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4 GF (:&# H-#$. (:-B& CDE F(65>?9) 8 )9: ; & 7.<5 # 6) DMFT 3 78 * 5 6 3/56 ± 2/652 /26 ± 2/961 /38 ± 2/899 /90 ± 2/759 3/89 ± 2/917 /09 ± 2/837 3/39 ± 2/380 /00 ± 2/828 3/97 ± 2/852 3/83 ± 2/79 /22 ± 2/780 /3 ± 3/103 3/50 ± 2/515 3/99 ± 2/950 /31 ± 3/ ± 2/75 3/3 ± 1/396 /56 ± 2/308 /60 ± 1/667 5/00 ± /000 5/50 ± 3/536 2/25 ± 1/893 DMFT: Decay, Missing, Filling tooth IJ8 31 7/ 28/3 2/3 5/ 3/1 38/5 12/8 0/2 58/3 31/2 6/2 3/ 25/6 3/5 17/1 7/5 3/1 1/7 0/5 0/5 0/2 0/ IJ8 31 )KB8 : /7 10/2 13/ 10/9 18/7 10/0 8/1 6/0 6/0 1/8 1/8 0/8 0/ 0/ 0/1 0/3 0/1 DMFT: Decay, Missing, Filling tooth 1'2! 12! 13! 1 -G ^ d % 1 % 2 % 3 % -G 0M % 1 % 2 % 3 -G A$K % 1 % 2 % 3 % % 5 % 6 % 7 % 8 % 10 (65>?9) 8 )9: ; & 7.<5 DMFT ^ d : -& - y 0M : -&....$ - ):o= )$ A$K : -&!" DMFT

5 98 ) DMFT 7nH.% 6 ;% $H ( ) -% 0& nh (E-1 0- $/& $/ U$1 U6 6 5 m@ & value = 0/165) -F -& )- y 0M ) ^ d : -& % -% 7- $ ).$ 7 DN A$K : : ). Q # ). %.- $. 7- :o= )$ A$K : ^ d : % (DMFT nh) E-1.$.% 5G" a?& {$ )e. $%.- 0% $If =6.- mi<&. $ E-1 $I 7G -% 0& nh (p value 0/083) - 76 E-1 %$g& $% =6 ). 7$C $I a?& 3!-.(p value 0/205) A$K : )- y 0M : ) ^ d : 0& nh 0 $G7 %.$ 7- :o= )$.-7 F DMFT nh $% -% DMFT nh % ^ d : -&.% a?& 7 DN A$K : -&.(p value = 0/001) % DMFT nh (p value = 0/037).$!-.- a?& (p value = 0/001) 6 $B-= % $% 7$C Bd?G7.-7 F $% (:-. N* 9)- OI NP# Q 7 &1 NP# 7 R.D NP#,1 (:-B& S F)7 T)&.3 3+ =3 >? 0/267 0/001 0/025 0/083 0/03 0/205 VE P0W 1F.7.<5 DMFTU(F F.8 U : F,)- T -1/11 3/97-2/21 1/733 2/028-1/268 DMFT: Decay, Missing, Filling tooth 5 ;< β 0/129-0/073 0/058 0/065-0/01 : ;< 3? 1/6 0/113 0/118 0/118 0/065 0 B -1/62 0/8-0/26 0/205 0/ %I -#. ^ d : - y 0M :.$ - ):o= )$ A$K : -% 0& nh VE P0W 1F.7.<5 - X)) F 1F. (:-B& X&DY: C)V.3+ r = -0/029 p value = 0/376 DMFT r = -0/05 p value = 0/165 r = 0/126 p value = 0/001 DMFT: Decay, Missing, Filling tooth 7D E: r = 0/068 p value = 0/037 r = -0/009 p value = 0/788 r = 0/039 p value = 0/227! B 13+ C r = -0/037 p value = 0/26 r = 0/019 p value = 0/553 r = 0/015 p value = 0/636 r = -0/157 p value = 13+! r = 0/20 p value = 0/001 r = 0/01 p value = 0/756 r = -0/066 p value = 0/03 r = 0/01 p value = 0/665 r = -0/032 p value = 0/317 ^ d : -& - y 0M :.$ 7 DN A$K : DMFT nh -% 0& nh..- $E $l - 95 G@ W % 0/05 p; 156

6 - 0 $ 7 - $% 5; ):5;.[11 )12 )26 )27]-% cwo.% a?& )76 &ii<& ` $dm& a" % -% ) 0- E-1 jg ;i : % 76 $ $ )- 0 LG& 0-F % 76 5W W# a?& E x7 0- $= A$K!G". )$B :?# %. E-1 2d q G7 - $i " L> 2 0M!? % -$7 )$E $ )FE$% H?@ $i % -% 0& nh )$= ^- }#% )- % $ zg7 E-1 $i.% 6 a?& :ii<& H$% 0-$E d -$&.$E -% 0& nh DMFT % ( ) DMT?< E-!@ 7 - W 9d".& $ ;i : % -% 0& nh.1 $i!g". ).zg7.$e. qd" $% -% 0& nh [% $i % DMFT c?&$ )- $E0-6 % c?&$ : 70$E vko.. 0 nof& - : $C& $ )-7.1 #$ % -7 #$ % 0-7F $. - & DN L> : $C&!? % $ DN L>!$ $% $ q?.-%.$e : -7 A$K 7 H DN :!$ $l E-1 $;H & $E $l & -/G& 7.%$.[27] $%) $ - E-1.% a?&!g" 0- &G =>5% $l (-% 0& nh e L> $l 0- U-O 7$C i -$7 )$E 7$C #G -K $ DN - W 0M -/% ). - $B d% 6 $B =. G7 d%. $% -% ;i )0- jg :ii<& & $B 7 ).zg7.[28-31]- 0- jg &M a?& [18]Mitola Macek ;% % =$6-7E-1 E-1 -% 0& nh.%.-$= 0-7F G $ E-1.% a?& x7 [23]0 W# /M % 0& nh :7 mi<& 2 )[2] =G7 Pinto.-$= E-1 a?& )$B0-6 -$ $% )- E-1 $l 1 Ds/ds nh -% 0& nh.% a?& mi<& 2 [25] =G7 Kantovitz.- )$E : - :5; 9O % 2&Gd -7 -G mi<& 2 ci.% 0$ L7 $ - E-1.% a?&.& KOF a?& ):ii<& H$% )S % DMFT -% 0& nh.% a?& [26] =G7 Willershausen G56 -% e E-1 $ 7 - E-1 )-$ U E $% ).zg7. 7G % a?& )G E-1 a?& % [27] =G7 Willerhausen e % 0& nh )$ A$K : -& - F G56 -% 7 %F) E-1 % a?& a?& -% 0& nh ($" mi<&.[27] - Ld $7 E-1 % " $@ :M& % :M& 5;.. $% 5;.-% 5 12 & 1 ;i 6 $H $% $% = ) 7-< Q5 % 5;. 7 l % $%..-F L7 $ $d1 6 Q 6 " 5; )$EG U& ` :M& e. $% )- jg 5 #M e - :M& W? :5; % 5;. 0-6 % $ $H $d1 G $% 5; )7G 157

7 $&Q ` (:7) $B0-6 : % - E-1.-6 % &, - E-1.% 6 ;% 5;. U$1 U6 6 5 m@ $H : -& % -% 0& nh.-f $/& $/ A$K : -& )- y 0M ) ^ d.- a?& $. 7- $ ).$ 7 DN :o= )$ A$K : ^ d :.-$If E-1.$ 7- F * $G 0F [ $ e-/ 6 9 W. %.-6 QG# % $=F& $-i& )- 0G Q?i& 5i. 6..% % $G?d $G $l -% %$ Q # %&. 0-F % :ii<&.[32 )33]-d7 ;< => % QG& -$7 ) S L/. \WO ;< Q # i ) )c $ $C& : 0-0 nof&.[3]-%.=g 0& nh.% 5W W# ;% % = j-#!$ = j-# G 7 - E-1 $% -% # 0< $l mi<& ` $EWH - 7$C G&.-% 5;. 7-< - 7 -/% 7 7 $I 0-6 :5; $E /F1 E-1 ;% E-1 $% $% $% \WO. $d1 $H 6 = ;i $" 5; ). $% 0o#. a?& % % /F1. $%% $E jg References 1. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 2000; 89: i Lobstein T, Frelut ML. Prevalence of overweight among children in Europe. Obes Rev 2003; (): Krebs NF, Jacobson MS. Prevention of pediatric overweight and obesity. Pediatrics 2003; 112(2): Andersen RE, Crespo CJ, Bartlett SJ, Cheskin LJ, Pratt M. Relationship of physical activity and television watching with body weight and level of fatness among children: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA 1998; 279(12): Romito LM. Introduction to nutrition and oral health. Dent Clin North Am 2003; 7(2): Gurney M, Gorstein J. The global prevalence of obesity--an initial overview of available data. World Health Stat Q 1988; 1(3-): Kelishadi R, Pour MH, Sarraf-Zadegan N, Sadry GH, Ansari R, Alikhassy H, et al. Obesity and associated modifiable environmental factors in Iranian adolescents: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program - Heart Health Promotion from Childhood. Pediatr Int 2003; 5(): Fazizi F, Esmaillzadeh A, Mirmiran FP. Obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Tehran adults: a population-based study. East Mediterr Health J 200; 10(6): Vann WF, Jr., Bouwens TJ, Braithwaite AS, Lee JY. The childhood obesity epidemic: a role for pediatric dentists? Pediatr Dent 2005; 27(): Amin TT, Al-Abad BM. Oral hygiene practices, dental knowledge, dietary habits and their relation to caries among male primary school children in Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia. Int J Dent Hyg 2008; 6(): Sakeenabi B, Swamy HS, Mohammed RN. Association between obesity, dental caries and socioeconomic status in 6- and 13-year-old school children. Oral Health Prev Dent 2012; 10(3): Chakravathy PK, Chenna D, Chenna V. Association of anthropometric measures and dental caries among a group of adolescent cadets of Udupi district, South India. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2012; 13(5): Thippeswamy HM, Kumar N, Acharya S, Pentapati KC. Relationship between body mass index and dental caries among adolescent children in South India. West Indian Med J 2011; 60(5): Hooley M, Skouteris H, Millar L. The relationship between childhood weight, dental caries and eating practices in children aged -8 years in Australia, Pediatr Obes 2012; 7(6):

8 15. Heinrich-Weltzien R, Monse B, Benzian H, Heinrich J, Kromeyer-Hauschild K. Association of dental caries and weight status in 6- to 7-year-old Filipino children. Clin Oral Investig Alves LS, Susin C, Dame-Teixeira N, Maltz M. Overweight and obesity are not associated with dental caries among 12-year-old South Brazilian schoolchildren. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2013; 1(3): Mojarad F, Maybodi MH. Association between dental caries and body mass index among hamedan elementary school children in J Dent (Tehran) 2011; 8(): Macek MD, Mitola DJ. Exploring the association between overweight and dental caries among US children. Pediatr Dent 2006; 28(): Peat J, Elliott E, Baur L, Keena V. Scientific writing: Easy when you know how. 1 st ed. London, UK: BMJ Books; World Health Organization. Oral health surveys: Basic methods. 3 rd ed. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1987.p Jong A. Community dental health. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby; Stegeman CA, Davis JR. The dental hygienist's guide to nutritional care. 2 nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; p Sadeghi M, Alizadeh F. Association between Dental Caries and Body Mass Index-For-Age among 6-11-Year-Old Children in Isfahan in J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2007; 1(3): Pinto A, Kim S, Wadenya R, Rosenberg H. Is there an association between weight and dental caries among pediatric patients in an urban dental school? A correlation study. J Dent Educ 2007; 71(11): Kantovitz KR, Pascon FM, Rontani RM, Gaviao MB. Obesity and dental caries--a systematic review. Oral Health Prev Dent 2006; (2): Willershausen B, Haas G, Krummenauer F, Hohenfellner K. Relationship between high weight and caries frequency in German elementary school children. Eur J Med Res 200; 9(8): Willerhausen B, Blettner M, Kasaj A, Hohenfellner K. Association between body mass index and dental health in 1,290 children of elementary schools in a German city. Clin Oral Investig 2007; 11(3): Cinar AB, Murtomaa H. Interrelation between obesity, oral health and life-style factors among Turkish school children. Clin Oral Investig 2011; 15(2): Tramini P, Molinari N, Tentscher M, Demattei C, Schulte AG. Association between caries experience and body mass index in 12-year-old French children. Caries Res 2009; 3(6): Kopycka-Kedzierawski DT, Auinger P, Billings RJ, Weitzman M. Caries status and overweight in 2- to 18-yearold US children: findings from national surveys. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2008; 36(2): Marshall TA, Eichenberger-Gilmore JM, Broffitt BA, Warren JJ, Levy SM. Dental caries and childhood obesity: roles of diet and socioeconomic status. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2007; 35(6): Clement K. Genetics of human obesity. Proc Nutr Soc 2005; 6(2): Wardle J. Understanding the aetiology of childhood obesity: implications for treatment. Proc Nutr Soc 2005; 6(1): Berkowitz RI, Stallings VA, Maislin G, Stunkard AJ. Growth of children at high risk of obesity during the first 6 y of life: implications for prevention. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 81(1):

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10 Determination of association between some caries-related factors in permanent teeth with body mass index of female school students in Tehran, Iran Abstract Mozhgan Faezi, Nooshin Jalayer Naderi*, Salimeh Lashkari Introduction: Some investigations have shown a direct and significant correlation between BMI (body mass index) and dental caries. The aim of this study was to determine the association between obesity and dental caries in the permanent teeth of 12-1-year-old female students of guidance schools in districts 5 and 6 in Tehran, Iran in Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 950 female students, aged 12 1 years old, were selected randomly from guidance schools in districts 5 and 6 in Tehran. The frequency of brushing, flossing, daily consumption of snacks, DMFT (Decayed, Missing, Filled) and BMI were assessed using interviews and clinical examinations. The association of the variables was determined by Pearson s correlation and linear regression statistical tests at a confidence interval of 95%. Results: The means of DMFT index were 3.56 ± 2.652,.26 ± and.38 ± in 12-, 13- and 1-year-old students, respectively. Evaluation of the effect of demographic variables, oral hygiene habits and obesity on DMFT showed that age (p value = 0.001), toothbrushing frequency (p value = 0.025) and frequency of snack consumption daily (p value = 0.03) are effective on tooth decay. However, no correlation was found between frequency of flossing (p value 0.083) and BMI (p value 0.205) with tooth decay. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant association between DMFT and BMI of year-old female students in Tehran. There was no relationship between the frequency of sweet snacks consumption and age with BMI. Toothbrushing frequency and frequency of sweet snacks consumption have an effect on tooth decay. Key words: Body mass index, Dental caries, Obesity Received: 6 Mar, 2013 Accepted: 1 May, 2013 Address: Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran jalayer@shahed.ac.ir Citation: Faezi M, Jalayer Naderi N, Lashkari S. Determination of association between some caries-related factors in permanent teeth with body mass index of female school students in Tehran, Iran. J Isfahan Dent Sch 2013; 9(2):