TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO. ABSTRACT

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1 vii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO. ABSTRACT LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS iii xi xii xiii 1 INTRODUCTION CLINICAL DATA MINING OBJECTIVES OF THE RESEARCH LITERATURE REVIEW Research Works Based on Data Mining Techniques Research Works on Data Mining Using Clinical Datasets Research Works on Heart Disease Prognosis, Diagnosis and Risk Prediction Research Works on Diagnosis and Prediction of Hepatitis Research Works on Correlation among Hepatitis, Heart Disease, Diabetes and Anaemia ORGANISATION OF THE THESIS 31

2 viii CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO. 2 INTELLIGENT PREDICTIVE MODEL FOR KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY FROM CLINICAL DATASETS PRE-PROCESSING PRE-MINING SUBSYSTEM MINING SUBSYSTEM EVALUATING SUBSYSTEM KNOWLEDGE BASE INFERENCE AND FORECASTING SUBSYSTEM EVALUATION OF THE MODEL 42 3 NEURO FUZZY APPROACH FOR PREDICTING THE SURVIVAL OF HEPATITIS HEPATITIS DATA PRE-MINING SUBSYSTEM Principal Component Analysis Technique Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Technique NEURO FUZZY CLASSIFIER INFERENCE AND FORECASTING SUBSYSTEM EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 52 4 COMPARATIVE WORK FOR DISCOVERING RULES FROM HEPATITIS DATASET HEPATITIS DATASET PRE-MINING SUBYSTEM 57

3 ix CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO. 4.3 MINING SUBSYSTEM Association Rule Mining Neural Network Decision Tree RULE VALIDATIONSUBSYSTEM INFERENCE AND FORECASTING EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 64 5 STATISTICAL APPROACH FOR PREDICTING THE PRESENCE OF HEART DISEASE HEART DISEASE DATASET PRE-MINING SUBSYSTEM MINING SUBSYSTEM Contingency Table Generation Rule Generation VALIDATION SUBSYSTEM INFERENCE AND FORECASTING SUBSYSTEM Classification Weight of Evidence Confidence Estimation EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 79 6 FUZZY NEURO-GENETIC APPROACH FOR PREDICTING THE SEVERITY OF HEART DISEASE HEART DISEASE DATA PRE-MINING SUBSYSTEM 84

4 x CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO. 6.3 MINING SUBSYSTEM Training Rule Selection VALIDATION SUBSYSTEM KNOWLEDGE BASE INFERENCE AND FORECASTING SUBSYSTEM EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 91 7 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORKS CONCLUSION FUTURE WORK 99 REFERENCES 101 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS 112 VITAE 113

5 xi LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE NO. 3.1 Dataset Description (Hepatitis) Contingency Table for best run Contingency Table for average run Contingency Table for worst run Performance Measures Illustrative Time-Series Hepatitis Data Attributes and their variations over time Number of rules generated Confusion Matrix (Neural Network) Confusion Matrix (Decision Tree) Performance Measure of Intelligent Rule Miner Hungarian Dataset Description Contingency table for sex and chest pain type Heart Disease Data Contingency Table (Bayesian Classifier) Performance Measures Description of Heart Disease Database Explicatory Rules Contingency Table (Heart Disease) Comparison of Classification Accuracy for Cleveland heart data Comparison of Classification Accuracy for Hepatitis Data Comparison of Classification Accuracy for Heart Disease Data 98

6 xii LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE NO. TITLE PAGE NO. 2.1 Model for Knowledge Discovery Model Tailored Using Neuro-Fuzzy Inferencing Technique for Predicting Survival of Hepatitis Neuro-Fuzzy Classifier Model Tailored Using Association Rule Mining, Neural Network and Decision Tree to Predict Hepatitis Network Architecture Decision Tree Histogram Error Rate for Training Model Tailored Using Statistical Classifier to Predict Heart Disease Explicatory Rules Model Tailored Using Fuzzy Neuro-Genetic Technique for Predicting the Severity of Heart Disease Neural Network Run Time Analysis 92

7 xiii LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS ANFIS ATP ALB ALK AMP ANN BMI CVD CTM CHE CANFIS CHF CSFNN CABG CAD CHD DAC ECG ESRD EPO FSS FACO FCM FL FNN - Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System - Adult Treatment Panel - Albumin - Alkaline - Anemia Management Protocol - Artificial Neural Networks - Body Mass Index - Cardiovascular Diseases - Central Tendency Measure - Cholinesterase - Co-Active Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System - Congestive Heart Failure - Conic Section Function Neural Network - Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery - Coronary Artery Disease - Coronary Heart Disease - Direct Adaptive Controller - Electro Cardio Graph - End Stage Renal Disease - Erythropoeitin - Feature Subset Selection - Fuzzy based Ant Colony Algorithm - Fuzzy C-Means Clustering - Fuzzy Logic - Fuzzy Neural Network

8 xiv FRBCS - Fuzzy Rule Based Classifier System GRNN - Generalized Regression Neural Network GA - Genetic Algorithms GOT - Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transminase GPT - Glutamic-Pyruvic Transminase HGB - Hemoglobin HBV - Hepatitis B Virus HCV - Hepatitis C Virus HDV - Hepatitis D Virus HEMR - Hepatitis Electronic Medical Record System HDL-C - High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol HOMA-IR - Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance HIV - Human Immuodeficiency Virus IHDPS - Intelligent Heart Disease Prediction System LEM - Learning From Examples LVQ - Learning Vector Quantization LDL - Low Density Lipoprotein UCS - Michigan-style Learning Classifier System MICD - Minimum Inter Class Distance Classifier MPC - Model Predictive Controller MLP - Multi Layer Perceptron MI - Myocardial Infarction NLCS - Neural Based Learning Classifier System NeC4.5 - Neural Ensemble based C4.5 NN - Neural Networks PD - Pattern Discovery PCI - Percutaneous Coronary Intervention PTDM - Post Transplant Diabetes Mellitus PCA - Principle Component Analysis

9 xv PNN TP RBF RFNN RNA SGOT SGPT SNP SARSA SRNN SQL SVM TTT T-BIL T-CHO TRF TSAT UCI WHO ZTT - Probabilistic Neural Network - Protein Total - Radial Basis Function - Recurrent Fuzzy Neural Network - Ribo-Nucleic Acid - Serum Glutamic-Ocaloacetic Transminase - Serum Glutamic-Pyruvic Transminase - Single Nucleotide Polymorphism - State-Action-Reward-State-Action - State-space Recurrent Neural Networks - Structured Query Language - Support Vector Machine - Thymol Turbidity Test - Total Bilirubin - Total Cholesterol - Total Risk Factor - Transferin Saturation - University of California, Irvine - World Health Organization - Zinc Sulphate Turbidity Test