Evaluation of Degree of Cure and Shear Bond Strength of a Color Changing Light Cure Adhesive
|
|
- Bruce Wiggins
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 /jp-journals ORIGINAL ARTICLE Hanumantha Rao Chidipothu, Shyamala Chandrasekhar Evaluation of Degree of Cure and Shear Bond Strength of a Color Changing Light Cure Adhesive 1 Hanumantha Rao Chidipothu, 2 Shyamala Chandrasekhar ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the efficiency of Transbond plus color change adhesive (TPCCA), a newly introduced orthodontic adhesive material with reference to shear bond strength (SBS), debonding characters and degree of cure (DC) and to correlate SBS to the DC. Materials and methods: Forty human premolars, divided into Group I (n = 20) Transbond XT and Group II (n = 20) TPCCA were bonded with metal brackets using the adhesives. Brackets were debonded in shear on an Instron universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 1 mm per minute. The mode of bond failure was determined by Modified ARI index and the DC was determined by FTIR analysis. Results: There was no statistically significant (p > 0.05) difference between SBS of TPCCA [SD-8.87 (2.11)] and conventional Transbond XT [SD (3.12)] and therefore was clinically acceptable. The Weibull analysis suggested that TPCCA behaved consistently with respect to bond failure and reliability. Both adhesives exhibited cohesive type of bond failure. A statitistically significant lower percentage of DC was noted for TPCCA [65.9 (2.4)] than Transbond XT [68.7 (3.2)] but it was within the range reported in the literature (55-75%). Pearson s correlation was significantly positive between SBS and DC for both adhesives. Conclusion: TPCCA has optimum SBS, favorable debonding character and DC at clinically acceptable levels. Clinical implication: TPCCA can be a considered as an innovative orthodontic adhesive material for clinical use. Keywords: Shear bond strength, Degree of cure, Color change adhesive. How to cite this article: Chidipothu HR, Chandrasekhar S. Evaluation of Degree of Cure and Shear Bond Strength of a Color Changing Light Cure Adhesive. J Ind Orthod Soc 2012;46(4): INTRODUCTION Direct bonding of orthodontic brackets to the enamel surface has enhanced clinical practice of orthodontics in terms of esthetics, comfort, better oral hygiene, decreased gingival irritation and reduced chairside time. The pioneering work of Buonocore 1 in 1955 on acid etch technique and the development of Bowens resin BIS-GMA (bis-phenol A glycidyl dimethacrylate) by Bowen 2 in 1962 for restorative purpose made valuable contributions to direct bonding technique and were instrumental in developing new procedures and materials. Transbond XT, a light-cured BIS-GMA based composite resin is a popularly used orthodontic adhesive agent with optimal bond strength for clinical practice. 1 Assistant Professor, 2 Professor 1 Department of Orthodontics, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India 2 Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Corresponding Author: Hanumantha Rao Chidipothu, Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Vishnu Dental College Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India, orthosmile1755@gmail.com Received on: 7/2/12 Accepted after Revision: 8/8/12 Transbond plus color change adhesive (TPCCA) with special features of color change, moisture tolerance and fluoride release was recently introduced by manufacturer of Transbond XT (3M Unitek). 3 According to manufacturer, its bond strength was comparable to Transbond XT adhesive. Color changing property enhanced bracket positioning and flash clean up. The adhesive initially appears pink, and after light curing the color fades away. However, the color change does not indicate curing of the adhesive. The TPCCA with its many added advantages according to manufacture, also needs evaluation. Orthodontic adhesives should have clinically acceptable shear and tensile bond strength to withstand masticatory forces and those generated by treatment mechanics, at the same time permitting bracket removal without damage to enamel surface and easy clean up. To a greater extent mechanical property of the adhesive, such as flexural modulus of elasticity, tensile strength and compressive strength, depend on the degree of cure (DC) of the resin matrix. The color stability, solubility, degradation and biocompatibility are also strongly correlated to the DC. 4 One of the major problems with light cure composite resins is their incomplete polymerization. 5 There have been many investigations on the leaching of these residual monomers and the adverse reactions caused. Biocompatibility aspects of various orthodontic adhesive resins have been examined, and both in vitro and in vivo 334 JAYPEE
2 JIOS Evaluation of Degree of Cure and Shear Bond Strength of a Color Changing Light Cure Adhesive reactions have been reported, including the potential for mutagenic effects and estrogenicity. The latter has recently gained special interest in the light of new evidence that some resins release Bisphenol A, a BIS-GMA monomer precursor, which exhibits estrogenicity. The cytotoxic responses were well correlated with substances eluted from the polymer restorative materials. Research on water sorption, solubility and degradation of resin composites has also suggested that leachable substances may cause toxic responses Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has been proven to be a powerful technique and has been used as a reliable method as it detects the C = C stretching vibrations directly before and after curing of composite resins. 5 Hence, the present study was planned to determine the clinical usefulness of TPCCA based on the shear bond strength (SBS), debonding character and degree of cure (DC) in comparison with conventionally used Transbond XT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Methodology for Assessment of Shear Bond Strength Forty upper premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic purpose were collected. Inclusion criteria for the tooth selection included anatomically and morphologically well-defined upper first premolar teeth with intact buccal enamel, extracted for orthodontic purpose. Exclusion criteria for the sample consisted of teeth with caries heavy restorations, variations in crown with enamel structural defects, fractured crowns, fluorosed teeth. The selected teeth were cleaned and stored in solution of 0.1%. Weight/Volume of thymol solution until bonding. The teeth were then mounted on self-cured acrylic blocks, up to cementoenamel junction with the buccal surface of crown perpendicular to base of the block. The teeth were divided into Group I (n = 20) Transbond XT and Group II (n = 20) TPCCA. Forty preadjusted edgewise upper premolar stainless steel brackets (Gemini series 80 gauge mesh, Unitek) were used. The buccal surface of the teeth was polished with pumice slurry using rubber cup. After polishing, the teeth were etched with 37% orthophosphoric acid for a period of 15 seconds. The acid was then washed away with a spray of water for 10 seconds. The tooth surface was then air dried using oil and moisture free three way syringe till a white chalky appearance was seen on the surface. The above procedure was done for all the test specimens, to be bonded with the two adhesives to be evaluated. Bonding using Transbond XT Group I The primer was applied to the etched surface. The adhesive was then applied to the base of the metal bracket directly and then positioned at a distance of 4 mm from the occlusal surface along the long axis of the tooth and the adhesive was cured using a light emitting diode (LED) curing unit from the occlusal, gingival, mesial and distal aspects for 10 seconds each. Bonding using TPCCA Group II The procedure for bonding TPCCA was same as that of Transbond XT with reference to application of primer, positioning of bracket and curing. The bonded specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 hours at room temperature before evaluation of bond strength. Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength Debonding was carried out with an Instron universal testing machine (Instron Corp - load cell= 1 Kilo Newton) with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The following formula was used to evaluate the SBS in MPa, Shear bond strength (MPa) = Force in Newton/Base area of the bracket (sq. mm). Evaluation of the Residual Adhesive The debonded tooth surface was scanned using an EPSON Scanner attached to a Macintosh computer. The scanned image was then viewed under a resolution of 1,200 dpi (dots/inch). Modified ARI scores was used to determine adhesive remaining on the enamel. Methodology for Assessment of Degree of Cure using the FTIR Spectrometer The DC of both groups was estimated by subjecting the cured and uncured resin samples to FTIR analysis. To evaluate the DC in most of the earlier studies the adhesive under consideration is cured by placing a known quantity of the adhesive on the base of the bracket and placing it on a yellow color ceramic slab with 75% reflectance and subjected to FTIR analysis. However in this study, a modified procedure was adapted in which the cured adhesive bonded on to the etched enamel surface was scraped with BP blade (No.15) after debonding from the base of the brackets and from the debonded tooth surface which was carefully collected in a piece of black paper measuring 6 6 cm, folded, and kept in individual cellophane covers. Later they were transported and were analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy. Measurement of Degree of Conversion The degree of conversion of each specimen was determined by comparison of the aliphatic carbon = carbon with that of the aromatic component for the cured and uncured resins. The DC of each specimen was estimated on a relative percentage basis with the 2-frequency method and the tangent baseline technique. The aliphatic carbon = carbon double bond group has a characteristic infrared absorption peak around 1,636 cm 1 The Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society, October-December 2012;46(4):
3 Hanumantha Rao Chidipothu, Shyamala Chandrasekhar to 1,638 cm -1. The aromatic carbon = carbon single bond peaks around 1,605 to 1,608 cm -1 due to the aromatic bonds of the benzene rings in the monomer molecules. Aliphatic (C = C) bond stretching vibrations at 1,638 cm -1 were chosen as the analytic frequency, whereas the aromatic (C..C) bond stretching vibrations at 1,605 cm -1, which are not affected by the polymerization reaction, were selected as a reference frequency. The percentage of DC was then determined according to the residual double bonds (RDB). 12 % DC = 100 (1-RDB), DC% = 1 [Cured aliphatic (C = C)/Cured aromatic (C..C)]/ [Uncured Aliphatic (C = C)/Uncured Aromatic (C..C)] 100 Where, Cured aliphatic (C = C) = Absorption peak at 1,638 cm -1 of the cured specimen. Cured aromatic (C..C) = Absorption peak at 1,608 cm -1 of the cured specimen. Uncured aliphatic (C = C) = Absorption peak at 1,638 cm -1 of the uncured specimen. Uncured aromatic (C..C) = Absorption peak at 1,608 cm -1 of the uncured specimen. The results obtained from the SBS testing, the modified ARI scores and DC for the two different adhesives, their mean and standard deviation were calculated and then subjected to statistical evaluation. Table 1: Mean, standard deviation, test of significance of SBS (MPa) of Groups I and II adhesives Groups Mean (SD) p-value Group I Transbond XT (3.12) > (NS) Group II TPCCA 8.87 (2.11) NS: Not significant Table 2: Weibull modulus and characteristic strength results Groups Weibull Characteristic SBS at SBS at modulus ( ) strength ( ) 10% probability 90% of failure MPa probability of failure MPa Group I Group II STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Student t-test was done to determine if a significant difference existed between the two groups with reference to mean SBS. Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine the level of significance of modified ARI scores and DC between the two adhesive groups. Pearson s correlation was done to determine the type of correlation between SBS and DC of both adhesive groups. RESULTS It is evident from Table 1 that the mean SBS for TPCCA is lower than that of conventional Transbond XT. However, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.058). The Weibull modulus ( ) characteristic strength ( ) and the SBS values for probability of failure at 10 and 90% are shown in Table 2. The graphical representation of the Weibull curve is given in Graph 1. The SBS for 10% probability of failure is almost same for Groups I and II (7 and 6 MPa) and will behave in a similar fashion. However, 90% of bracket failure will occur at higher SBS (15 MPa) for Group I (Transbond XT) compared to Group II (Transbond plus color change) which will fail at 12 MPa. MODIFIED ARI INDEX Evaluation of the modified ARI score (Table 3) for the two groups revealed that the difference in mean modified ARI 336 Graph 1: Weibull curve showing SBS and probability of failure for both the groups scores between Groups I and II is not statistically significant (p = 0.13). Table 4 shows the difference in the percentage distribution of the modified ARI scores, of score two and three between the groups were minor and was not statistically significant (p = 0.22). Both the groups showed similar type of bracket failure. DEGREE OF CURE The mean DC of Group I was [68.7 (3.2)] higher than that of Group II [65.9 (2.4)] However, the difference between the two groups were statistically significant with p = (Table 5). Correlation analysis was done to establish the relation between SBS and DC for both Groups I and II. A significant positive correlation was evident between SBS and DC for Group I with r = , p = (Table 6, Graph 2) and for Group II with r = , p = (Table 6, Graph 3). DISCUSSION Acid etch technique originally introduced in restorative dentistry for enhancing the adhesion of restorative materials, JAYPEE
4 JIOS Evaluation of Degree of Cure and Shear Bond Strength of a Color Changing Light Cure Adhesive Table 3: Mean, standard deviation, test of significance of ARI score of groups I and II adhesives Groups Mean (SD) p-value Group I 2.8 (0.6) > 0.05 (NS) Group II 2.4 (0.7) NS: Not significant Table 4: Frequency distribution of the modified ARI scores and the results of the Chi-square comparison is between the two groups ARI score Group I Group II p-value No. % No. % > 0.05 (NS) NS: Not significant Table 5: Mean, standard deviation, test of significance for DC for Groups I and II adhesives Groups Mean (SD) p-value Group I 68.7 (3.2) Group II 65.9 (2.4) S: Significant <0.05 (S) Table 6: Results of correlation analysis between SBS and DC for Groups I and II Groups Correlation p-value coefficient Group I 0.83 <0.001 (S) Group II 0.62 <0.005 (S) S: Significant Graph 2: Correlation between SBS and DC of Transbond XT opened up new pathways for bonding brackets to the etched enamel surface. Evolution in orthodontic adhesive system has taken place in terms of composition of adhesives, modes of curing, enamel conditioning methods, types of primers with improved properties of moisture tolerance, fluoride release, biocompatibility, ease of handling, and reduced chairside time. Graph 3: Correlation between SBS and DC of TPCCA The continuous developments in dental materials has lead to further improvement in adhesive bonding formulations resulting in wide range of products including self-etching, 12,13 moisture insensitive, 14 fluoride releasing, 15 antimicrobial primer systems, 16 flowable composities 17 to mention a few insearch of an ideal orthodontic bonding adhesive system. TPCCA is yet another composite adhesive system introduced by 3M Unitek as a moisture tolerant light cure bonding system with special features of color change and fluoride release. The mean SBS of the TPCCA is lower than that of Transond XT but higher than that of clinically acceptable range suggested by Reynolds 18 ( MPa). The difference between the two adhesive groups, however, was not statistically significant. There is no study reported in the literature regarding the bond strength of this new material for comparison excepting that of Vicente 19. Vicente et al evaluated the adhesive with focus on SBS and moisture tolerance property of TPCCA. SBS were evaluated under dry, water and saliva contaminated conditions using TSEP and TMIP. The bond strength reported was comparatively lower with a value ranging between 6.93 and 7.89 MPa under varying test conditions. The SBS values in the present study of TPCCA are higher than that of Vicente et al. 19 The results, however, are not directly comparable because of different types of primers used. In the present study, conventional primers were used and Vicente A et al used moisture tolerance primer. Vicente et al suggested use of TPCCA along with TSEP/TMIP if there is a risk of contamination with water or saliva. Northrup et al 20 have reported clinically acceptable SBS of a similar color changing adhesive bluegloo (Ormco Corp) with self-ligating bracket in comparison with Transbond XT bonded to self-ligating bracket and conventional stainless steel bracket. Bluegloo also posses the property of color change with temperature retaining blue color in cooler temperature and changes to tooth color with activation by light. It is suggested that all bond strength testing should include some form of survival analysis. This gives the clinician a better idea of how the material (or) bracket is likely to perform in The Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society, October-December 2012;46(4):
5 Hanumantha Rao Chidipothu, Shyamala Chandrasekhar the clinical situation (probability of failure). The use of survival analysis, such as Weibull analysis, is more appropriate and has been applied in orthodontic bond strength testing. Probability of failure (pf) is calculated based on Weibull modulus and characteristic strength. Weibull modulus ( ) indicates the scatter of results and is an indication of dependability of the material. A high value of ( ) indicates a close grouping of the result and better dependability of the material. It can be seen that TPCCA had slightly higher Weibull modulus value of 4.70 compared to that of Transbond XT with Weibull modulus value of This higher Weibull modulus value, though marginal, indicates a more consistent behavior of the material for bond failure at a given debonding force. Weibull curves were generated with percentage of probability of failure as a function of different bond strength values. It is evident from Graph I that at bond strength of 1 MPa, none of the brackets will fail in both the groups. The percentage of failure increases gradually from 6 to 13 MPa with 100% failure occurring at about 17 MPa. The probability of failure is almost same at the tail end of the values 0 to 6 MPa and 16 to 20 MPa for both the adhesives. The pattern of failure is slightly different in the mid values, suggesting there is a marginal difference in bond failure rate for TPCCA compared to Transbond XT. Thus, it can be inferred from the present study that TPCCA had comparable SBS at clinically acceptable levels to that of widely used and clinically efficient Transbond XT. Results suggest that in vivo TPCCA will behave consistently with respect to bond failure and reliability. Debonding character and failure pattern of the TPCCA and Transbond XT based on ARI score shows no statistical difference in percentage distribution of modified ARI score. The ideal ARI score is a subject of debate. Lesser the amount of the adhesive left on the tooth surface (modified ARI of 4 and 5) less intervention is needed to remove residual adhesive and clean up procedures. The DC for cured and uncured samples of TPCCA and Transbond XT were evaluation by FTIR spectroscopy. The mean percentage of DC for TPCCA is [65.9(2.4)] and for that of Transbond XT is [68.7(3.2)]. In the light cure system the extent of polymerization or DC depend on several factors, 4,6 composition of the resin, photinitiator concentration, transmission of light through the material, exposure of time, light intensity of the curing unit and filler volume fraction which can induce reflection of light by both filler particles and tooth structure interposed between light source and composite. In the present study all the factors related to the light source were the same excepting the adhesives (Transbond XT and TPCCA). There is a slight difference in the composition and percentage of BIS-GMA between the two adhesives. Transbond XT has 14% BIS-GMA and 9% BIS-EMA, whereas TPCCA has less than 2% BIS-GMA and 5 to 15% polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate. 19 The lower DC for TPCCA may be due to difference in the composition and may not be an indication for incomplete polymerization resulting in residual monomer. This DC for TPCCA (64-67%) and Transbond XT (67-68%) is within the range reported in the literature for composite resins (55-75%). However residual monomer and its possibility of leaching and its effect on possible cytotoxicity on cell cultures needs further evaluation. DC has been evaluated for composite resins in restorative dentistry. There are only few studies reported on DC of Transbond XT and other BIS-GMA based resins but not for TPCCA. Gioka et al evaluated the DC of Reliance BIS- GMA based light cure adhesive and reported 47% which is comparatively lower than the present study. Shinya et al evaluated DC for Transbond XT immediately after 15 minutes of polymerization and has reported a value 37% less than that of present study. Orthodontic bonding investigations have mostly focused on bond strength assessment. So far there is no study reported correlating between SBS and DC for any orthodonitic adhesive including TPCCA. It has been reported that DC modulates the physical and mechanical properties of dental composites including tensile and compressive strength. 5 Correlation analysis in the present study between SBS and DC for both TPCCA and Transbond XT has confirmed this observation on DC and mechanical strength. A significant positive correlation was evident for TPCCA (r = and p = 0.003) and for Transbond XT (r = and p = 0.000). TPCCA can be a material of choice if special features like moisture tolerance, fluoride release, antibacterial properties and biocompatibility are added apart from their existing characteristics.. CONCLUSION TPCCA has optimum SBS at clinical acceptable levels, a favorable debonding character in comparison with widely used Transbond XT. A statistically significant lower percentage of DC was noted for TPCCA compared to Transbond XT. However, this lower percentage of DC for TPCCA (64-67%) compared to Transbond XT (67-68%) is within the range reported in the literature for composite resins (55-75%). A significant positive correlation was also established between SBS and DC for both TPCCA and Transbond XT. Thus, TPCCA can be considered as an innovative orthodontic adhesive material for clinical use. REFERENCES 1. Buonocore MG. A simple method of increasing the adhesion of acrylic filling materials to enamel surfaces. J Dent Res 1955;34: Bowen RL. Adhesive bonding of various materials to enamel surfaces. J Dent Res 1962;110: JAYPEE
6 JIOS Evaluation of Degree of Cure and Shear Bond Strength of a Color Changing Light Cure Adhesive 3. Transbond plus color change Scientific information. Available at: 4. Anusavice KJ, Philips science of dental materials (11th ed). Saunders Brantely WA, Eliades T. Orthodontic materials: Scientific and clinical aspects Thieme; Christiana G, Bourauel C, Hiskia A, Kletsas D, Eliades T, Eliades G. Light-cured or chemically cured orthodontic adhesive resins? A selection based on the degree of cure, monomer leaching, and cytotoxicity. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 2005;127: Olea N Pulgar R, Olea SF, Rivas A, Novillo FA, Pedraza V. Estrogenicity of resin based composites and sealants used in dentistry. Environ Health Perspect 1996;104: Tell RT, Sydiskis RJ, Isaacs RD, Davidson WM. Cytotoxicity of direct bonding adhesives. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1988;93: Maurice B, Antoine R Vannet V, Hanssens JL. Cytotoxicity of two bonding adhesives assessed by three-dimensional cell culture. Angle Orthod 2007;77(4): Fredricks HE. Mutagenic potential of orthodontic bonding materials. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1981;80(3): Bishara SE, Ajlouni R, Oonsombat C. Evaluation of a new curing light on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. Angle Orthod 2003;73: Romano FL, Tavares SW, Nouer DF, Consani S, Magnani MBB. Shear bond strength of metallic orthodontic brackets bonded to enamel prepared with self-etching primer. Angle Orthod 2005;75: Cal-Neto JP, Carvalho F, Almeida RCC, Miguel JAM. Evaluation of a new self-etching primer on bracket bond strength in vitro. Angle Orthod 2006;76: Littlewood SJ, Mitchell L, Greenwood DC, Bubb NL, Wood DJ. Investigation of a Hydrophilic Primer for Orthodontic Bonding: An in vitro study. J Orthodont 2000;27: Eliades E, Viazis AD, Eliades G. Enamel fluoride uptake from an experimental fluoride-releasing orthodontic adhesive. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 1992;101: Bulut H, Türkün M, Türkün LS, Igksal E. Evaluation of the shear bond strength of 3 curing bracket bonding systems combined with an antibacterial adhesive. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2007Jul;132(1): Ajlouni R, Bishara SE, Soliman Oonsombat MMC, Laffoon JF, Warren J. The use of ormocer as an alternative material for bonding orthodontic brackets. Angle Orthod 2004;75(1): Reynolds IR. A review of direct orthodontic bonding. Br J Orthod 1975;2: Vicente A, Mena A, Ortiz AJ, Bravo LA. Water and saliva contamination effect on shear bond strength of brackets bonded with a moisture-tolerant light cure system. Angle Orthod 2009;79: Northrup RG, Berzins DW, Bradley TG, Schuckit W. Shear bond strength comparison between two orthodontic adhesives and selfligating and conventional brackets. Angle Orthod 2007;77(4): Shinya M, Shinya A, Lassila LVJ, Varrela J, Vallittu PK. Enhanced degree of monomer conversion of orthodontic adhesives using a glass-fiber layer under the bracket. Angle Orthod 2009;79: The Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society, October-December 2012;46(4):
Original Research. Shear bond strength of new self etching primer (RSEP) Sorake A et al
Journal of International Oral Health 2015; 7(7):17-21 Received: 17 th January 2015 Accepted: 10 th April 2015 Conflicts of Interest: None Source of Support: Nil Original Research Comparison of Shear Bond
More informationA Comparative Study between Bond Strength of Rebonded and Recycled Orthodontic Brackets
1 A Comparative Study between Bond Strength of Rebonded and Recycled Orthodontic Brackets ABSTRACT F. Heravi DDS MS*, R. Naseh DDS MS** Introduction: A large number of orthodontists prefer to rebond the
More informationImmediate versus Delayed Force Application after Orthodontic Bonding; An In Vitro Study
Journal of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Original Article Immediate versus Delayed Force Application after Orthodontic Bonding; An In Vitro Study M. Basafa 1, F. Farzanegan 2 1 Professor,
More informationShear Bond Strength of Acidic Primer, Light-Cure Glass Ionomer, Light-Cure and Self Cure Composite Adhesive Systems - An In Vitro Study
Shear Bond Strength of Acidic Primer, Light-Cure Glass Ionomer, Light-Cure and Self Cure Composite Adhesive Systems - An In Vitro Study Krishnakanth Reddy D 1, Kishore M S V 2, Safeena Safeena 3 1 Professor,
More informationEarly Shear Bond Strength of a One-step Self-adhesive on Orthodontic Brackets
Original Article Early Shear Bond Strength of a One-step Self-adhesive on Orthodontic Brackets Samir E. Bishara a ; Adam W. Ostby b ; Raed Ajlouni c ; John F. Laffoon d ; John J. Warren e ABSTRACT Objective:
More informationCOMPARISON OF SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF NEW AND RECYCLED BRACKETS WITH DIFFERENT MESH DESIGNS
COMPARISON OF SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF NEW AND RECYCLED BRACKETS WITH DIFFERENT MESH DESIGNS Author: Dr.Pragati, M.D.S. 3 rd year student Department of Orthodontics, Co-Authors: Prof. Praveen Mehrotra, M.D.S.
More informationTransbond PLUS Color Change Adhesive Lunch and Learn
Unitek Bonding System Transbond PLUS Color Change Adhesive Lunch and Learn Transbond PLUS Color Change Adhesive Agenda What is Transbond PLUS Color Change Adhesive? Why Transbond PLUS Color Change Adhesive?
More informationComparison of Shear Bond Strength of Metal Brackets Bonded to Porcelain Surface using Different Surface Conditioning Methods: An in vitro Study
10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1174 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Comparison of Shear Bond Strength of Metal Brackets Bonded to Porcelain Surface using Different Surface Conditioning Methods: An in vitro Study PV Girish,
More informationOrthodontic In Vivo Bond Strength: Comparison with In Vitro Results
Original Article Orthodontic In Vivo Bond Strength: Comparison with In Vitro Results Kevin L. Pickett, DMD, MS a ; P. Lionel Sadowsky, DMD, BDS, Dip Ortho, M Dent b ; Alex Jacobson, DMD, MDS, MS, PhD c
More informationEffect of Self-etchant ph on Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets: An in vitro Study
10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1126 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Effect of Self-etchant ph on Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets: An in vitro Study Amit Goyal, H Jyothikiran, BM Shivalinga WJD ABSTRACT Aims:
More informationBonding characteristics of a self-etching primer and precoated brackets: an in vitro study
The European Journal of Orthodontics Advance Access published February 22, 26 European Journal of Orthodontics of 5 doi:.9/ejo/cji7 The Author 26. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the
More informationA Comparison of Bond Strength Between Directand Indirect-bonding Methods
Marquette University e-publications@marquette School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications Dentistry, School of 3-1-2006 A Comparison of Bond Strength Between Directand Indirect-bonding Methods
More informationThe words adhesionpromoters werefirstusedto
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Effects of 3 adhesion promoters on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets: An in-vitro study Ascensión Vicente, a Luis A. Bravo, b Martín Romero, c Antonio J. Ortíz, d and Manuel
More informationThe Effect of Different Bracket Base Cleaning Method on Shear Bond Strength of Rebonded Brackets
10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1417 Emad Original F Al Maaitah Research et al The Effect of Different Bracket Base Cleaning Method on Shear Bond Strength of Rebonded Brackets Emad F Al Maaitah, Sawsan Alomari,
More informationGlass Ionomer Cement as an Orthodontic Bonding Agent
10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1203 Hashim Ali, Sasi Maroli ORIGINAL RESEARCH Hashim Ali, Sasi Maroli ABSTRACT Aim To find an alternative to popular orthodontic bonding agent composite resin and elimination
More informationBond strength assessment of metal brackets bonded to porcelain fused to metal surface using different surface conditioning method
ORIGINAL RESEARCH Bond strength assessment of metal brackets bonded to porcelain fused to metal surface using different surface conditioning method Vaishnav PD 1, Philip P 2, Shetty S 3, Mogra S 4, Batra
More informationScanning Electron Microscopy Evaluation of the Bonding Mechanism of a Self-etching Primer on Enamel
Original Article Scanning Electron Microscopy Evaluation of the Bonding Mechanism of a Self-etching Primer on Enamel Julio P. Cal-Neto a ; José Augusto M. Miguel b Abstract: The aim of this study was to
More informationBonding Technique Guide. The Leader in. Adhesive Innovation. and Excellence
Bonding Technique Guide Adhesive Innovation The Leader in and Excellence Dear 3M Unitek Adhesive Customer: The 3M Unitek Bonding Technique Guide has been developed as a multi-purpose guide to assist you
More informationVarious whitening systems are currently being
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Can previously bleached teeth be bonded safely? Tancan Uysal, DDS, a Faruk Ayhan Basciftci, DDS, MS, b Serdar Üşümez, DDS, PhD, b Zafer Sari, DDS, PhD, b and Ahmet Buyukerkmen, DDS a Konya,
More informationThe effect of orthodontic bracket pad shape on shear bond strength, an in vitro study on human enamel
Journal section: Orthodontics Publication Types: Research doi:10.4317/jced.55121 http://dx.doi.org/10.4317/jced.55121 The effect of orthodontic bracket pad shape on shear bond strength, an in vitro study
More informationS. Shear bond strength and debonding characteristics of metal and ceramic
Journal section: Orthodontics Publication Types: Research doi:10.4317/jced.52658 http://dx.doi.org/10.4317/jced.52658 Shear bond strength and debonding characteristics of metal and ceramic brackets bonded
More informationBonding to molars the effect of etch time (an in vitro study)
European Journal of Orthodontics 20 (1998) 195 199 1998 European Orthodontic Society Bonding to molars the effect of etch time (an in vitro study) Chris D. Johnston*, Donald J. Burden*, David L. Hussey**
More informationMicroleakage under Metallic and Ceramic Brackets Bonded with Orthodontic Self-Etching Primer Systems
Original Article Microleakage under Metallic and Ceramic Brackets Bonded with Orthodontic Self-Etching Primer Systems Tancan Uysal a ; Mustafa Ulker b ; Sabri Ilhan Ramoglu c ; Huseyin Ertas d ABSTRACT
More informationA comparison of shear bond strength and mean survival time between treated and untreated mesh backed stainless steel brackets, an in-vitro assessment.
(J lnd Orthod Soc 2002; 35:124 128) RESEARCH ARTICLE - A comparison of shear bond strength and mean survival time between treated and untreated mesh backed stainless steel brackets, an in-vitro assessment.
More informationBISPHENOL A: INFORMATION SHEET
BISPHENOL A: INFORMATION SHEET SAFETY OF DENTAL SEALANTS Summary Dental sealants and composites play a significant role in preventing tooth decay and in maintaining dental health. Dental sealants are an
More informationThree-dimensional measurement of enamel loss caused by bonding and debonding of orthodontic brackets. VAN WAES, H, MATTER, T, KREJCI, Ivo.
Article Three-dimensional measurement of enamel loss caused by bonding and debonding of orthodontic brackets VAN WAES, H, MATTER, T, KREJCI, Ivo Abstract A mechanical computerized three-dimensional scanner
More informationBond Strength of Composite Resin Luting Cements to Fiber-reinforced Composite Root Canal Post
Bond Strength of Composite Resin Luting Cements to Fiber-reinforced Composite Root Canal Post Abstract Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the attachment of different composite resin luting cements
More informationShort Glass Fiber-reinforced Composite with a Semi-interpenetrating Polymer Network Matrix for Temporary Crowns and Bridges
Short Glass Fiber-reinforced Composite with a Semi-interpenetrating Polymer Network Matrix for Temporary Crowns and Bridges Abstract Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the reinforcement
More informationBond Strength of Direct and Indirect Bonded Brackets After Thermocycling
Marquette University e-publications@marquette School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications Dentistry, School of 3-1-2006 Bond Strength of Direct and Indirect Bonded Brackets After Thermocycling
More informationEffects of Two Soft Drinks on Shear Bond Strength and Adhesive Remnant Index of Orthodontic Metal Brackets
Original Article Effects of Two Soft Drinks on Shear Bond Strength and Adhesive Remnant Index of Orthodontic Metal Brackets Soodabeh Sadat Sajadi 1, Gholamreza Eslami amirabadi 2, Sepideh Sajadi 3 1 Assistant
More informationNatural Tooth Pontic using Fiber-reinforced Composite for Immediate Tooth Replacement
10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1035 CLINICAL ARTICLE Natural Tooth Pontic using Fiber-reinforced Composite for Immediate Tooth Replacement Natural Tooth Pontic using Fiber-reinforced Composite for Immediate
More informationThe procedure for bonding orthodontic brackets
SHORT COMMUNICATION Examination of enamel-adhesive interface with focused ion beam and scanning electron microscopy Rogelio José Scougall Vilchis, a Yasuaki Hotta, b and Kohji Yamamoto c Mizuho, Japan
More informationORIGINAL RESEARCH. Sandhya CA Shyam Lohakare, Pushpa Vinay Hazarey ABSTRACT
ORIGINAL RESEARCH Comparison of shear bond strength of no mix-composite resin, self cure resin reinforced glass ionomer cement and light cure resin reinforced glass ionomer cement: an in-vitro study Sandhya
More informationVarious composite resins are used in orthodontic
CLINICIAN S CORNER Four applications of reinforced polyethylene fiber material in orthodontic practice Ali Ihya Karaman, DDS, PhD, a Nihal Kir, DDS, b and Sema Belli, DDS, PhD c Konya, Turkey Four different
More informationMDJ Evaluation the effect of eugenol containing temporary Vol.:9 No.:2 2012
MDJ Evaluation the effect of eugenol containing temporary fillings on shear bond strength of composite restoration Dr. Farid G. Numan B.D.S., M.Sc Abstract The purpose of this in-vitro study was to evaluate
More informationEven though the acid-etching technique is useful
SHORT COMMUNICATION Bond failure rates with a self-etching primer: A randomized controlled trial Julio Pedra e Cal-Neto, a Cátia Abdo Quintão, b Marco Antônio de Oliveira Almeida, c and José Augusto Mendes
More informationAn In-Vivo Comparison Of The Efficacy Between Direct And Indirect Bonding Methods
ISPUB.COM The Internet Journal of Dental Science Volume 13 Number 1 An In-Vivo Comparison Of The Efficacy Between Direct And Indirect Bonding Methods P Premanand, A J Shankar Citation P Premanand, A J
More informationBonding to dentine: How it works. The future of restorative dentistry
Bonding to dentine: How it works The future of restorative dentistry There are 82 adhesive systems on the market today! Are dentists confused about bonding? Michael Buonocore Buonocore MG. A simple method
More informationTransbond IDB Pre-Mix Chemical Cure Adhesive Lunch and Learn
Transbond IDB Pre-Mix Chemical Cure Adhesive Lunch and Learn Agenda Transbond IDB Pre-Mix Chemical Cure Adhesive Value Proposition Product Claims Features Advantages Benefits Product Consideration Technical
More informationEffects of CO 2 laser debonding of a ceramic bracket on the mechanical properties of enamel
Original Article Effects of CO 2 laser debonding of a ceramic bracket on the mechanical properties of enamel Masahiro Iijima a ; Yoshitaka Yasuda b ; Takeshi Muguruma c ; Itaru Mizoguchi d ABSTRACT Objective:
More informationCOMPARISON BETWEEN MOLAR BANDS, BONDABLE TUBES AND BONDABLE TUBES WITH FLOWABLE COMPOSITE
COMPARISON BETWEEN MOLAR BANDS, BONDABLE TUBES AND BONDABLE TUBES WITH FLOWABLE COMPOSITE Azrul Hafiz AA*, Diana MZ, Fitri Octavianti A,Syiral M, Ainuddin Yushar Y, Zurairah I Islamic Science University
More information[Downloaded free from on Wednesday, September 28, 2016, IP: ]
Original Article Effect of fluoridated casein phospopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate complex, chlorhexidine fluoride mouthwash on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets: A comparative in vitro
More informationObjective: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of blood contamination on shear
www.scielo.br/jaos Blood contamination effect on shear bond strength of an orthodontic hydrophilic resin Taís de Morais Alves da CUNHA 1, Bruna Ariela BEHRENS 2, Denise NASCIMENTO 2, Luciana Borges RETAMOSO
More informationComparative Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Dental Amalgam, Z350 Composite Resin and Cention-N Restoration In Class II Cavity
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-issn: 2279-0853, p-issn: 2279-0861.Volume 17, Issue 4 Ver.1 April. (2018), PP 52-56 www.iosrjournals.org Comparative Evaluation of Fracture Resistance
More informationShear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets Cured with Different Light Sources under Thermocycling
Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets Cured with Different Light Sources under Thermocycling Oral Sokucu a Seyda Herguner Siso b Firat Ozturk c Ruhi Nalcaci d ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim of this
More informationFiltek LS Low Shrink Posterior Restorative System Case 1: Cusp build-up
Case 1 This case study focuses on the restoration of an upper molar. Filtek LS Low Shrink Posterior Restorative System Case 1: Cusp build-up The existing, inadequate restoration led to the development
More informationlec: Dental material dr. Aseel Mohammed Filling material
Filling material Filling material: the material that is used to replace a missing part of the tooth which may result from dental caries, trauma or abrasion. It can be divided in to: 1. Direct filling materials:
More informationEvaluation of bond strength of orthodontic brackets without enamel etching
Journal section: Operative Dentistry and Endodontics Publication Types: Research doi:10.4317/jced.52253 http://dx.doi.org/10.4317/jced.52253 Evaluation of bond strength of orthodontic brackets without
More informationSelf-Adhesive (SA) Cement VS Dual-Cured (DC) Resin Cement
EsteCem II Self-Adhesive (SA) Cement VS Dual-Cured (DC) Resin Cement May-June 2017 Vol. 24, No.3 Self-adhesive resin cements are easy to use and provide low to medium bond strengths to tooth structure.
More informationProfessor and Head, Department of Pedodontics, D.J. College of Dental Sciences and Research, Niwari Road, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Research AHB Article Adv Hum Biol. 2015;5(2):88-92. Comparative Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Conventional Type II Glass Ionomer Cement and Triclosan Incorporated Type II Glass Ionomer Cement: An
More informationShear bond strength of a new polycarbonate bracketan in vitro study with 14 adhesives
European Journal of Orthodontics 18 (1996) 295-301 O 1996 European Orthodontic Society Shear bond strength of a new polycarbonate bracketan in vitro study with 14 adhesives Nilgun Akin-Nergiz,* Ibrahim
More informationUsed Products. Multilink Automix. Proxyt fluoride-free. OptraStick. Monobond Etch&Prime. OptraDam. Liquid Strip. OptraPol.
Used Products TOOTH - Crown - Glass-ceramics - Multilink Automix Multilink Automix The universal self-curing luting composite with optional light-curing Proxyt fluoride-free Prophy paste without fluoride
More informationTOOTH - Crown - Lithium disilicate - Non-retentive preparation - Variolink Esthetic - Adhese Universal
Used Products TOOTH - Crown - Lithium disilicate - Non-retentive preparation - Variolink Esthetic - Adhese Universal Variolink Esthetic The esthetic, light- and dual-curing adhesive luting system Proxyt
More informationBond strengths of different orthodontic adhesives after enamel conditioning with the same self-etching primer
Bond strengths of different orthodontic adhesives after enamel conditioning with the same self-etching primer Rogelio J. Scougall-Vilchis, * Chrisel Zárate-Díaz, Shusuke Kusakabe + and Kohji Yamamoto +
More informationAnisotropy of Tensile Strengths of Bovine Dentin Regarding Dentinal Tubule Orientation and Location
Original paper Dental Materials Journal 21 (1): 32-43, 2002 Anisotropy of Tensile Strengths of Bovine Dentin Regarding Dentinal Tubule Orientation and Location Toshiko INOUE, Hidekazu TAKAHASHI and Fumio
More informationAdhesive Thickness Effects on the Bond Strength of a Light- Cured Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement
Original Article Adhesive Thickness Effects on the Bond Strength of a Light- Cured Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement Selim Arici, DDS, MMedSci, PhD a ; Cem Mustafa Caniklioglu, DDS, PhD b ; Nursel Arici,
More informationOcclusal Surface Management
Occlusal Surface Management Sealant With Fluoride? Preventive Class I Resin Restoration Class I Glass Ionomer Primary Teeth Class I Composite Class I Amalgam PIT and FISSURE SEALANTS Contraindications
More informationOperative dentistry. Lec: 10. Zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE):
Operative dentistry Lec: 10 د.عبذالمنعم الخفاجي Zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE): There are 2 types: 1) Unreinforced ZOE (ordinary type): supplied as powder (zinc oxide + some additives like zinc acetate, white
More informationFujiCEM 2. Superior resin-modified glass. Force and Fusion technology. from GC. NEW SLIDE & LOCK system. ionomer luting cement with our innovative
NEW SLIDE & LOCK system FujiCEM 2 from GC Superior resin-modified glass ionomer luting cement with our innovative Force and Fusion technology for your total peace of mind. Take the next step in the dental
More informationPost Graduate Student, Dept. of Orthodontics, KD Dental College and Hospital, Mathura, UP 2
Journal section: Orthodontics Publication Types: Research doi:10.4317/jced.53237 http://dx.doi.org/10.4317/jced.53237 Evaluation of surface roughness of enamel after various bonding and clean-up procedures
More informationTHE FIRST ALL CERAMIC-BASED FLOWABLE DIRECT RESTORATIVE
THE FIRST ALL CERAMIC-BASED FLOWABLE DIRECT RESTORATIVE Admira Fusion Flow FLOWABLE NANO-ORMOCER DIRECT RESTORATIVE Admira Fusion / Admira Fusion Flow THE WORLD S FIRST ALL CERAMIC-BASED FLOWABLE DIRECT
More informationColourf low. light cured dental flowable composite
Colourf low light cured dental flowable composite DENTAL LIFE SCIENCES (mfg) Ltd. Unit A3, Wigan Enterprise Court, Wigan Enterprise Park, WN2 2LE United Kingdom www.dentallifesciences.com Colourf low flowable
More informationInfluence of saliva contamination on the shear bond strength of adhesives on enamel
Influence of saliva contamination on the shear bond strength of adhesives on enamel Tatiana Feres Assad-Loss 1, Mônica Tostes 2, José Nelson Mucha 3 Objective: To evaluate shear bond strength of 3 adhesive
More informationFuji II LC. A Perfect Choice
A Perfect Choice is a remarkable restorative material The world s first resin-reinforced glass ionomer has remained the benchmark for light cured glass ionomer cements, delivering more than 15 years of
More informationIncognito Appliance System Bonding Protocols Step-by-Step Procedures
Incognito Appliance System Bonding Protocols Step-by-Step Procedures 2 Incognito Appliance System Bonding Protocols Summary Bonding Protocols Step-by-Step Procedures Adhesives 3 Bonding Dual Cure, RelyX
More informationBioCoat Featuring SmartCap Technology
R R Breakthrough! BioCoat Featuring SmartCap Technology The only bioactive pit and fissure sealant that provides relentless protection through daily release of fluoride, calcium and phosphate ions. Bioactive
More informationA Comparison of Frictional Resistance between Active and Passive Self-ligating Brackets with Conventional Bracket Systems
10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1102 H ORIGINAL Jyothikiran et RESEARCH al A Comparison of Frictional Resistance between Active and Passive Self-ligating Brackets with Conventional Bracket Systems 1 H Jyothikiran,
More informationEvaluation of Shear Bond Strength Orthodontic Bracket and Adhesive Remaining Materials on the Enamel Surface Using ARI (Adhesive Remnant Index)
Cronicon OPEN ACCESS EC DENTAL SCIENCE Research Article Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength Orthodontic Bracket and Adhesive Remaining Materials on the Enamel Surface Using ARI Rina Sutjiati 1 * and Rudy
More informationFlowable Composite for Orthodontic Bracket Bonding (in vitro study)
Tikrit Journal for Dental Sciences 1(01)44-50 Flowable Composite for Orthodontic Bracket Bonding (in vitro study) Bahn G. Agha BDS, MSc. (1) Key words flowable composite; shear bond strength; orthodontic
More informationThe Impact of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Recycling on Shear Bond Strength (SBS) of Stainless Steel Orthodontic Brackets
European International Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 3 No. 7 September, 2014 The Impact of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Recycling on Shear Bond Strength (SBS) of Stainless Steel Orthodontic Brackets Faisal
More informationTOOTH - Crown - Lithium disilicate - Retentive preparation - Super- and equigingival - Visible margin - Variolink Esthetic - ExciTE F DSC
Used Products TOOTH - Crown - Lithium disilicate - Retentive preparation - Super- and equigingival - Visible margin - Variolink Esthetic - ExciTE F DSC Variolink Esthetic The esthetic, light- and dual-curing
More informationIn Vitro Investigation of Indirect Bonding with a Hydrophilic Primer
Original Article In Vitro Investigation of Indirect Bonding with a Hydrophilic Primer Arndt Klocke, Dr med dent, MS a ; Jianmin Shi, MSc b ;Bärbel Kahl-Nieke, Dr med dent, PhD c ; Ulrich Bismayer, Dr rer
More informationRESINOMER Dual- Bisco. Instructions for Use. Cured Amalgam Bonding/Luting System
Bisco RESINOMER Dual- Cured Amalgam Bonding/Luting System 0459 Instructions for Use IN-029R9 Rev. 10/17 BISCO, Inc. 1100 W. Irving Park Road Schaumburg, IL 60193 U.S.A. 1-847-534-6000 1-800-247-3368 Caution:
More informationEvaluation and comparison of shear bond strength of new and rebonded orthodontic brackets having various mesh base designs: An in vitro study
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-issn: 2279-0853, p-issn: 2279-0861.Volume 13, Issue 9 Ver. I (Sep. 2014), PP 20-26 Evaluation and comparison of shear bond strength of new and
More informationIn Vitro Evaluation of a Moisture-Active Adhesive for Indirect Bonding
Original Article In Vitro Evaluation of a Moisture-Active Adhesive for Indirect Bonding Arndt Klocke, Dr med dent, MS a ; Jianmin Shi, MSc b ;Bärbel Kahl-Nieke, Dr med dent, PhD c ; Ulrich Bismayer, Dr
More informationContinually Fluoride Releasing Aesthetic Dental Restorative Material
Continually Fluoride Releasing Aesthetic Dental Restorative Material Research is our best product Image provided by Dr. Sushil Koirala BEAUTIFIL II More than just filling BEAUTIFIL II stands out for its
More informationHow to place a lower bonded retainer
Journal of Orthodontics, Vol. 32, 2005, 206 210 FEATURES SECTION How to place a lower bonded retainer A. A. Shah Department of Oral Health and Development, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield,
More informationInternational J. of Healthcare and Biomedical Research, Volume: 04, Issue: 01, October 2015, Pages 17-25
Original article: A Comparative evaluation of shear bond strengths of denture base to cross linked acrylic resin maxillary anterior teeth with and without retentive grooves - An invitro study Dr.D.Sudha
More informationClinical evaluation of the failure rates of metallic brackets
Universidade de São Paulo Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual - BDPI Departamento de Clínica Infantil, Odontologia Preventiva e Social - FORP/807 Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - FORP/807
More informationALEXANDER DAVIS CRANFORD ANDRE F. H. FERREIRA, CHAIR ALEXANDER JACOBSON P. LIONEL SADOWSKY A THESIS
CLINICAL COMPARISON OF TWO INDIRECT BONDING SYSTEMS ON RETENTION RATES OF ORTHODONTIC BRACKETS: CHEMICAL CURED CUSTOM BASE VS. LIGHT-CURED NON-CUSTOM BASE by ALEXANDER DAVIS CRANFORD ANDRE F. H. FERREIRA,
More informationDH220 Dental Materials
DH220 Dental Materials Lecture #5 Prof. Lamanna RDH, MS Restorative Dentistry: Glass Ionomer Bird & Robinson p.740-741 I. Use Liner Base Luting agent Restorative material: Class III, V, & eroded/abraded
More informationGREAT LAKES BRACKETS. Treat with Quality. Treat with Confidence.
GREAT LAKES BRACKETS Treat with Quality. Treat with Confidence. BRACKET SYSTEMS DESIGNED BY ORTHODONTISTS, FOR ORTHODONTISTS, GREAT LAKES BRACKETS DELIVER. EVERY SINGLE BRACKET IS HAND INSPECTED AND ENGINEERED
More informationThe halogen light is the most commonly used
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Efficiency of light-emitting diode and halogen units in reducing residual monomers Felipe de Assis Ribeiro Carvalho, a Rhita C. Almeida, a Marco Antonio Almeida, b Lucia H. S. Cevidanes,
More informationThe acid-etch technique has been widely used in
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Comparison of bond strength between orthodontic brackets bonded with halogen and plasma arc curing lights: An in-vitro and in-vivo study Michael D. Signorelli, a Elizabeth Kao, b Peter
More informationThe effect of herbal teas on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets
European Journal of Orthodontics 31 (2009) 385 389 doi:10.1093/ejo/cjn129 Advance Access publication 31 March 2009 The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Orthodontic
More informationUsed Products. Variolink N LC. Proxyt fluoride-free. OptraStick. Ivoclean. Monobond N. OptraDam. N-Etch. Tetric N-Bond.
Used Products TOOTH - Veneer - Glass-ceramics - Variolink N LC - Tetric N-Bond Variolink N LC The microfilled, purely light-curing luting composite system Proxyt fluoride-free Prophy paste without fluoride
More informationAcknowledgments Introduction p. 1 Objectives p. 1 Goals p. 2 History of Dental Materials p. 3 The Oral Environment p. 4 Characteristics of the Ideal
Preface p. v Acknowledgments p. vii Introduction p. 1 Objectives p. 1 Goals p. 2 History of Dental Materials p. 3 The Oral Environment p. 4 Characteristics of the Ideal Dental Material p. 5 Quality Assurance
More informationEffects of selenium-containing sealant and adhesive system on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets
Effects of selenium-containing sealant and adhesive system on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets Bennett Tochukwu Amaechi Kaveh Najibfard Irene Pelagie Chedjieu 1 Linda Ogechukwu Okoye 2 Peter
More informationBond strengths between composite resin and auto cure glass ionomer cement using the co-cure technique
SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE Australian Dental Journal 2006;51:(2):175-179 Bond strengths between composite resin and auto cure glass ionomer cement using the co-cure technique GM Knight,* JM McIntyre,* Mulyani*
More informationVictory Series Active Self-Ligating Brackets. Reliable. and. Effective
Victory Series Active Self-Ligating Brackets Reliable and Effective Victory Series Active Self-Ligating Brackets Reliability Victory Series SL Brackets are widely accepted as an industry benchmark for
More informationHoward E. Strassler, DMD University of Maryland School of Dentistry
Part II National Board Review Operative Dentistry-Biomaterials Structures, chemical properties, physical properties BASIC CONCEPTS ON HOW DENTAL MATERIALS WORK! Howard E. Strassler, DMD University of Maryland
More informationCalibra. Cements. The Simple Choice for Easy Cleanup
Calibra Cements The Simple Choice for Easy Cleanup www.calibracement.com The Calibra family of definitive cements was designed to make it easier than ever to achieve consistent, successful results in your
More informationPosterior Adhesive Dentistry
Posterior Adhesive Dentistry Stephen D. Poss DDS Michigan Dental The following pages contain a summary of information designed to assist you with the armamentarium, preparation, and cementation of anterior
More informationDURATEMP Temporary Crown & Bridge Material. Temrex Corporation October 2009
DURATEMP Temporary Crown & Bridge Material Temrex Corporation October 2009 DURATEMP Temporary Crown & Bridge Material Overview Product Characteristics Physical Properties Case Report Instructions Ordering
More informationArticle. Reference. Light-curing time reduction with a new high-power halogen lamp. STAUDT, Christine Bettina, et al.
Article Light-curing time reduction with a new high-power halogen lamp STAUDT, Christine Bettina, et al. Abstract Orthodontic brackets are routinely bonded with light-cured adhesives. Conventional halogen
More informationBond Strength of Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Containing Orthodontic Composite Used as a Lingual Retainer Adhesive
Original Article Bond Strength of Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Containing Orthodontic Composite Used as a Lingual Retainer Adhesive Tancan Uysal a ; Mustafa Ulker b ; Gulsen Akdogan c ; Sabri Ilhan Ramoglu
More informationCERASMART. The new leader in hybrid ceramic blocks
The new leader in hybrid ceramic blocks Introducing, a new force absorbing hybrid ceramic block 20 µm Contains high density of ultra fine homogeneously-dispersed fillers in a highly cross-linked resin
More informationThe influence of different bracket base surfaces on tensile and shear bond strength
European Journal of Orthodontics 30 (2008) 490 494 doi:10.1093/ejo/cjn029 Advance cess publication 5 August 2008 The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Orthodontic
More informationThe effect of different force magnitudes for placement of orthodontic brackets on shear bond strength, in three adhesive systems
Journal section: Orthodontics Publication Types: Research doi:10.4317/jced.54733 http://dx.doi.org/10.4317/jced.54733 The effect of different force magnitudes for placement of orthodontic brackets on shear
More informationBioCoat Featuring SmartCap Technology
new! BioCoat Featuring SmartCap Technology Premier s new bioactive pit and fissure sealant provides relentless protection, outstanding adhesion and extended fluoride release. Bioactive Release - Uptake
More information