Chemicals and Health: Preventing Cancer through TUR. Dick Clapp Lowell Center for Sustainable Production November 13, 2012
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1 Chemicals and Health: Preventing Cancer through TUR Dick Clapp Lowell Center for Sustainable Production November 13, 2012
2 Outline of presentation Background on rates and causes of cancer Cancer as a multi-factorial disease Opportunities for prevention Camp Lejeune water contamination and cancer studies President s Cancer Panel report
3 Current Mechanistic Understanding Source: Hanahan D and Weinberg R. The Hallmarks of Cancer. Cell 2000;100:57-70
4 Current Mechanistic Understanding Source: Hanahan D and Weinberg R. The Hallmarks of Cancer. Cell 2000;100:57-70
5
6 International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Evaluations of agents, mixtures, and exposures (as of Sept. 2012) Total agents evaluated 953 Carcinogenic to humans 108 Probably carcinogenic to humans 64 Possibly carcinogenic to humans 272 Not classifiable 508 Probably not carcinogenic to humans 1 Source: International Agency for Research on Cancer.
7 Childhood cancers: diet, exercise & smoking?
![Childhood Leukemias: Documented Links Ionizing radiation [Strong] Chlorinated solvents [Good] Metal dusts [Good] Specific Pesticides [Good] Secondhand smoke [Good]](/docs-images/87/95883778/images/8-6.jpg "Trichloroethylene (TCE) [Good] Pesticides [Good] Source: Solomon G, Schettler T, Janssen S. CHE Toxicant and Disease Database. Accessed 9-17-12: http://database.")
8 Childhood Leukemias: Documented Links Ionizing radiation [Strong] Chlorinated solvents [Good] Metal dusts [Good] Specific Pesticides [Good] Secondhand smoke [Good] Trichloroethylene (TCE) [Good] Pesticides [Good] Source: Solomon G, Schettler T, Janssen S. CHE Toxicant and Disease Database. Accessed :
9 Childhood Brain Cancer: Documented Links Ionizing radiation [Strong] Dichlorvos [Good] Lindane [Good] Second-hand smoke [Good] Solvents [Good] Pesticides [Good} Source: Solomon G, Schettler T, Janssen S. CHE Toxicant and Disease Database. Accessed :
10 Camp Lejeune, NC Drinking Water Contamination
11 Camp Lejeune, NC water contamination studies TCE, Perc, benzene and other exposures in 1950s through 1985 at Marine training base; drinking water system modeled Hundreds of thousands of veterans and dependents exposed to contaminated drinking water (low ppb to 1,600 ppb of TCE) ATSDR studies began in 1997; Community Assistance Panel formed in 2006
12 Camp Lejeune studies, cont. Marines and families (see website called The Few, The Proud, The Forgotten ) driving the process Community Assistance Panel work with ATSDR has been extraordinary Congress passed legislation in 2012 to compensate veterans and family members
13 Camp Lejeune studies, cont. Cohort follow-up study comparing Camp Lejeune to Camp Pendleton veterans near completion Health survey requested by CAP Marines publicized ATSDR (contractor) survey in order to recruit participants Male breast cancer case-control study begun Over 80 cases of male breast cancer identified VA cancer registry involved in case identification
14 A New Approach to Cancer Prevention in the US: the President s Cancer Panel With input from Molly Jacobs, Richard Clapp, David Kriebel, Jeanne Rizzo, Michael Lerner, Ted Schettler, Charlotte Brody
15 U.S. President s Cancer Panel What is it? Function statement: To monitor the development and execution of the activities of the National Cancer Program, and report directly to the President. 3 member panel appointed by the President Previous Chair: Dr. LeSalle Lefall, Professor of Surgery, Howard University College of Medicine Previous Member: Dr. Margaret Kripke, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Management and support services provided by NIH
16 Industrial and Manufacturing Exposures Presenting Experts: Richard Clapp Devra Davis Adam Finkel Elizabeth Fontham David Kriebel Philip Landrigan Christopher Portier Paul Schulte Jeanne Stellman Daniel Wartenberg Frank Mirer Jeanne Rizzo
17 The true burden of environmentally induced cancers has been grossly underestimated. Pres.Obama: Use the power of your office to remove the carcinogens and other toxins from our food, water, and air that needlessly increase healthcare costs, cripple our nation s productivity and devastate American lives.
18 Solutions going forward A precautionary prevention-oriented approach should replace current reactionary approaches to environmental contaminants in which human harm must be proven before action is taken to reduce or eliminate exposure
19 Green chemistry initiatives and research, including process redesign, should be pursued and supported more aggressively Solutions going forward
20 Lowell Center Materials
21 Richard W. Clapp, D.Sc. Genevieve K. Howe, MPH Molly M. Jacobs, MPH Ed Loechler, Ph.D. September 2005 And Update October
22 Other recent research Neurological disease and toxic exposures Lou Gehrig s Disease among semiconductor workers Potential link to solvent exposure Parkinson s Disease and farm work Potential link to pesticide exposure Neurobehavioral effects in Gulf War veterans Khamisiyah nerve gas exposure altered psychomotor and visuospatial abilities
23
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