About the Editors viii Contributors ix Reviewers x Foreword xi. Jessie Pavlinac, MS, RD, CSR. Chapter 1: American Indian Food Practices 1

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1 6314-FM.pdf 8/11/09 2:51 PM Page iii About the Editors viii Contributors ix Reviewers x Foreword xi Jessie Pavlinac, MS, RD, CSR Introduction: Cultural Competence and Nutrition Counseling Cynthia M. Goody, PhD, MBA, RD, and Lorena Drago, MS, RD, CDN, CDE xii Chapter 1: American Indian Food Practices 1 CAPT Tammy L. Brown, MPH, RD, BC-ADM, CDE, Ellie Zephier, MPH, RD, and LCDR Michelle L. Johnson, MS, RD Introduction 1 Diabetes Prevalence 2 Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes 3 Northern Plains Tribes 4 Navajos 8 Counseling Considerations 12 Resources 17 Chapter 2: Alaska Native Food Practices 20 CDR Carol Treat, MS, RD, CDE, Ila Champine, RD, and Karen Fowles, RD Introduction 20 Diabetes Prevalence 21 Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes 21 Traditional Foods and Dishes 21 Traditional Meal Patterns and Holiday Foods 23 Traditional Community Structure 23 Current Food Practices 23 Counseling Considerations 24 Conclusion 26 Resources 26 Chapter 3: African American Food Practices 28 Lorraine Weatherspoon, PhD, RD, Deirdra Chester, PhD, RD, and Tandalayo Kidd, PhD, RD Introduction 28 Diabetes Prevalence 28 Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes 29 Traditional Foods and Dishes 29 Traditional Health Beliefs 29 Current Food Practices 32 Counseling Considerations 33 Resources 38 iii

2 6314-FM.pdf 8/11/09 2:51 PM Page iv iv Chapter 4: Mexican American Food Practices 42 Kathaleen Briggs Early, PhD, RD, CDE, and Eva Brzezinski, MS, RD Introduction 42 Diabetes Prevalence 42 Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes 43 Traditional Foods and Dishes 43 Traditional Meal Patterns and Holiday Foods 44 Traditional Health Beliefs 46 Current Food Practices 47 Counseling Considerations 47 Conclusion 51 Resources 51 Chapter 5: Central American Food Practices 54 Jamillah Hoy-Rosas, MPH, RD, CDN, CDE, Ericka Arrecis, RD, CDE, and Marisol Avila, RD, CDE Introduction 54 Diabetes Prevalence 54 Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes 55 Traditional Foods and Dishes 57 Traditional Meal Patterns and Holiday Foods 61 Traditional Health Beliefs 63 Current Food Practices 63 Counseling Considerations 63 Resources 65 Chapter 6: Caribbean Hispanic Food Practices 67 Lorena Drago, MS, RD, CDN, CDE Introduction 67 Diabetes Prevalence 67 Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes 67 Traditional Foods and Dishes 68 Traditional Meal Patterns and Holiday Foods 70 Traditional Health Beliefs 72 Current Food Practices 73 Counseling Considerations 73 Resources 76 Chapter 7: South American Food Practices 78 Raquel Franzini Pereira, MS, RD, and Chantelle C. Kurtz, RD Introduction 78 Diabetes Prevalence 78 Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes 79 Traditional Foods and Dishes 79 Traditional Meal Patterns and Holiday Foods 79 Traditional Health Beliefs 85

3 6314-FM.pdf 8/11/09 2:51 PM Page v v Current Food Practices 85 Counseling Considerations 86 Resources 88 Chapter 8: Asian Indian and Pakistani Food Practices 92 Karmeen D. Kulkarni, MS, RD, BC-ADM, CDE Introduction 92 Diabetes Prevalence 92 Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes 92 Traditional Foods and Dishes 93 Traditional Meal Patterns and Holiday Foods 93 Traditional Health Beliefs 98 Current Food Practices 98 Counseling Considerations 99 Conclusion 100 Resources 100 Chapter 9: Chinese American Food Practices 102 Sophia Cheung, MS, RD, CDE Introduction 102 Diabetes Prevalence 103 Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes 103 Traditional Foods and Dishes 103 Traditional Meal Patterns and Holiday Foods 108 Traditional Health Beliefs 110 Current Food Practices 110 Counseling Considerations 111 Chapter 10: Hmong American Food Practices 118 Diane Veale Jones, MS, RD Introduction 118 Diabetes Prevalence 118 Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes 118 Traditional Foods and Dishes 119 Traditional Meal Patterns and Holiday Foods 120 Traditional Health Beliefs 123 Current Food Practices 124 Counseling Considerations 124 Conclusion 129 Resources 129 Chapter 11: Filipino American Food Practices 132 Rosa A. Mo, EdD, RD, and Janet Jeffrey, MS, RD Introduction 132 Diabetes Prevalence 132

4 6314-FM.pdf 8/11/09 2:51 PM Page vi vi Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes 133 Traditional Foods and Dishes 133 Traditional Meal Patterns and Holiday Foods 137 Traditional Health Beliefs 138 Current Food Practices 139 Counseling Considerations 140 Conclusion 142 Resources 142 Chapter 12: Korean American Food Practices 144 Haewook Han, PhD, RD, CSR, Jennifer Kwon, MS, RD, and Linda C. Ro, MS, RD Introduction 144 Diabetes Prevalence 144 Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes 145 Traditional Foods and Dishes 145 Traditional Meal Patterns and Holiday Foods 149 Traditional Health Beliefs 149 Current Food Practices 150 Counseling Considerations 150 Resources 153 Chapter 13: Cajun and Creole Food Practices 155 Colette Guidry Leistner, PhD, RD, and Lauren Hirschfeld, MS, RD Introduction 155 Diabetes Prevalence 156 Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes 156 Traditional Foods and Dishes 156 Traditional Meal Patterns and Holiday Foods 160 Traditional Health Beliefs 161 Current Food Practices 162 Counseling Considerations 164 Resources 168 Chapter 14: Jewish Food Practices 170 Claudia Shwide-Slavin, MS, RD, BC-ADM, CDE Introduction 170 Diabetes Prevalence 170 Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes 170 Traditional Foods and Dishes 171 Holiday Foods and Meal Patterns 175 Traditional Health Beliefs 179 The Kosher Diet 179 Counseling Considerations 180 Resources 183

5 6314-FM.pdf 8/11/09 2:51 PM Page vii vii Chapter 15: Islamic Food Practices 185 Sharon Palmer, RD Introduction 185 Diabetes Prevalence 185 Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes 186 Traditional Foods and Dishes 186 Traditional Meal Patterns and Holiday Foods 187 Traditional Health Beliefs 190 Current Food Practices 191 Counseling Considerations 191 Resources 194 Appendix A: Nutrient Analyses for Selected Ethnic Foods 197 Appendix B: General Counseling Tips for Medical Nutrition Therapy Recommendations 232 Appendix C: Dietary Supplement Intake Assessment: Questions to Ask Clients 234 Index 235