SPECIMEN. Sample Assessment Questions

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SPECIMEN F GENERAL CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION GATEWAY SCIENCE B731/01 BIOLOGY B Unit B731: Science modules B1, B2, B3 (Foundation Tier) Sample Assessment Questions Please note

1 SPECIMEN F GENERAL CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION GATEWAY SCIENCE B731/01 BIOLOGY B Unit B731: Science modules B1, B2, B3 (Foundation Tier) Sample Assessment Questions Please note that due to pending copyright permission, questions 2, 6 and 8 are incomplete. This is because the graphs cannot be displayed. OCR 2012 [QN 01/SPEC/X] OCR is an exempt Charity Turn over

2 SPECIMEN F GENERAL CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION GATEWAY SCIENCE B731/01 BIOLOGY B Unit B731: Science modules B1, B2, B3 (Foundation Tier) Candidates answer on the question paper A calculator may be used for this paper OCR Supplied Materials: None Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes Other Materials Required: Pencil Ruler (cm/mm) Candidate Forename Candidate Surname Centre Number Candidate Number INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your name clearly in capital letters, your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the boxes above. Use black ink. Pencil may be used for graphs and diagrams only. Read each question carefully and make sure that you know what you have to do before starting your answer. Answer all the questions. Write your answer to each question in the space provided, however additional paper may be used if necessary but you must clearly show your candidate number, centre number and question number(s). Do not write in the bar codes. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES Your quality of written communication is assessed in questions marked with a pencil ( ). The number of marks for each question is given in brackets [ ] at the end of the question or part question. The total number of marks for this paper is 75. This document consists of 18 pages. Any blank pages are indicated. Examiner s Use Only Total OCR 2012 [QN 01/SPEC/X] OCR is an exempt Charity Turn over

(a) Where in the cells of the baby could the doctors find the chromosomes? Put a ring around the correct answer in this list.

3 2 1 Jerome and Katie are expecting a baby. Katie is worried. SECTION A Module B1 I want to know if our baby is going to have sickle cell anaemia. Perhaps doctors can look at the chromosomes in our baby s cells and see. It would also be nice if they can tell us how tall our child will be when it is older. (a) Where in the cells of the baby could the doctors find the chromosomes? Put a ring around the correct answer in this list. cell membrane cell wall cytoplasm nucleus vacuole (b) It is impossible for the doctors to tell how tall Jerome and Katie s child will grow by simply studying its genes. Why is this?......[2] [1] [Total: 3]

4 3 2 New Mexico is a state in America. People from different races live there. The graph shows that rate of lung cancer in different races in New Mexico. At present we do not have copyright permission to display this graph. (a) The average population of New Mexico is How many New Mexican men does the graph suspect will get lung cancer? answer...[2] (b) (i) What does the graph tell you about which people in New Mexico are most likely to get lung cancer?...[1] (ii) Suggest a reason why this group has more lung cancer....[1] [Total: 4] Turn over

5 3 Gary picks up a plate in the kitchen. 4 He does not realise that the plate is really hot. Without thinking he rapidly drops the plate. Write about the sequence of events that take place in his body including, how heat is detected, the type of response involved, the pathway for electrical signals and explain what brings about the response. The quality of written communication will be assessed in your answer to this question [6] [Total: 6]

6 4 Sue and Priya are both 30 years-old. 5 Sue lives in England and Priya lives in a small village in India. The table shows some details about their daily diet. It also shows estimated average daily requirements (EAR) for a person of their age and mass. Energy Iron Protein Vitamin C in kj per day in mg per day in g per day in μg per day Sue s intake Priya s intake EAR (a) Which person, Sue or Priya is most likely to get scurvy? Explain your answer [1] (b) Which food group does iron belong to?...[1] (c) The figures in the table are the average for one day throughout the year. Suggest why Priya s protein content is lower than Sue s and why it varies more throughout the year [2] [Total: 4] Turn over

7 6 5 PCVD is a disease of pigs caused by a virus. (a) PCVD is caused by a virus. What name is given to any disease causing microorganism?...[1] (b) PCVD is taken in by pigs through their noses. Humans and pigs use the same defences to try and stop microorganisms entering through their breathing system. Describe these defences [2] (c) A vaccine is available against PCVD. Farmers have two choices: They can either vaccinate female pigs before they get pregnant. This protects the female pigs and gives their piglets passive immunity. Or they can vaccinate the piglets when they are several weeks old. This gives the piglets active immunity. (i) Explain what is meant by passive immunity.

8 7 (ii) The graph shows how well the piglets are protected with each approach. piglet protection in % age in months Here are some facts about PCVD and pigs. It can cause female pigs to have less piglets. One female pig can give birth to and feed about ten pigs at one time. The vaccination for PCVD is quite expensive. Piglets can get the virus causing PCVD soon after birth and can die. Some farmers choose to vaccinate the female pigs before they have piglets. Other farmers choose to vaccinate the piglets after several weeks. Use the facts and the graph to explain why....[3] [Total: 8] Turn over

(i) How can you tell that tigers are predators from the position of their eyes?...[1] (ii) Suggest how tigers catch their prey.

9 6 Tigers are large mammals that live in Asia. 8 SECTION B Module B2 (a) Tigers are predators. JinYoung Lee/Shutterstock.com They live in forests, have excellent vision and camouflage but cannot run fast for long distances. (i) How can you tell that tigers are predators from the position of their eyes?...[1] (ii) Suggest how tigers catch their prey....[1] (b) All tigers are the same species however; there are nine different types of tiger. Why are tigers separated into different types?......[1]

10 9 (c) Three types of tiger have become extinct in the last 70 years and the other types are endangered. Although tigers are now protected, suggest reasons why their numbers are still dropping [2] (d) 2010 was the Year of the Tiger. Conservationists launched a new campaign to save tigers. The graph shows data about tiger numbers and forests. It also shows conservationists targets for trying to save tigers. At present we do not have copyright permission to display this graph. (i) What does the graph predict will happen to tigers if no action is taken?...[1] (ii) Use the graph to explain how conservationists hope to save the tiger. [Total: 8] Turn over

11 7 Canna is a small island in Scotland. 10 Many rare types of birds nest on the island. Many of the birds only spend the summer on Canna. (a) Suggest where the birds go in the winter and why [2] (b) Read this article about Canna. Canna is now rat free! In 2006 the last rat on Canna was killed. Rats had been introduced to the island in 1900 from fishing boats. At first they had little effect because the cold winters killed most of them. Recently, warmer winters caused rat numbers to increase and they became predators of young birds. In 2005 the decision was made to kill the rats by poisoning them. Fieldmice have always lived on the island and 158 mice were removed before the poison was put out. The mice were kept in Edinburgh zoo. (i) Explain why conservationists wanted to kill the rats. (ii) Winters have been getting warmer on Canna. Scientists think this is due to many countries releasing more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Explain why more carbon dioxide is being released.

12 11 (iii) Suggest why the conservationists trapped and kept 158 field mice in Edinburgh zoo. (c) The table shows the number of birds seen in certain nesting sites in Canna from 2001 to Year Number of birds Does the data in the table show that the rat poisoning was needed and that it is also being successful? Explain your answer [3] [Total: 11] Turn over

13 12 8 Daphne is a small island close to South America. On the island live birds called finches that feed on seeds. There is usually plenty of food available so the finches can choose seeds that are easy to open. In 1977 there was a drought on Daphne. Scientists collected some data. One graph shows the size of the beaks of the finches before and after the drought. The other graph shows the number of seeds that were available on the island. At present we do not have copyright permission to display these graphs.

14 13 Describe the patterns in the data collected by the scientist and use Darwin s theory of natural selection to show how these patterns are linked. The quality of written communication will be assessed in your answer to this question [6] [Total: 6] Turn over

Why do the clones look similar to the original plant but not exactly the same as it? (b) Complete the following sentences.

15 14 Section C Module B3 9 Paul has a geranium plant. He takes cuttings from his plant and grows them in to new plants. original plant plant grown from a cutting (a) Paul knows that the plants grown from a cutting are clones of the original plant. Why do the clones look similar to the original plant but not exactly the same as it? (b) Complete the following sentences. As a plant grows the number of cells increases because of As the cutting grows, cells that are not root cells become root cells. Cells that are not root cells becoming root cells is called.... [2] (c) When Paul grows his cutting, he has to water it regularly. However, he has to make sure that the soil does not become water-logged because this could kill the plant. Suggest why water-logged soil could kill the plant. [Total: 6]

Explain why Liz s skin looks pale and why she feels very tired. (c) Liz s friend Joe has haemophilia.

16 15 10 This question is about the blood system. (a) Describe how blood is moved around the body. (b) Liz has anaemia. This means that she is not making enough haemoglobin for her blood. Her skin is pale and she feels very tired. Explain why Liz s skin looks pale and why she feels very tired. (c) Liz s friend Joe has haemophilia. This means that his blood does not clot properly. Haemophilia is caused by a mutated gene. Explain what a gene is. [Total: 6] Turn over

17 16 11 This question is about selective breeding. (a) Aberdeen Angus cattle have been produced by selective breeding to have a lot of meat. Explain how you would use selective breeding to increase the amount of meat on cattle. The quality of written communication will be assessed in your answer to this question....[6] (b) In his book called On the Origin of Species, Charles Darwin wrote about evolution by natural selection. In the book he also wrote about selective breeding He used selective breeding to help explain his theory of evolution. Suggest why he used selective breeding to help him explain evolution by natural selection....[1] [Total: 7]

250 7 170 8 150 9 200 (a) Plot a graph of Anya s

You will have to choose and show the scale on the

18 12 Anya is investigating enzymes. 17 She times how long it takes the enzyme amylase to break down starch at different phs. ph Time to break down starch in seconds (a) Plot a graph of Anya s results. Draw the best line through the points. You will have to choose and show the scale on the vertical axis. Time to break down the starch in seconds [4] ph Turn over

19 18 (b) Anya says that these results show that the optimum ph for this enzyme is ph 5. Billy says they show that the optimum ph is ph 8. Jo says that they only show that the optimum ph is somewhere between ph 7 and ph 9. Who has made the best statement?. Explain your answer. [Total: 6] END OF QUESTION PAPER Copyright Information: P8, Q6, Tiger: JinYoung Lee/Shutterstock.com Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (OCR) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. OCR is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

Thursday 12 January 2012 Morning

THIS IS A NEW SPECIFICATION F Thursday 12 January 2012 Morning GCSE GATEWAY SCIENCE BIOLOGY B B731/01 Biology modules B1, B2, B3 (Foundation Tier) *B722170112* Candidates answer on the Question Paper.