Chapter 2: Universal hearing screening, prevalence of and accessibility to cochlear implants

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2 Contents Chapter 1: Introduction Short history on cochlear implants 1.2. Outcomes and trends in education and rehabilitation Evaluating education and rehabilitation Cochlear implantation and communication mode Cochlear implantation and educational placement Rehabilitation of deaf children using cochlear implants 1.3. Aims of the thesis 1.4. Outline of the chapters Chapter 2: Universal hearing screening, prevalence of and accessibility to cochlear implants 2.1. Impact of Newborn Hearing Screening, Comparing Outcomes in Pediatric Cochlear Implant Users. Philips B., Corthals P., De Raeve L., D'haenens W., Maes L., Bockstael A., Keppler H., Swinnen F., De Vel E., Vinck B., Dhooge I., The Laryngoscope. 2009; 119: Prevalence of cochlear implants in Europe: what do we know and what can we expect. De Raeve L. & van Hardeveld R., Journal of Hearing Science, submitted 2.3. Accessibility to cochlear implants in Belgium: state of the art on selection, reimbursement, habilitation, and outcomes in children and adults. De Raeve L. & Wouters A., Cochlear Implants International. 2013; 14: S18-S Chapter 3: Outcomes of young implanted children Auditory development A longitudinal study on auditory perception and speech intelligibility in deaf children implanted under the age of 18 Months, in comparison to those implanted at later ages. De Raeve L., Otology & Neurotology. 2010; 31(8):

3 3.2. Early communication skills Deaf children with cochlear implants before the age of one year: comparison of preverbal communication with normal hearing children. Tait M., De Raeve L. & Nikolopoulos T., International Journal of Pediatric Otolaryngology. 2007; 71: Bilateral versus unilateral cochlear implantation in young children. Tait M., Nikolopoulos T., De Raeve L., Johnson S., Datta G., Karltorp E., Ostlund E., Johansson U., van Knegsel E., Mylanus E., van Gulpen P., Beers M. & Frijns J., International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. 2010; 74: Language, verbal cognition and reading outcomes Verbal Cognition in Deaf Children using Cochlear Implants: effect of unilateral and bilateral stimulation. De Raeve L., Vermeulen A. Snik A., Otology & Neurotology, (submitted) Reading comprehension of Flemish deaf children in Belgium: sources of variability in reading comprehension after cochlear implantation. van der Kant A., Vermeulen A., De Raeve L., Schreuder R., Deafness and Education International. 2010; 12(2): Chapter 4 : Trends in rehabilitation and education Education and rehabilitation of deaf children with cochlear implants: a multidisciplinary task. De Raeve L., Cochlear Implants International. 2010; 11(1): Changing trends within the population of children who are deaf or hard of hearing in Flanders (Belgium): effects of 12 years of universal newborn hearing screening, early intervention, and early cochlear implantation. De Raeve L. & Lichtert G., The Volta Review. 2010; 112(2): Changing realities in the classroom for hearing impaired children in the classroom. Vermeulen A., De Raeve L., Deafness Education International. 2012; 14(1):

4 4.4. Changing Schools for the Deaf: Updating the Educational Setting for our Deaf Children in the 21st Century, a Big Challenge. De Raeve L., Baerts J., Colleye E., Croux E., Deafness and Education International. 2012; 14(1): Maximizing the benefits from bilateral implantation in therapy, at home and at school. De Raeve L., Archbold S., Diller G., Deafness and Education International. 2013; 15(1): Chapter 5: Discussion and conclusion The impact of newborn hearing screening and cochlear implants on deaf children s early auditory development and speech intelligibility 5.2. Prevalence and accessibility to cochlear implants in Belgium and other European countries 5.3. Outcomes of young implanted children: auditory development, early communication skills, language, reading and verbal cognition skills in comparing to normal hearing peers 5.4. Large variability in outcomes after implantation: influencing child and environment related factors 5.5. Changing trends in the education of young deaf children using (bilateral) cochlear implants Paediatric cochlear implantation requires an experienced multidisciplinary team Changing trends in the population of deaf children Changing trends in deaf education 5.6. Efficacy and effectiveness of rehabilitation after cochlear implant implantation 5.7. Implications for the education of deaf children using cochlear implants

5 Chapter 6: Summary Summary in English 6.2. Samenvatting in het Nederlands 6.3. Dankwoord 6.4. Curriculum Vitae 6.5. List of publications Appendix 1. The Listening Cube: a three dimensional auditory training program. De Raeve L., Anderson I., Bammens M., Jans J., Haesevoets M., Pans R., Vandistel H. &Vrolix Y., Clinical & Experimental ORL. 2012; 5(5): Overview of the ONICI-monitor