CHEM-E1160 Biomass Pretreatment and Fractionation in Laboratory. Session 4: Workshop I Production Plan instructions

Transcription

1 CHEM-E1160 Biomass Pretreatment and Fractionation in Laboratory Session 4: Workshop I Production Plan instructions

2 Topics of this session Discussion about laboratory exercise schedule Instructions for writing and presenting the Production Plan Assessment criteria for the Production Plan What do you need for the laboratory exercise? Workshop: questions and answers about your production processes 2

3 Production Plan Production Plan: 1. Which products are you going to manufacture and why (one product from cellulosic pulp and one from a side-stream)? 2. Which raw material (birch, eucalyptus, pine) you choose, and why? 3. Which process steps will you include in the production and why? 4. How will your team divide for the second laboratory week? 5. How is sufficient documentation ensured? Production Plan deadline Friday, February 12 th at midnight Submit as an assignment in MyCourses 3

4 Presenting the Production Plan Production Plans presented on Thursday, February 11 th at Design Factory Presentation max. 15 min. One PowerPoint slide / one A4 page describing the production scheme Team divided into Three specialists (e.g. the project leader and two technical specialists) presenting the project, using the one-page scheme and explaining the new production process Two journalists/tv hosts making critical questions to the specialists After the presentation the audience (i.e. the other team) can make their comments Teams can make final corrections to the Production Plans based on the comments 4

5 What is submitted to MyCourses and what are the assessment criteria? Production plan is submitted as an assignment to MyCourses, and must include two pages 1. The one-page scheme (presented on Thu, 11/2) 2. References on another page, to give background information and justification for your choices Assessment criteria 1. Feasibility of the choices made (raw material, products, processes) 2. Justification of the choices (e.g. based on the references) 3. Presentation quality 4. How the Production Plan is reflected in the final Project Report which were the weak points, what can be applied directly, what should be looked into in more detail? Criteria 1-3 have to be at an acceptable level for admitting the team into the laboratory Criterion 4 will be assessed when the Project Report is assessed 5

6 Laboratory exercise and safety Required for the laboratory exercise Laboratory Safety Course Laboratory coat Safety goggles Read all the instructions carefully! If you have any doubts, ask the supervisor! 6

7 Kraft pulp mill KnowPulp, 2008, 7

8 Crude Tall Oil (CTO) components CTO separated from softwood kraft black liquor during recovery cycle Yield ~35 kg / air dry ton of pulp (adtp) CTO is fractionated by distillation TOFA & TOR are called saponifiables, other fractions are unsaponifiables (e.g. sterols) CTO fraction Amount Compounds Possible usages Distilled tall oil (DTO) <10% Easily distillable compounds Industrial oils Tall oil fatty acids (TOFA) 50-58% E.g. oleic and linolic acids Paints, soaps, inks, industrial oils Tall oil resin (TOR) 38-46% E.g. abietic acid Paints, glues & sizing, soaps, inks Tall oil pitch (TOP) 10-18% E.g. sterols Pharmaceuticals, biofuels 8

9 Sitostanol Solvent recovery Sitosterol hydrocarbon Hydrophobic phase Evaporation Neutral substances Extraction In Crude Soap Refining (CRS) the tall oil is first washed and then extracted with a hydrocarbon. The neutral substances, that contain -sitosterol, diterpene alcohols and aldehydes, are transferred to the lipophilic phase. Hydrophilic phase Crystallization Methanol Neutroil The Primal process for the separation of sitosterol, used in Kaukas mill Filtration Primal- Sitosterol Solvent recovery Sini Kaartinen, Sterol and stanol esters raw materials and production processes,

10 Sitostanol: Controlling cholesterol level Component manufactured from tall oil Tall oil sitosterol Rapeseed oil Sitostanol Esterification Fatty acids Sitostanol esters Sunflower or rapeseed oil spread Adopted from G.R. Thompson et al Benecol 10

11 Update from Raisio on Benecol products (2011) No sitosterol is manufactured at pulp mills any more 50% comes from CTO refineries, 50% comes from vegetable oil sources (soy bean and rapeseed oils) 80% of Benecol products sold in Europe Most of the soy bean oil comes from USA and originates from genetically manipulated (GM) plants can not be sold in Europe Net revenue of Raisio s Benecol products 50 million /a (most recent published information), which is ~20% of the total world-wide market of similar products Production volume thousands of tons per year Raisio ( offers internships for students Apply for summer jobs! 11

12 Sitosterol, cholesterol, and sitostanol Sitosterol Sitostanol Cholesterol Adopted from G.R. Thompson et al