Nutrient requirement of marine fish larvae for essential fatty acids and phospholipids

Transcription

1 Nutrient requirement of marine fish larvae for essential fatty acids and phospholipids S96 A % n- n- HUFAn-6 n-6 HUFA [1] 1.2 n- HUFA n-9 n-6 n- n-6 AA204n-6 n- DHA226n- [2,] 2 n- HUFA 2.1 n- HUFA n- HUFA n- HUFA DHA EPA [4] DHA EPA DHA EPA [5] n- HUFA 68% 0% [6] n- HUFA (1946- ) liujk@ms.qdio.ac.cn Marine Sciences/Vol.0,No.11/

2 8.4 mg/g n-hufa 0.8 mg/g22 d 4 [7] 1 (Calanoid copepods) (Artemia) * % 226n- 205n- 204n-6 18n- 182n-6 181n * 88%+12% 2.2 n- HUFA n- HUFA [(Chlorella sp.)(isochrysis galbana)] Watanabe n-hufa 12 h n-hufa n-hufa [8] n-hufa [9] 2. n-hufa Izquirerdo [10] n-hufa n-hufa 10 d n-hufa n-hufa 2 [11] 2.4 DHA EPA n-hufa DHA DHA EPA DHA [4] DHA [12] DHA EPA 8 d DHA EPA [1] DHA EPA EPA DHA 2 n-hufa n-hufa %.5.0 DHAEPA DHAEPA.9 DHAEPA DHAEPA /2006 / 0 / 11

3 2.5 DHA EPA Rodriguez n-hufa DHA EPA 17 DHA n-hufa 0% DHA EPA DHA/EPA 2./1 n-hufa DHAEPA DHA EPA n-hufa [14~16] DHA EPA 0 d DHA EPA 2. [17] 2.6 n-hufa DHA EPA n-hufa DHA [18,19] DHA [20] DHA [21] Reitan [22] DHA/EPA 2/1 DHA EPA 2/1 [2] n-hufa 0% 8% 2% 10 1cm d 1% 10% n-hufa DHA DHA 2.7 n-hufa n-hufa DHA EPA n-hufa Izquierdo [24] n-hufa 85% n-hufa [25] n-hufa n-hufa 0% 75%+25% n-hufa n-hufa 70% n-hufa 15 d n-hufa DHA n-hufa DHA n-hufa DHA n-hufa DHA [26] 25 d n-6hufa n-6 AA204n-6 n-6hufa AA AA DHA EPA AA 0.1% 1.0% AA [27] Castell AA [28] 14%/ 11 1% AA 1% DHA 1% Marine Sciences/Vol.0,No.11/

4 AA+DHA11 1%AA 1%DHA 1% DHA AA 18n- EPA DHA EPA DHA n-6 182n-6 n- Bell [29] n-6hufa PI AA C 14 AA Henderson [0] AA EPA AA AA DHAEPA Zheng [1] AA.7%7.6%Gadus morhus AA 0.5% AA AA [2] AA (Paralichthys olivaceus) 26 AA 1.5% AA AA AA AA EPA EPA [] AA/EPA AA/EPA AA/EPA [4] DHA 4.2 Fraser (PC)(PE) d 41 1 d 1.81 [5] Teshima (Chlorella pacifica) 4.0%4.5% 7%8% 42% 7%9% 78 /2006 / 0 / 11

5 [6] 4. Kanazawa [7] d 5% d [8] 8% A 2% B 2% / 15 d A 70.5% B 50.4% A B A B 4.4 (d) (%) 4.8 mm mm mg mm mg mm 50 5 [1] Sargent J R. Lipid nutrition of marine fish during early development: current status and future directions [J]. Aquaculture, 1999, 179: [2] Falk P S, Falk P I B, Sargent J R, et al. Lipid class and fatty acid composition of eggs from the Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) [J]. Aquaclture, 1986, 52: [] Mourente G, Rodriguez A, Tocher D R, et al. Effects of dietary doco-sahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22: 6n-) on lipid and fatty acid compositions and growth in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) larvae during first feeding [J]. Aquaculture, 199, 112: [4] Watanabe T, Izquierdo M S, Takeuchi T, et al. Comparison between eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in terms of essential fatty acid efficacy in larval red sea bream [J]. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 1989, 55: [5] Dendrinos P, Thorpe J P. Experiments on the artificial regulation of amino acid and fatty acid contents of food organisms to meet the assessed nutritional requirements of larval, post-larval and juvenile Dover sole (Solea solea L.) [J]. Aquaculture, 1987, 61: [6] Ostrowski A C, Divakaran S. Survival and bioconversion of n- fatty acids during early development of dolphin (Coryphaena hippurus) larvae fed oil-enriched rotifers [J]. Aquaculture, 1990, 89: [7] Koven W M, Tandler A, Kissil G Wm, et al. The effect of dietary (n-) polyunsaturated fatty acid on growth, survival and swim bladder development in Sparus aurata larvae [J]. Aquaculture, 1990, 91: [8] Watanabe T, Tamiya T, Oka A, et al. Improvement of dietary value of live foods for fish larvae by feeding them on n- highly unsaturated fatty acids and fat soluble vitamins [J]. Marine Sciences/Vol.0,No.11/

6 Bull Jpn Soc Sci Fish, 198, 49(): [9] Lemm C A, Lemaria D P. Survival and growth of larval striped bass (Morone saxatilis) fed Artemia enriched with highly unsaturated fatty acids [J]. Nutr Absts Rev (series B), 1992, 62(2): 928. [10] Izquierdo M S, Watanabe T, Takeuchin Arkawa T, et al. Optimal levels in Artemia to meet the EFA requirements of red seabream (Pagrus major)[a]. Takeda M, Watanabe T. The Current Status of Fish Nutrition in Aquaculture [C]. Tokyo: Japan Trabskatuib Cebter, Ltd, [11] Watanabe T. Prospects in larval fish dietetics [J]. Aquaculture, 1994, 124: [12] Takeuchi T. Dietary value to larval red seabream of Artemia nauplii enriched EPA and DHA [A]. Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries. Annual meeting of Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries (Abstracts) [C]. Tokyo: Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries, [1] Toyota M, Takeuchi T, Watanabe T. Dietary value to larval yellowtail of Artemia nauplii enriched with EPA and DHA[A]. Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries. Annual meeting of Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries (Abstracts) [C]. Tokyo: Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries, [14] Rodriguez C. n-hufa requirement of larval gilthead seabream Sparus aurata when using high level of eicos-apentaenoic acid [J]. Comp Biochem Physiol, 1994, 107A: [15] Rodriguez C. The effect of n-hufa proportions in diets for gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) larval culture [J]. Aquaculture, 1994,124: 284. [16] Rodriguez C. Influence of the EPA/DHA ratio in rotifers on gilthead seabream Sparus aurata) larval development [J]. Aquaculture, 1997, 150: [17]. DHA EPA [J] (2): [18] Mourente G, Tocher D R, Sargent J R. Specific accumulation of docosahexaenoic acid (22: 6n-) in brain lipids during development of juvenile turbot Scophthalmas maximus L. [J]. Lipids, 1991, 26: [19] Mourente G. Rodriguez A, Tocher D R, et al. Effects of dietary doco-sabexaenoic acid )DHA; 22:6n-) on lipid and fatty acid compositions and growth in gilthead seabrem (Sparus aurata L.) larvae during first feeding [J]. Aquaculture, 199, 112: [20] Bell M V, Batty R S, Dick J R, et al. Dietary deficiency of docosahexaenoic acid impairs vision at low ligh intensities in juvenile herring (Clupea harengus L.) [J]. Lipids, 1995, 0 : [21] Kanazawa A. Nutritional mechanisms involved in the occurrence of abnormal pigmentation in hatcheryreared flatfish [J]. J World Aquacul Soc, 199, 24: [22] Reitan K I, Rainuzzo J R, Olsen Y. Influence of lipid composition of live feed on growth, survival and pigmentation of turbot larvae [J]. Aquacult Int, 1994, 2: -48. [2]. [J] (11): [24] Izquierdo M S, Watanabe T, Takeuchi A T, et al. Requirement of larval red seabream Pagrus major for essential fatty acids [J]. Nippon Suisan Gakkaish, 1989, 55: [25]. n-hufa [J] (12): [26]. n-hufa [J] (6): [27] Bessonart M, Izquierdo M S, Salhi M, et al. Effect of dietary arachidonic acid levels on growth and survival of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) larvae [J]. Aquaculture, 1999, 179: [28] Castell J D, Bell J G, Tocher D R, et al. Effects of purified diets containing different combinations of archidonic and docosahexaenoic acid on survival, growth and fatty acid composition of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maxinus) [J]. Aquaculture, 1994, 128: 15-. [29] Bell J G, Castell J, Tocher D R, et al. Effects of different 80 /2006 / 0 / 11

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