka, Zambia 1 Indications Treatment of HIV-1 in combination with other antiretroviral
More informationViro-Immunological Response in HIV-1 Infected Patients with Multiple. Treatment Failures Receiving Raltegravir and Optimized Background Therapy,
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Viro-Immunological Response in HIV-1 Infected Patients with Multiple Treatment Failures Receiving Raltegravir and Optimized Background
More informationJMSCR Vol 3 Issue 10 Page October 2015
www.jmscr.igmpublication.org Impact Factor 3.79 ISSN (e)-2347-176x DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v3i10.20 Drugs Related Changes of Haemoglobin and CD4 Counts in HIV-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral
More informationStudy No.: Title: Rationale: Phase: Study Period: Study Design: Centres: Indication: Treatment: Objectives: Primary Outcome/Efficacy Variable:
The study listed may include approved and non-approved uses, formulations or treatment regimens. The results reported in any single study may not reflect the overall results obtained on studies of a product.
More informationIDSA GUIDELINES EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
IDSA GUIDELINES Guidelines for the Management of Chronic Kidney Disease in HIV-Infected Patients: Recommendations of the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America Samir K.
More informationHIV-HBV coinfection: Issues with treatment in 2018
HIV-HBV coinfection: Issues with treatment in 2018 Pr Karine Lacombe, INSERM UMR-S1136, IPLESP Infectious Diseases Dpt, St Antoine, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Paris, France Global epidemiology Same routes
More informationHIV Treatment Update. Awewura Kwara, MD, MPH&TM Associate Professor of Medicine and Infectious Diseases Brown University
HIV Treatment Update Awewura Kwara, MD, MPH&TM Associate Professor of Medicine and Infectious Diseases Brown University Outline Rationale for highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) When to start
More informationAntiretroviral treatment outcomes after the introduction of tenofovir in the public-sector in South Africa
Antiretroviral treatment outcomes after the introduction of tenofovir in the public-sector in South Africa Alana T Brennan, Kate Shearer, Mhairi Maskew, Prudence Ive, Ian Sanne, Matthew P Fox Health Economics
More informationSimilar Risk of Renal Events Among Patients Treated With Tenofovir or Entecavir for Chronic Hepatitis B
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY 2012;10:941 946 Similar Risk of Renal Events Among Patients Treated With Tenofovir or Entecavir for Chronic Hepatitis B ROBERT G. GISH,* MARGARET D. CLARK, STEVE
More informationALLHAT RENAL DISEASE OUTCOMES IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS STRATIFIED INTO 4 GROUPS BY BASELINE GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE (GFR)
1 RENAL DISEASE OUTCOMES IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS STRATIFIED INTO 4 GROUPS BY BASELINE GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE (GFR) 6 / 5 / 1006-1 2 Introduction Hypertension is the second most common cause of end-stage
More informationMortalité et Morbidité à l ère des traitements antirétroviraux dans les Pays du Nord
Mortalité et Morbidité à l ère des traitements antirétroviraux dans les Pays du Nord Laurence WEISS Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Université Paris-Descartes Paris, France Deaths per 100 Person-Years
More informationFrançois Raffi, 1 Christine Katlama, 2 Michael Saag, 3 Martin Wilkinson, 6 Jain Chung, 5 Lynn Smiley, 4 and Miklos Salgo 5
HIV/AIDS MAJOR ARTICLE Week-12 Response to Therapy as a Predictor of Week 24, 48, and 96 Outcome in Patients Receiving the HIV Fusion Inhibitor Enfuvirtide in the T-20 versus Optimized Regimen Only (TORO)
More informationReal Life Experience of Dolutegravir and Lamivudine Dual Therapy As a Switching Regimen in HIVTR Cohort
Real Life Experience of Dolutegravir and Lamivudine Dual Therapy As a Switching Regimen in HIVTR Cohort Yagci-Caglayik D 1, Gokengin D 2, Inan A 3, Ozkan-Ozdemir H 4, Inan D 5, Akbulut A 6, Korten V 1,
More informationSpontaneous Control of Viral Replication during Primary HIV Infection: When Is HIV Controller Status Established?
HIV/AIDS BRIEF REPORT Spontaneous Control of Viral Replication during Primary HIV Infection: When Is HIV Controller Status Established? Cécile Goujard, 1,2 Marie-Laure Chaix, 3 Olivier Lambotte, 1,2 Christiane
More informationSupplemental Digital Content 1. Combination antiretroviral therapy regimens utilized in each study
Supplemental Digital Content 1. Combination antiretroviral therapy regimens utilized in each study Study Almeida 2011 Auld 2011 Bassett 2012 Bastard 2012 Boulle 2008 (a) Boulle 2008 (b) Boulle 2010 Breen
More informationClinical Commissioning Policy: Use of cobicistat (Tybost ) as a booster in treatment of HIV positive adults and adolescents
Clinical Commissioning Policy: Use of cobicistat (Tybost ) as a booster in treatment of HIV positive adults and adolescents 1 Clinical Commissioning Policy: Use of cobicistat (Tybost ) as a booster in
More informationSINGLE. Efficacy and safety of dolutegravir (DTG) in treatment-naïve subjects
SINGLE Efficacy and safety of dolutegravir (DTG) in treatment-naïve subjects SE/HIV/0023/14 January 2014 PHASE III DTG TRIALS IN TREATMENT-NAÏVE ADULT SUBJECTS WITH HIV SINGLE 1 N=833 Phase III non-inferiority,
More informationSupplementary Appendix
Supplementary Appendix This appendix has been provided by the authors to give readers additional information about their work. Supplement to: Wanner C, Inzucchi SE, Lachin JM, et al. Empagliflozin and
More information3rd IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment. Poster Number Abstract #
3rd IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment 24 27 July 2005, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Poster Number Abstract # TuFo0106 TuFo0106 Characterization of Anemia in HIV-infected (HIV+) Subjects Treated
More informationA Study on Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate As A Predictor of Renal Dysfunction Among Adult Hiv Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-issn: 2279-0853, p-issn: 2279-0861.Volume 16, Issue 10 Ver. IX (Oct. 2017), PP 28-34 www.iosrjournals.org A Study on Estimated Glomerular Filtration
More informationThe prevalence of renal impairment among adults with early HIV disease in Blantyre, Malawi
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE The prevalence of renal impairment among adults with early HIV disease in Blantyre, Malawi G M Struik MSc*, R A den Exter MSc*, C Munthali BSc MLT, D Chipeta MBBS FCP (SA), J
More informationAssociation between Renal Disease and Outcomes among HIV-Infected Women Receiving or Not Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy
MAJOR ARTICLE HIV/AIDS Association between Renal Disease and Outcomes among HIV-Infected Women Receiving or Not Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy Lynda Anne Szczech, 1 Donald R. Hoover, 2 Joseph G. Feldman,
More informationegfr > 50 (n = 13,916)
Saxagliptin and Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Moderate or Severe Renal Impairment: Observations from the SAVOR-TIMI 53 Trial Supplementary Table 1. Characteristics according
More informationAssessment of glomerular filtration rate in healthy subjects and normoalbuminuric diabetic patients: validity of a new (MDRD) prediction equation
Nephrol Dial Transplant (2002) 17: 1909 1913 Original Article Assessment of glomerular filtration rate in healthy subjects and normoalbuminuric diabetic patients: validity of a new () prediction equation
More informationBHIVA Workshop: When to Start. Dr Chloe Orkin Dr Laura Waters
BHIVA Workshop: When to Start Dr Chloe Orkin Dr Laura Waters Aims To use cases to: Review new BHIVA guidance Explore current data around when to start To discuss: Medical decisions, pros and cons Luigi
More informationEffects of cobicistat on tenofovir exposure and its long-term tolerability: is it time to rethink at TAF trials?
Effects of cobicistat on tenofovir exposure and its long-term tolerability: is it time to rethink at TAF trials? Sara Baldelli 1, Andrea Giacomelli 2, Davide Minisci 2, Cristina Mazzali 3, Laura Milazzo
More informationRenal disease in HIV infected patients at University of Benin Teaching Hospital in Nigeria
Renal disease in HIV infected patients at University of Benin Teaching Hospital in Nigeria *Okafor UH 1, Unuigbe EI 2, Ojogwu LI 2, Oviasu E 2, Wokoma FS 3 1. Enugu State University Teaching Hospital,
More informationEffect of HAART on growth parameters and absolute CD4 count among HIV-infected children in a rural community of central Nigeria
Niger J Paed 2014; 41 (1): 1-6 Ebonyi AO Oguche S Dablets E Sumi B Yakubu E Sagay AS ORIGINAL Effect of HAART on growth parameters and absolute CD4 count among HIV-infected children in a rural community
More informationTenofovir use is associated with a reduction in calculated glomerular filtration rates in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Antiviral Therapy 12:1165 1173 Tenofovir use is associated with a reduction in calculated glomerular filtration rates in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study Christoph A Fux 1 *, Mathew Simcock 2,3, Marcel Wolbers
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY DATA. Supplementary Figure S1. Cohort definition flow chart.
Supplementary Figure S1. Cohort definition flow chart. Supplementary Table S1. Baseline characteristics of study population grouped according to having developed incident CKD during the follow-up or not
More informationEU-Risk Management Plan for Emtricitabine/Tenofovir (NL/H/3635/001/DC and NL/H/3636/001/DC) V1.3
VI.2 Elements for a public summary 200 mg/245 mg film-coated tablets VI.2.1 Overview of disease epidemiology HIV-1 infection In this decade, the global prevalence of HIV-1 infection stabilized
More informationAbstract PS8/2. Double-blind treatment phase D/C/F/TAF. + matching D/C + F/TDF placebo D/C/F/TAF. D/C + F/TDF + matching D/C/F/TAF placebo
WEEK 8 RESULTS OF AMBER: A PHASE 3, RANDOMISED, DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL IN ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT (ART)-NAÏVE HIV--INFECTED ADULTS TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF THE ONCE-DAILY, SINGLE-TABLET REGIMEN
More informationRisk factors for active tuberculosis following antiretroviral treatment initiation in Abidjan
Risk factors for active tuberculosis following antiretroviral treatment initiation in Abidjan Catherine Seyler, Siaka Toure, Eugène Messou, Dominique Bonard, Delphine Gabillard, Xavier Anglaret Online
More informationObjectives. Pre-dialysis CKD: The Problem. Pre-dialysis CKD: The Problem. Objectives
The Role of the Primary Physician and the Nephrologist in the Management of Chronic Kidney Disease () By Brian Young, M.D. Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
More informationValidation of El-Minia Equation for Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Different Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease
Kidney Diseases Validation of El-Minia Equation for Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Different Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease Osama El Minshawy, 1 Eman El-Bassuoni 2 Original Paper 1 Department
More informationDarunavir STADA 400, 600 and 800 mg film-coated tablets , Version 1.1 PUBLIC SUMMARY OF THE RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN
Darunavir STADA 400, 600 and 800 mg film-coated tablets 7.9.2016, Version 1.1 PUBLIC SUMMARY OF THE RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN VI.2 Elements for a public summary VI.2.1 Overview of disease epidemiology Human
More informationACCEPTED. Title Page: Full Title: Elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF in HIV-Infected Patients with Mild. to Moderate Renal Impairment
JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes Publish Ahead of Print DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000476 Title Page: Full Title: Elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF in HIV-Infected
More informationSummary of treatment benefits
VI.2 Elements for a public summary VI.2.1 Overview of disease epidemiology Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) attacks the cells of the immune system, the body's natural defense against germs and other
More informationArticles. Funding Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA et les hépatites (ANRS), INSERM, and the French Ministry of Health.
Effect of immunodeficiency, HIV viral load, and antiretroviral therapy on the risk of individual malignancies (FHDH-ANRS CO4): a prospective cohort study Marguerite Guiguet, François Boué, Jacques Cadranel,
More informationSupplementary Data. Supplementary Table S2. Antiretroviral Therapies Taken with Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir
Supplementary Data Statistical Analysis Due to the limited number of patients with acute kidney injury and concern for model overfitting, covariates included in multivariable logistic regression analyses
More informationSupervised Treatment Interruption (STI) in an Urban HIV Clinical Practice: A Prospective Analysis.
Supervised Treatment Interruption (STI) in an Urban HIV Clinical Practice: A Prospective Analysis. J.L. YOZVIAK 1, P. KOUVATSOS 2, R.E. DOERFLER 3, W.C. WOODWARD 3 1 Philadelphia College of Osteopathic
More informationHighly active antiretroviral (ARV) therapy (HAART) has dramatically
ORIGINAL STUDIES Pattern and Predictors of Immunologic Recovery in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children Receiving Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Based Highly Active Antiretroviral
More informationLê MP, 1,2 Cournil A, 3 Kouanfack C, 4 Lem S, 5 Le Gac S, 5 Delaporte E, 3 Peytavin G, 1,2 for the NAMSAL study group
Lê MP, 1,2 Cournil A, 3 Kouanfack C, 4 Lem S, 5 Le Gac S, 5 Delaporte E, 3 Peytavin G, 1,2 for the NAMSAL study group 1 AP-HP, Hopital Bichat, Pharmacology-Toxicology, Paris, France, 2 IAME, UMR 1137,
More informationQUICK REFERENCE FOR HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS
KEY MESSAGES 1 SCREENING CRITERIA Screen: Patients with DM and/or hypertension at least yearly. Consider screening patients with: Age >65 years old Family history of stage 5 CKD or hereditary kidney disease
More informationSupplementary Appendix
Supplementary Appendix This appendix has been provided by the authors to give readers additional information about their work. Supplement to: Rough K, Seage GR III, Williams PL, et al. Birth outcomes for
More informationEmtricitabine / Tenofovir disoproxil Stada 200 mg/245 mg film-coated tablets , Version 1.3 PUBLIC SUMMARY OF THE RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN
Emtricitabine / Tenofovir disoproxil Stada 200 mg/245 mg film-coated tablets 30.5.2016, Version 1.3 PUBLIC SUMMARY OF THE RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN VI.2 Elements for a public summary Emtricitabine / Tenofovir
More informationAGING KIDNEY IN HIV DISEASE
AGING KIDNEY IN HIV DISEASE Michael G. Shlipak, MD, MPH Professor of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCSF Chief, General Internal Medicine, San Francisco VA Medical Center Kidney, Aging and HIV
More informationPneumococcal pneumonia in HIV-infected patients by antiretroviral therapy periods
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2008.00546.x r 2008 British HIV Association HIV Medicine (2008), 9, 203 207 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Pneumococcal pneumonia in HIV-infected patients by antiretroviral therapy periods
More informationSupplementary Material*
Supplementary Material* Park LS, Tate JP, Sigel K, Brown ST, Crothers K, Gibert C, et al. Association of Viral Suppression With Lower AIDS-Defining and Non AIDS-Defining Cancer Incidence in HIV-Infected
More informationGSK Medicine: Study Number: Title: Rationale: Phase: Study Period: Study Design: Centres: Indication: Treatment: Objectives:
The study listed may include approved and non-approved uses, formulations or treatment regimens. The results reported in any single study may not reflect the overall results obtained on studies of a product.
More informationPlasma HIV-1 RNA Detection Below 50 Copies/mL and Risk of Virologic Rebound in Patients Receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
HIV/AIDS MAJOR ARTICLE Plasma HIV-1 RNA Detection Below 50 Copies/mL and Risk of Virologic Rebound in Patients Receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Tomas Doyle, 1,3 Colette Smith, 4 Paola Vitiello,
More informationFrailty Predicts Recurrent but Not Single Falls 10 Years Later in HIV+ and HIV- Women
Frailty Predicts Recurrent but Not Single Falls 10 Years Later in HIV+ and HIV- Women Anjali Sharma, Deborah Gustafson, Donald R Hoover, Qiuhu Shi, Michael W Plankey, Phyllis C Tien, Kathleen Weber, Michael
More informationOriginal article Life expectancy after initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy in Thailand
Antiviral Therapy 2017; 22:393 402 (doi: 10.3851/IMP3121) Original article Life expectancy after initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy in Thailand Sirinya Teeraananchai 1,2 *, Suchada Chaivooth
More informationCLINICAL PEARLS OF NEW HIV MEDICATIONS PHARMACIST OBJECTIVES TECHNICIAN OBJECTIVES. At the end of this presentation pharmacists will be able to:
CLINICAL PEARLS OF NEW HIV MEDICATIONS Cindy Lou Zoellner, PharmD, BCPS Added Qualifications in Infectious Diseases Senior Clinical Pharmacy Specialist in HIV Parkland Health & Hospital System Volunteer
More informationThe availability and cost are obstacles to using pvl in monitoring HIV treatment outcomes in resource-constrained settings
Impact of the frequency of plasma viral load monitoring on treatment outcome among perinatally HIVinfected Asian children stable on first-line NNRTI-based cart T Sudjaritruk, DC Boettiger, NV Lam, KAM
More informationJMSCR Vol 4 Issue 07 Page July 2016
earliest reports of kidney disease in HIV infection were published in the 1980s; retrospectively, these subsequently became recognized as HIVwww.jmscr.igmpublication.org Impact Factor 5.244 Index Copernicus
More informationChapter Two Renal function measures in the adolescent NHANES population
0 Chapter Two Renal function measures in the adolescent NHANES population In youth acquire that which may restore the damage of old age; and if you are mindful that old age has wisdom for its food, you
More informationPrevalence of Kidney Disease in HIV- Infected and Uninfected Rwandan Women
Prevalence of Kidney Disease in HIV- Infected and Uninfected Rwandan Women The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation
More informationHIV/AIDS CLINICAL CARE QUALITY MANAGEMENT CHART REVIEW CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED IMMUNOLOGIC STATUS
HIV/AIDS CLINICAL CARE QUALITY MANAGEMENT CHART REVIEW CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH LOW CD4 COUNTS IN 2008 AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED IMMUNOLOGIC STATUS FROM 2004 THROUGH 2008 For the Boston
More informationTenofovir disoproxil STADA 245 mg film-coated tablets , Version 1.2 PUBLIC SUMMARY OF THE RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN
Tenofovir disoproxil STADA 245 mg film-coated tablets 9.3.2016, Version 1.2 PUBLIC SUMMARY OF THE RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN VI.2 Elements for a public summary VI.2.1 Overview of disease epidemiology HIV-1 infection
More informationThe Seventh Report of the Joint National Commission
The Effect of a Lower Target Blood Pressure on the Progression of Kidney Disease: Long-Term Follow-up of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Mark J. Sarnak, MD; Tom Greene, PhD; Xuelei Wang,
More informationAntiretroviral Dosing in Renal Impairment
Protease Inhibitors (PIs) Atazanavir Reyataz hard capsules 300 mg once daily taken with ritonavir 100 mg once daily No dosage adjustment is needed for atazanavir in renal impairment Atazanavir use in haemodialysis
More informationHIV 101: Overview of the Physiologic Impact of HIV and Its Diagnosis Part 2: Immunologic Impact of HIV and its Effects on the Body
HIV 101: Overview of the Physiologic Impact of HIV and Its Diagnosis Part 2: Immunologic Impact of HIV and its Effects on the Body Melissa Badowski, PharmD, BCPS, AAHIVP Clinical Assistant Professor University
More informationOriginal article Use of glomerular filtration rate estimating equations for drug dosing in HIV-positive patients
Antiviral Therapy 2013; 18:793 802 (doi: 10.3851/IMP2676) Original article Use of glomerular filtration rate estimating equations for drug dosing in HIV-positive patients Aghogho A Okparavero 1, Hocine
More informationSafety Profile of Viread and Truvada. Ian McGowan, MD PhD FRCP Cape Town MTN Regional Meeting September, 2008
Safety Profile of Viread and Truvada Ian McGowan, MD PhD FRCP Cape Town MTN Regional Meeting September, 2008 Overview Safety assessment in drug development Physiology 101 Renal Bone Liver Safety profile
More informationSoo LIM, MD, PHD Internal Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
Soo LIM, MD, PHD Internal Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Agenda Association between Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Importance of HbA1c Management esp. High risk patients
More information