2016 myresearch Science Internship Program: Radiology. Civic Education Office of Government and Community Relations

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1 2016 myresearch Science Internship Program: Radiology Civic Education Office of Government and Community Relations

2 Kayla Siladi Science Internship Program: Radiology

3 Pediatric Computed Tomography Scans and the Associated Lifetime Cancer Risk Kayla Siladi Mark Puletti, BS, RT (R) Beverly Brinker

4 Abstract Knowledge of the risk of radiation would prevent future cancers The effective dose of radiation should be reduced, especially for children More data should be collected going forward

5 Background Computed tomography (CT) scans are common imaging exams Use radiation to analyze internal structure May cause cell damage The younger the patient is, the higher their risk of developing cancer

6 Problem/Purpose More people are beginning research to study the exact dose of radiation that is needed for the scan to be successful, while not putting the patient in danger

7 Hypothesis By providing information about pediatric CT scan risks, we can identify ways to reduce effective radiation dose and reduce the number of radiationinduced cancers

8 Methodology A literature review of journal articles pertaining to pediatric CT scans and lifetime cancer risk was conducted The results of the studies were summarized to inform the public on the risk of CT scans and radiation-induced cancer

9 Data Age Related Risk

10 Data Gender Related Risk

11 Results Type of Scan

12 Results Amount of Radiation

13 Conclusions Effective radiation dose during pediatric CT usage is a problem and should be researched more in depth Reduction of effective dose of radiation would lead to a reduction of radiation-induced cancers

14 Recommendations Observation of patients throughout their life following receipt of a pediatric CT scan and recording cancer cases Conducting more research in the future focused on Researching and reducing effective dose Having more controls in place in future studies

15 References Berrington de González, A., Mahesh, M., Kim, K.-P., Bhargavan, M., Lewis, R., Mettler, F., & Land, C. (2009). Projected cancer risks from computed tomographic scans performed in the united states in JAMA Internal Medicine, 169(22). Brenner, D. J., Elliston, C. D., Hall, E. J., & Berdon, W. E. (2001). Estimated risks of radiation-induced fatal cancer from pediatric CT. American Journal of Roentgenology, 176(2). Lee, C. I., Haims, A. H., Monico, E. P., Brink, J. A., & Forman, H. P. (2004). Diagnostic CT scans: Assessment of patient, physician, and radiologist awareness of radiation dose and possible risks. RSNA Radiology, 231(2). Mathews, J. D., Forsythe, A. V., Brady, Z., Butler, M. W., Goergen, S. K., Byrnes, G. B.,... Darby, S. C. (2013). Cancer risk in people exposed to computed tomography scans in childhood or adolescence: Data linkage study of 11 million Australians. BMJ, 346. Miglioretti, D. L., Johnson, E., Williams, A., Greenlee, R. T., Weinmann, S., Solberg, L. I.,... Smith-Bindman, R. (n.d.). The use of computed tomography in pediatrics and the associated radiation exposure and estimated cancer risk. Smith-Bindman, R., Lipson, J., Marcus, R., Kim, K.-P., Mahesh, M., Gould, R.,... Miglioretti, D. L. (2009). Radiation dose associated with common computed tomography examinations and the associated lifetime attributable risk of cancer. JAMA Internal Medicine, 169(22).

16 References (Cont.) Sodickson, A., Baeyens, P. F., Andriole, K. P., Prevedello, L. M., Nawfel, R. D., Hanson, R., & Khorasani, R. (2009). Recurrent CT, cumulative radiation exposure, and associated radiation-induced cancer risks from CT of adults. RSNA Radiology, 251(1). YY, K., HJ, S., MJ, K., & MJ, L. (2016). Comparison of effective radiation doses from X-ray, CT, and PET/CT in pediatric patients with neuroblastoma using a dose monitoring program. Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, 390(4). Retrieved from PubMed database.

17 Special Thanks Mark Puletti, BS, RT (R) Beverly Brinker Hospital Transport Team Peer Group Imanni Williams (my peer mentor) The Office of Government and Community Relations Civic Education Department Nedra Starling, MA, MPH, ABD/DrPH

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