About This Chapter. Hormones The classification of hormones Control of hormone release Hormone interactions Endocrine pathologies Hormone evolution
|
|
- Christiana Bradley
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 About This Chapter Hormones The classification of hormones Control of hormone release Hormone interactions Endocrine pathologies Hormone evolution
2 Hormones: Function Control Rates of enzymatic reactions Transport of ions or molecules across cell membranes Gene expression and protein synthesis
3 Hormones Have Been Known Since Ancient Times Diseases of endocrine system have been documented Classic steps to identify an endocrine gland and the hormone they produce: Remove the suspected gland Replace the hormone Create hormone excess
4 Figure 7.1 An endocrine disorder in ancient art
5 Figure Hormones
6 ifgure Hormones
7 Figure Hormones
8 Figure Hormones
9 Figure Hormones
10 Hormones Cell-to-cell communication molecules Chemical signals Secreted by a cell or group of cells into the blood Transported by blood Distant target tissue receptors Growth factors act at short distance Activates physiological response at low concentrations Ectohormones are released into the environment Pheromones: Elicit physiological or behavioral response on other organisms of the same species
11 Hormones Cellular mechanism of action Depends on binding to target cell receptors Initiates biochemical responses Hormone action must be terminated Half-life indicates length of activity
12 Hormones: Classification by Chemical Class Peptide or protein hormones Steroid hormones Amino acid derived or amine hormones
13
14 Hormones: Peptides or Proteins Preprohormone Large, inactive precursor Prohormone Smaller, inactive Proteolytic, post-translational modification Peptide/protein hormones Transport in the blood and half-life Bind surface membrane receptors Cellular response through signal transduction system
15 Figure 7.3 Peptide Hormone Synthesis and Processing
16 Figure 7.3 Peptide Hormone Synthesis and Processing Slide 1 mrna Preprohormone Ribosome Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Messenger RNA on the ribosomes binds amino acids into a peptide chain called a preprohormone. The chain is directed into the ER lumen by a signal sequence of amino acids. Signal sequence Prohormone Transport vesicle Enzymes in the ER chop off the signal sequence, creating an inactive prohormone. The prohormone passes from the ER through the Golgi complex. Golgi complex Secretory vesicle Active hormone Secretory vesicles containing enzymes and prohormone bud off the Golgi. The enzymes chop the prohormone into one or more active peptides plus additional peptide fragments. Cytoplasm Peptide fragment ECF Release signal The secretory vesicle releases its contents by exocytosis into the extracellular space. Plasma Capillary endothelium To target The hormone moves into the circulation for transport to its target.
17 Figure 7.3 Peptide Hormone Synthesis and Processing Slide 2 mrna Preprohormone Ribosome Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Messenger RNA on the ribosomes binds amino acids into a peptide chain called a preprohormone. The chain is directed into the ER lumen by a signal sequence of amino acids. Cytoplasm ECF Plasma Capillary endothelium
18 Figure 7.3 Peptide Hormone Synthesis and Processing Slide 3 mrna Preprohormone Ribosome Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Messenger RNA on the ribosomes binds amino acids into a peptide chain called a preprohormone. The chain is directed into the ER lumen by a signal sequence of amino acids. Signal sequence Prohormone Enzymes in the ER chop off the signal sequence, creating an inactive prohormone. Cytoplasm ECF Plasma Capillary endothelium
19 Figure 7.3 Peptide Hormone Synthesis and Processing Slide 4 mrna Preprohormone Ribosome Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Messenger RNA on the ribosomes binds amino acids into a peptide chain called a preprohormone. The chain is directed into the ER lumen by a signal sequence of amino acids. Signal sequence Prohormone Transport vesicle Enzymes in the ER chop off the signal sequence, creating an inactive prohormone. The prohormone passes from the ER through the Golgi complex. Golgi complex Cytoplasm ECF Plasma Capillary endothelium
20 Figure 7.3 Peptide Hormone Synthesis and Processing Slide 5 mrna Preprohormone Ribosome Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Messenger RNA on the ribosomes binds amino acids into a peptide chain called a preprohormone. The chain is directed into the ER lumen by a signal sequence of amino acids. Signal sequence Prohormone Transport vesicle Enzymes in the ER chop off the signal sequence, creating an inactive prohormone. The prohormone passes from the ER through the Golgi complex. Golgi complex Secretory vesicle Active hormone Secretory vesicles containing enzymes and prohormone bud off the Golgi. The enzymes chop the prohormone into one or more active peptides plus additional peptide fragments. Cytoplasm Peptide fragment ECF Plasma Capillary endothelium
21 Figure 7.3 Peptide Hormone Synthesis and Processing Slide 6 mrna Preprohormone Ribosome Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Messenger RNA on the ribosomes binds amino acids into a peptide chain called a preprohormone. The chain is directed into the ER lumen by a signal sequence of amino acids. Signal sequence Prohormone Transport vesicle Enzymes in the ER chop off the signal sequence, creating an inactive prohormone. The prohormone passes from the ER through the Golgi complex. Golgi complex Secretory vesicle Active hormone Secretory vesicles containing enzymes and prohormone bud off the Golgi. The enzymes chop the prohormone into one or more active peptides plus additional peptide fragments. Cytoplasm Peptide fragment ECF Release signal The secretory vesicle releases its contents by exocytosis into the extracellular space. Plasma Capillary endothelium
22 Figure 7.3 Peptide Hormone Synthesis and Processing Slide 7 mrna Preprohormone Ribosome Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Messenger RNA on the ribosomes binds amino acids into a peptide chain called a preprohormone. The chain is directed into the ER lumen by a signal sequence of amino acids. Signal sequence Prohormone Transport vesicle Enzymes in the ER chop off the signal sequence, creating an inactive prohormone. The prohormone passes from the ER through the Golgi complex. Golgi complex Secretory vesicle Active hormone Secretory vesicles containing enzymes and prohormone bud off the Golgi. The enzymes chop the prohormone into one or more active peptides plus additional peptide fragments. Cytoplasm Peptide fragment ECF Release signal The secretory vesicle releases its contents by exocytosis into the extracellular space. Plasma Capillary endothelium To target The hormone moves into the circulation for transport to its target.
23 Figure 7.3a Peptide Hormone Synthesis and Processing
24 Figure 7.3b Peptide Hormone Synthesis and Processing
25 Figure 7.3c Peptide Hormone Synthesis and Processing
26 Figure 7.4 Peptide hormone receptors and signal transduction
27 Hormones: Steroid Cholesterol-derived Made only in a few organs: adrenal glands and gonads Lipophilic and easily cross membranes Made as needed, not stored Bind carrier proteins in blood Longer half-life Cytoplasmic or nuclear receptors Genomic effect to activate or repress genes for protein synthesis Slower acting Cell membrane receptors Nongenomic responses
28 Figure 7.5a Steroid Hormones
29 Figure 7.5b Steroid hormones act primarily on intracellular receptors. Slide 1 Blood vessel Steroid hormone Cell surface receptor Most hydrophobic steroids are bound to plasma protein carriers. Only unbound hormones can diffuse into the target cell. Rapid responses Protein carrier Nucleus Steroid hormone receptors are in the cytoplasm or nucleus. Cytoplasmic receptor Nuclear receptor Some steroid hormones also bind to membrane receptors that use second messenger systems to create rapid cellular responses. DNA Interstitial fluid Cell membrane Endoplasmic reticulum Transcription produces mrna The receptor-hormone complex binds to DNA and activates or represses one or more genes. Activated genes create new mrna that moves back to the cytoplasm. New proteins Translation Translation produces new proteins for cell processes.
30 Figure 7.5b Steroid hormones act primarily on intracellular receptors. Slide 2 Blood vessel Most hydrophobic steroids are bound to plasma protein carriers. Only unbound hormones can diffuse into the target cell. Protein carrier Nucleus Interstitial fluid Cell membrane
31 Figure 7.5b Steroid hormones act primarily on intracellular receptors. Slide 3 Blood vessel Steroid hormone Most hydrophobic steroids are bound to plasma protein carriers. Only unbound hormones can diffuse into the target cell. Protein carrier Nucleus Steroid hormone receptors are in the cytoplasm or nucleus. Cytoplasmic receptor Nuclear receptor Interstitial fluid Cell membrane
32 Figure 7.5b Steroid hormones act primarily on intracellular receptors. Slide 4 Blood vessel Steroid hormone Cell surface receptor Most hydrophobic steroids are bound to plasma protein carriers. Only unbound hormones can diffuse into the target cell. Rapid responses Protein carrier Nucleus Steroid hormone receptors are in the cytoplasm or nucleus. Cytoplasmic receptor Nuclear receptor Some steroid hormones also bind to membrane receptors that use second messenger systems to create rapid cellular responses. Interstitial fluid Cell membrane
33 Figure 7.5b Steroid hormones act primarily on intracellular receptors. Slide 5 Blood vessel Steroid hormone Cell surface receptor Most hydrophobic steroids are bound to plasma protein carriers. Only unbound hormones can diffuse into the target cell. Rapid responses Protein carrier Nucleus Steroid hormone receptors are in the cytoplasm or nucleus. Cytoplasmic receptor Nuclear receptor DNA Some steroid hormones also bind to membrane receptors that use second messenger systems to create rapid cellular responses. Interstitial fluid The receptor-hormone complex binds to DNA and activates or represses one or more genes. Cell membrane
34 Figure 7.5b Steroid hormones act primarily on intracellular receptors. Slide 6 Blood vessel Steroid hormone Cell surface receptor Most hydrophobic steroids are bound to plasma protein carriers. Only unbound hormones can diffuse into the target cell. Rapid responses Protein carrier Nucleus Steroid hormone receptors are in the cytoplasm or nucleus. Cytoplasmic receptor Nuclear receptor DNA Some steroid hormones also bind to membrane receptors that use second messenger systems to create rapid cellular responses. Interstitial fluid The receptor-hormone complex binds to DNA and activates or represses one or more genes. Cell membrane Transcription produces mrna Activated genes create new mrna that moves back to the cytoplasm. Translation
35 Figure 7.5b Steroid hormones act primarily on intracellular receptors. Slide 7 Blood vessel Steroid hormone Cell surface receptor Most hydrophobic steroids are bound to plasma protein carriers. Only unbound hormones can diffuse into the target cell. Rapid responses Protein carrier Nucleus Steroid hormone receptors are in the cytoplasm or nucleus. Cytoplasmic receptor Nuclear receptor Some steroid hormones also bind to membrane receptors that use second messenger systems to create rapid cellular responses. DNA Interstitial fluid Cell membrane Endoplasmic reticulum Transcription produces mrna The receptor-hormone complex binds to DNA and activates or represses one or more genes. Activated genes create new mrna that moves back to the cytoplasm. New proteins Translation Translation produces new proteins for cell processes.
36 Hormones: Amino Acid Derived, or Amine Derived from one of two amino acids Tryptophan; melatonin Tyrosine: catecholamines (epinephrine, dopamine) and thyroid homones
37 Hormones: Amino Acid Derived, or Amine Amine hormones: Examples Melatonin Catecholamines Epinephrine Norepinephrine Dopamine Thyroid hormones
38 Figure 7.6 Amine hormones Tyrosine is the parent amino acid for catecholamines and thyroid hormones. FIGURE QUESTION Determine how each catecholamine molecule differs from the tyrosine molecule. Catecholamines are made by modifying the side groups of tyrosine. Thyroid hormones are synthesized from two tyrosines and iodine (I) atoms. Dopamine Thyroxine (Tetraiodothyronine, T 4 ) Norepinephrine Epinephrine Triiodothyronine (T 3 )
39 Endocrine Reflex Pathways Stimulus Sensor Input signal Integration Output (efferent) signal (hormone in blood) Targets Response physiological action Negative feedback Simple endocrine reflexes use endocrine cells as receptors Many endocrine reflexes involve the nervous system Neurohormones are secreted by neurons in blood
40 Figure 7.7a Simple endocrine pathways
41 Figure 7.7b Simple endocrine pathways
Endocrine System. Chapter 7
Endocrine System Chapter 7 15 Endocrine Endocrine System: System Cont. collection of structures (glands,cells) which secrete hormones directly into the Chapter 7 circulation to affect metabolism, reproduction,
More informationChapter 6 Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis
Chapter 6 Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis About This Chapter Cell-to-cell communication Signal pathways Novel signal molecules Modulation of signal pathways Homeostatic reflex pathways Cell-to-Cell
More informationIntroduction to the Endocrine System
1 About This Chapter 2 Chapter 7a Hormones Introduction to the Endocrine System The classification of hormones Control of hormone release Hormone interactions Endocrine pathologies Hormone evolution Hormones:
More informationGoals and Challenges of Communication. Communication and Signal Transduction. How Do Cells Communicate?
Goals and Challenges of Communication Reaching (only) the correct recipient(s) Imparting correct information Timeliness Causing the desired effect Effective termination Communication and Signal Transduction
More informationGeneral Principles of Endocrine Physiology
General Principles of Endocrine Physiology By Dr. Isabel S.S. Hwang Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong The major human endocrine glands Endocrine glands and hormones
More informationMECHANISM AND MODE OF HORMONE ACTION. Some definitions. Receptor: Properties of receptors. PRESENTED BY MBUNKUR GLORY NKOSI.
MECHANISM AND MODE OF HORMONE ACTION. PRESENTED BY MBUNKUR GLORY NKOSI. OUTLINE. Introduction Some definitions Hormone secretion, transport, and clearance from the blood. Feedback control of hormone secretion.
More informationPhysiological processes controlled by hormones?
: the study of hormones, their receptors, the intracellular signaling pathways they invoke, and the diseases and conditions associated with them. What are hormones? Major endocrine glands? Fig 7-2 Physiological
More informationClose to site of release (at synapse); binds to receptors in
Chapter 18: The Endocrine System Chemical Messengers 1. Neural 2. Endocrine 3. Neuroendocrine 4. Paracrine 5. Autocrine Endocrine System --Endocrine and nervous systems work together --Endocrine vs. Nervous
More informationINTRODUCTION TO THE BIOCHEMISTRY OF HORMONES AND THEIR RECPTORS
INTRODUCTION TO THE BIOCHEMISTRY OF HORMONES AND THEIR RECPTORS 1 Introduction to the Biochemistry of Hormones and their Receptors Lectuctre1 Sunday 17/2/ Objectives: 1. To understand the biochemical nature
More informationBIOL 2458 A&P II CHAPTER 18 SI Both the system and the endocrine system affect all body cells.
BIOL 2458 A&P II CHAPTER 18 SI 1 1. Both the system and the endocrine system affect all body cells. 2. Affect on target cells by the system is slow. Affect on target cells by the system is fast. INTERCELLULAR
More informationHormones, Receptors and Receptor-Hormone Interactions
Classification of Hormones Hormones, Receptors and Receptor-Hormone Interactions Synthesis of Protein Hormones and Amine Hormones Hormone Activity Locations of Receptors Mechanisms of Hormone Action Types
More informationCh 11: Endocrine System
Ch 11: Endocrine System SLOs Describe the chemical nature of hormones and define the terms proand prepro-hormone. Explain mechanism of action of steroid and thyroid hormones Create chart to distinguish
More informationLaith Abu Shekha. Omar Sami. Ebaa Alzayadneh
24 Laith Abu Shekha Omar Sami Ebaa Alzayadneh Signal Transduction Please note that it s very important to refer to the slides. Introduction: Through these five lectures, we should know the basics of signal
More informationOmran Saeed. Mamoon Mohammad alqtamin. Ebaa ALzayadneh
52 Omran Saeed Mamoon Mohammad alqtamin Ebaa ALzayadneh Revision: *classification the signals according to the location of their receptors: (signals have receptors either) 1 transmembrane receptors ( integral
More informationChapter 9. The Endocrine System. Lecture Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor Florence-Darlington Technical College Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 9 The Endocrine System Lecture Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor Florence-Darlington Technical College Intro to the Endocrine System Chief Complaint:8-year-old girl with excessive thirst, frequent
More informationCell Communication. Local and Long Distance Signaling
Cell Communication Cell to cell communication is essential for multicellular organisms Some universal mechanisms of cellular regulation providing more evidence for the evolutionary relatedness of all life
More informationReceptors Functions and Signal Transduction L1- L2
Receptors Functions and Signal Transduction L1- L2 Faisal I. Mohammed, MD, PhD University of Jordan 1 Introduction to Physiology (0501110) Spring 2013 Subject Receptors: types and adaptation - Membrane
More informationEndocrine System Hormones
Endocrine System Hormones 2007-2008 Regulation Why are hormones needed? chemical messages from one body part to another communication needed to coordinate whole body homeostasis & regulation metabolism
More informationChapter 16: Endocrine System 1
Ch 16 Endocrine System Bi 233 Endocrine system Endocrine System: Overview Body s second great controlling system Influences metabolic activities of cells by means of hormones Slow signaling Endocrine glands
More informationIntroduction to the Endocrine System
7 Introduction to the Endocrine System ormones ormones ave Been Known Since Ancient Times What Makes a Chemical a ormone? ormones Act by Binding to Receptors ormone Action Must Be Terminated The Classification
More informationGENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM FIGURE 17.1
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM FIGURE 17.1 1. The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete chemical signals, called hormones, into the blood. In addition, other organs and cells
More informationReceptors Functions and Signal Transduction- L4- L5
Receptors Functions and Signal Transduction- L4- L5 Faisal I. Mohammed, MD, PhD University of Jordan 1 PKC Phosphorylates many substrates, can activate kinase pathway, gene regulation PLC- signaling pathway
More informationMonday, 7 th of July 2008 ( ) University of Buea MED30. (GENERAL ENDOCRINOLOGY) Exam ( )
.. Monday, 7 th of July 2008 (8 30-11. 30 ) Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea MED30 304 Programme in Medicine (GENERAL ENDOCRINOLOGY) Exam (2007-2008).. Multiple Choice Identify the letter
More informationPlasma membranes. Plasmodesmata between plant cells. Gap junctions between animal cells Cell junctions. Cell-cell recognition
Cell Communication Cell Signaling Cell-to-cell communication is essential for multicellular organisms Communicate by chemical messengers Animal and plant cells have cell junctions that directly connect
More informationChapter 20. Endocrine System Chemical signals coordinate body functions Chemical signals coordinate body functions. !
26.1 Chemical signals coordinate body functions Chapter 20 Endocrine System! Hormones Chemical signals Secreted by endocrine glands Usually carried in the blood Cause specific changes in target cells Secretory
More informationThree stages of the Signal- Transduction Pathway
Typical Signal Transduction Pathway Typical Signal Transduction Pathway Endocrine & Cell Communication Part III: Hormonal Communication Enduring Understanding 3.D Cells communicate by generating, transmitting
More informationThe Endocrine System. The Endocrine System
The Endocrine System Like nervous system, endocrine system provides communication and control. Messages are relayed from one cell to another via chemical messengers (hormones). Unlike nervous system which
More informationHormones. Prof. Dr. Volker Haucke Institut für Chemie-Biochemie Takustrasse 6
Hormones Prof. Dr. Volker Haucke Institut für Chemie-Biochemie Takustrasse 6 Tel. 030-8385-6920 (Sekret.) 030-8385-6922 (direkt) e-mail: vhaucke@chemie.fu-berlin.de http://userpage.chemie.fu-berlin.de/biochemie/aghaucke/teaching.html
More informationChp. 17 FUNCTIONAL ORG. Char.of the Endocrine System
Chp. 17 FUNCTIONAL ORG. Char.of the Endocrine System Glands that secrete chemical signals (hormones) into circulatory system Hormone characteristics Produced in small quantities Secreted into intercellular
More informationChapter 41. Lecture 14. Animal Hormones. Dr. Chris Faulkes
Chapter 41 Lecture 14 Animal Hormones Dr. Chris Faulkes Animal Hormones Aims: To appreciate the variety and roles of hormones in the body To understand the basic types of hormones To understand how hormones
More informationArt labeling Activity: Figure 16.1
ANP 1105D Winter 2013 Assignment 6 part I: The Endocrine Sy... Assignment 6 part I: The Endocrine System, Chapter 16 Due: 11:59pm on Monday, March 4, 2013 Note: To understand how points are awarded, read
More informationEndocrine secretion cells secrete substances into the extracellular fluid
Animal Hormones Concept 30.1 Hormones Are Chemical Messengers Endocrine secretion cells secrete substances into the extracellular fluid Exocrine secretion cells secrete substances into a duct or a body
More informationHomeostatic Control Systems
Homeostatic Control Systems In order to maintain homeostasis, control system must be able to Detect deviations from normal in the internal environment that need to be held within narrow limits Integrate
More informationChapter 17. Lecture and Animation Outline
Chapter 17 Lecture and Animation Outline To run the animations you must be in Slideshow View. Use the buttons on the animation to play, pause, and turn audio/text on or off. Please Note: Once you have
More informationBIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH.45 - ENDOCRINE SYSTEM.
!! www.clutchprep.com Chemical signals allow cells to communicate with each other Pheromones chemical signals released to the environment to communicate with other organisms Autocrine signaling self-signaling,
More informationBCM 226 LECTURE SALEMCITY, A.J
BCM 226 LECTURE SALEMCITY, A.J BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANE Biological membranes are composed of proteins associated with a lipid bilayer matrix. They are the molecular gateway to the cell. Viewed under electron
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Key Concepts in Chapter 11. Cellular Messaging. Cell-to-cell communication is essential for multicellular organisms
Chapter 11 Cell Communication Dr. Wendy Sera Houston Community College Biology 1406 Key Concepts in Chapter 11 1. External signals are converted to responses within the cell. 2. Reception: A signaling
More informationCampbell's Biology: Concepts and Connections, 7e (Reece et al.) Chapter 26 Hormones and the Endocrine System Multiple-Choice Questions
Campbell's Biology: Concepts and Connections, 7e (Reece et al.) Chapter 26 Hormones and the Endocrine System 26.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Hormones are chemicals produced by the endocrine system that
More informationChapter 26. Hormones and the Endocrine System. Lecture by Edward J. Zalisko
Chapter 26 Hormones and the Endocrine System PowerPoint Lectures for Biology: Concepts & Connections, Sixth Edition Campbell, Reece, Taylor, Simon, and Dickey Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Lecture
More informationChapter 17: Functional Organization of the Endocrine System
Chapter 17: Functional Organization of the Endocrine System I. General Characteristics of the Endocrine System A. Terminology 1. What does the term endocrine imply? 2. Endocrine glands secrete 3. A hormone
More informationBy the name of Allah
By the name of Allah Receptors function and signal transduction ( Hormones and receptors Types) We were talking about receptors of the neurotransmitters; we have 2 types of receptors: 1- Ionotropic receptors
More informationHORMONES (Biomedical Importance)
hormones HORMONES (Biomedical Importance) Hormones are the chemical messengers of the body. They are defined as organic substances secreted into blood stream to control the metabolic and biological activities.
More informationHORMONES AND CELL SIGNALLING
HORMONES AND CELL SIGNALLING TYPES OF CELL JUNCTIONS CHEMICAL SIGNALS AND MODES OF ACTION Endocrine system produces chemical messages = hormones that are transported from endocrine gland to target cell
More informationChapter 26 Hormones and the
Chapter 6 Hormones and the Endocrine System Introduction In lions, the hormone testosterone promotes the development and maintenance of male traits including growth and maintenance of the mane and increased
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition. Lectures by Chris Romero. Neil Campbell and Jane Reece
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero Overview: The Cellular Internet Cell-to-cell communication Is absolutely
More informationChapter 11. Cell Communication
Chapter 11 Cell Communication Overview: The Cellular Internet Cell-to-cell communication Is absolutely essential for multicellular organisms Concept 11.1: External signals are converted into responses
More informationChapter 20 Endocrine System
Chapter 20 Endocrine System The endocrine system consists of glands and tissues that secrete Hormones are chemicals that affect other glands or tissues, many times far away from the site of hormone production
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationReceptors Functions and Signal Transduction L1- L2
Receptors Functions and Signal Transduction L1- L2 Faisal I. Mohammed, MD, PhD University of Jordan 1 Introduction to Physiology (0501110) Summer 2012 Subject Lecture No. Lecturer Pages in the 11 th edition.
More informationBIOH111. o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system o Integumentary system
BIOH111 o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system o Integumentary system Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 1 Textbook and required/recommended
More informationEndocrine Notes Mrs. Laux AP Biology I. Endocrine System consists of endocrine glands (ductless), cells, tissues secrete hormones
I. Endocrine System consists of endocrine glands (ductless), cells, tissues secrete hormones regulates metabolism, fluid balance, growth, reproduction A. Hormones 1. chemical signals-cell to cell communication
More informationCell Biology Lecture 9 Notes Basic Principles of cell signaling and GPCR system
Cell Biology Lecture 9 Notes Basic Principles of cell signaling and GPCR system Basic Elements of cell signaling: Signal or signaling molecule (ligand, first messenger) o Small molecules (epinephrine,
More informationEndocrine system. Coordination & regulation Glands Hormones
Endocrine system Coordination & regulation Glands Hormones Endocrine system structures Anatomy - Dispersed system of glands that communicate with each other & all body cells via hormones. Endocrine glands:
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationChapter 17: Functional Organization of the Endocrine System
Chapter 17: Functional Organization of the Endocrine System AP2 Chapter 17 Pg 586 1 Chapter 17 Outline I. General Characteristics of the Endocrine System II. Chemical structure of hormones III. Control
More informationHomeostasis. Endocrine System Nervous System
Homeostasis Endocrine System Nervous System 2004-2005 Regulation Why are hormones needed? chemical messages from one body part to another communication needed to coordinate whole body homeostasis & regulation
More informationENDOCRINOLOGY COORDINATION OF PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES:
ENDOCRINOLOGY COORDINATION OF PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES: -In a living organism there must be coordination of number of physiological activities taking place simultaneously such as: movement, respiration,
More informationEndocrine System. Chapter 20. Endocrine Glands and Hormones. The Endocrine System. Endocrine glands
Chapter 20 Endocrine System Endocrine Glands and Hormones The endocrine system consists of glands and tissues that secrete hormones Hormones are chemicals that affect other glands or tissues, many times
More informationExplain that each trna molecule is recognised by a trna-activating enzyme that binds a specific amino acid to the trna, using ATP for energy
7.4 - Translation 7.4.1 - Explain that each trna molecule is recognised by a trna-activating enzyme that binds a specific amino acid to the trna, using ATP for energy Each amino acid has a specific trna-activating
More informationBIOLOGY. Cell Communication CAMPBELL. Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson. Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson 11 Cell Communication Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick Cellular Messaging Cells can signal to
More informationEndocrine System Hormones (Ch. 45)
Endocrine System Hormones (Ch. 45) Regulation Why are hormones needed? chemical messages from one body part to another communication needed to coordinate whole body daily homeostasis & regulation of large
More informationHormones. Bởi: OpenStaxCollege
Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Although a given hormone may travel throughout the body in the bloodstream, it will affect the activity only of its target cells; that is, cells with receptors for that particular
More informationThe Endocrine System. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Jason LaPres. Lone Star College North Harris
18 The Endocrine System PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Jason LaPres Lone Star College North Harris NOTE: Presentations extensively modified for use in MCB 244 & 246 at the University of Illinois
More informationEndocrine System Hormones. AP Biology
Endocrine System Hormones 2007-2008 Regulation Why are hormones needed? u chemical messages from one body part to another u communication needed to coordinate whole body u daily homeostasis & regulation
More informationLQB383 Testbank. Week 8 Cell Communication and Signaling Mechanisms
LQB383 Testbank Week 8 Cell Communication and Signaling Mechanisms Terms to learn match the terms to the definitions --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
More informationLecture 11, 27 Sept 2005 Chapter 14 & 15. Vertebrate Physiology ECOL 437 (aka MCB 437, VetSci 437) University of Arizona Fall 2005
Lecture 11, 27 Sept 2005 Chapter 14 & 15 Vertebrate Physiology ECOL 437 (aka MCB 437, VetSci 437) University of Arizona Fall 2005 instr: Kevin Bonine t.a.: Kristen Potter 1 Vertebrate Physiology 437 Chapter
More informationThe Endocrine System. Hormone =
The Endocrine System Hormone = Types: peptide or protein = at least 3 amino acids steroid = derived from cholesterol amine = derived from single amino acids (tryptophan, tyrosine) Peptide Hormones Synthesis/transport/half-life
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Overview: The Cellular Internet
Chapter 11 Cell Communication Overview: The Cellular Internet Cell-to-cell communication is essential for multicellular organisms Biologists have discovered some universal mechanisms of cellular regulation
More informationNROSCI/BIOSC 1070 and MSNBIO 2070 September 11, 2017 Control Mechanisms 2: Endocrine Control
NROSCI/BIOSC 1070 and MSNBIO 2070 September 11, 2017 Control Mechanisms 2: Endocrine Control Hormones are chemical messengers that are secreted into the blood by endocrine cells or specialized neurons.
More informationZool 3200: Cell Biology Exam 4 Part I 2/3/15
Name: Key Trask Zool 3200: Cell Biology Exam 4 Part I 2/3/15 Answer each of the following questions in the space provided, explaining your answers when asked to do so; circle the correct answer or answers
More informationEndocrine pharmacology (3)
بسم رلا هللا Endocrine pharmacology (3) Natural hormone characterized by short of action : a lot of them ineffective orally ( for example ), but when we give it from outside it enters the body exactly
More informationHomeostasis Through Chemistry. The Endocrine System Topic 6.6
Homeostasis Through Chemistry The Endocrine System Topic 6.6 Comparing NS & ES Animals have two systems of internal communication and regulation The nervous system Response time: Fast, quick Signals: electrical
More informationAP Biology
Tour of the Cell (1) 2007-2008 Types of cells Prokaryote bacteria cells - no organelles - organelles Eukaryote animal cells Eukaryote plant cells Cell Size Why organelles? Specialized structures - specialized
More information8/26/13. Announcements
Announcements THM questions will start for points on Wednesday. Make sure you are registered correctly! Problems registering for BioPortal? Make sure you are using the link from the syllabus or FAQ. 30
More informationStructure & Function of Cells
Anatomy & Physiology 101-805 Unit 4 Structure & Function of Cells Paul Anderson 2011 Anatomy of a Generalised Cell Attached or bound ribosomes Cilia Cytosol Centriole Mitochondrion Rough endoplasmic reticulum
More informationHormones and the Endocrine System Chapter 45. Intercellular communication. Paracrine and Autocrine Signaling. Signaling by local regulators 11/26/2017
Hormones and the Endocrine System Chapter 45 Intercellular communication Endocrine signaling Local regulators Paracrine and autocrine signaling Neuron signaling Synaptic and neuroendocrine signaling Paracrine
More informationSequoia Education Systems, Inc. 1
Functional Diagnostic Medicine Training Program Module 7 * FDMT561A Introduction to Functional Endocrinology Wayne L. Sodano, D.C., D.A.B.C.I. & Ron Grisanti, D.C., D.A.B.C.O., M.S. Limbic System Stress
More informationHormones and the Endocrine System
Chapter 45 Hormones and the Endocrine System PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions
More informationCell Communication. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationCells & Tissues. Chapter 3
Cells & Tissues Chapter 3 Cell Theory Cell is structural and functional unit of life Activity of an organism is dependent upon its cells Principle of Complementarity functions of cells are dependent upon
More informationThe Endocrine System PART A
9 The Endocrine System PART A PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB The Endocrine System
More informationNOTES: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (CH 9)
NOTES: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (CH 9) Endocrine System *The endocrine system consists of a range of glands and tissues throughout the body Functions of the Endocrine System: 1) Maintain balance within body (homeostasis)
More information4/23/2018. Endocrine System: Overview. Endocrine System: Overview
Endocrine System: Overview With nervous system, coordinates and integrates activity of body cells Influences metabolic activities via hormones transported in blood Response slower but longer lasting than
More informationEndocrine system. Coordination & regulation Glands Hormones
Endocrine system Coordination & regulation Glands Hormones Endocrine system structures Anatomy - Dispersed system of glands that communicate with each other & all body cells via hormones. Endocrine glands:
More informationCell communication. S Cellbiosystems Olli-Pekka Koistinen
Cell communication S-114.2500 Cellbiosystems Olli-Pekka Koistinen 28.11.2007 Cell communication Cellbiosystems? What does it mean? Large groups of cells interacting with each other? Complex cell communication
More informationChapter 20. Cell - Cell Signaling: Hormones and Receptors. Three general types of extracellular signaling. endocrine signaling. paracrine signaling
Chapter 20 Cell - Cell Signaling: Hormones and Receptors Three general types of extracellular signaling endocrine signaling paracrine signaling autocrine signaling Endocrine Signaling - signaling molecules
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology. Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationPractice Exam 2 MCBII
1. Which feature is true for signal sequences and for stop transfer transmembrane domains (4 pts)? A. They are both 20 hydrophobic amino acids long. B. They are both found at the N-terminus of the protein.
More informationIntracellular Compartments and Protein Sorting
Intracellular Compartments and Protein Sorting Intracellular Compartments A eukaryotic cell is elaborately subdivided into functionally distinct, membrane-enclosed compartments. Each compartment, or organelle,
More informationIntroduction to hormones & neurotransmitters. Prof K Syed Department of Biochemistry & Microbiology University of Zululand Room no.
Introduction to hormones & neurotransmitters Prof K Syed Department of Biochemistry & Microbiology University of Zululand Room no. 247 Topics Major systems of human body Glands Hormones vs neurotransmitters
More information2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. PROTEIN SORTING. Lecture 10 BIOL 266/ Biology Department Concordia University. Dr. S.
PROTEIN SORTING Lecture 10 BIOL 266/4 2014-15 Dr. S. Azam Biology Department Concordia University Introduction Membranes divide the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells into distinct compartments. The endomembrane
More informationChapter 3 Review Assignment
Class: Date: Chapter 3 Review Assignment Multiple Choice 40 MC = 40 Marks Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following organelles produces transport
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationMohammad Tarek. Wahab Al-tekreeti Tamer Barakat. Faisal Mohammad
15 Mohammad Tarek Wahab Al-tekreeti Tamer Barakat Faisal Mohammad Things to remember Types of synapse: Neuron types and neurotransmitters When it happens between an axon and dendrites it is called axodendritic
More informationType 1 Diabetes 2/23/2015. Endocrine System Hormones. Living with Type 1 Diabetes
Endocrine System Hormones 2007-2008 Living with Type 1 Diabetes Type 1 Diabetes results from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin- producing beta-cells in the pancreas. The lack of insulin leads to
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) All of the following are synthesized along various sites of the endoplasmic reticulum
More informationAyman Mesleh & Leen Alnemrawi. Bayan Abusheikha. Faisal
24 Ayman Mesleh & Leen Alnemrawi Bayan Abusheikha Faisal We were talking last time about receptors for lipid soluble hormones.the general mechanism of receptors for lipid soluble hormones: 1. Receptors
More informationThe endocrine system -- a brief overview.
The endocrine system -- a brief overview. I. Introduction - the endocrine system is an integration system that influences the metabolic activities of cells. - acts via hormones, chemical messengers produced
More informationANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH. 6 - CELL COMMUNICATION.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: CELL-TO-CELL CONNECTIONS AND SIGNALING Gap and Tight Junctions: Adjacent cells communicate and hold on to each other via junctions. Two important kinds: Gap Junctions are
More informationBIOLOGY. CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS Fourth Edition. Neil A. Campbell Jane B. Reece Lawrence G. Mitchell Martha R. Taylor. CHAPTER 26 Chemical Regulation
BIOLOGY CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS Fourth Edition Neil A. Campbell Jane B. Reece Lawrence G. Mitchell Martha R. Taylor CHAPTER 26 Chemical Regulation Modules 26.1 26.5 From PowerPoint Lectures for Biology:
More information