(Phytophthora infestans) metalaxyl dimethomorph

Transcription

1 식물병연구 Research Article Open Access Res. Plant Dis. 20(1) : 25-30(2014) (Phytophthora infestans) metalaxyl dimethomorph Mating Types of Phytophthora infestans Isolates and Their Responses to Metalaxyl and Dimethomorph in Korea 1 * , 2 *Corresponding author Tel : Fax: kimjs33@korea.kr Jeom-Soon Kim 1 *, Young-Gyu Lee 1, Min Kwon 1, Ju-Il Kim 1, Samnyu Jee 1 and Kyeong-Hun Park 2 1 Highland Agriculture Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Pyeongchang , Korea 2 Ginseng Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong , Korea Received November 5, 2013 Revised February 24, 2014 Accepted March 10, 2014 Phytophthora infestans was isolated from potato leaves collected from main potato producing areas in Korea during In 2009, 99 isolates tested were all A1 mating type. Two of 64 isolates in 2010 and two of 78 isolates in 2011 were A2 mating type and they were found only in Miryang area. Among 99 isolates examined in 2009, 13.1% was resistant to metalaxyl, 3.1% was intermediate resistant and 83.8% was sensitive. In 2010, 19.4% of 62 isolates was resistant, 4.8% was intermediate and 75.8% was sensitive. Metalaxyl resistant, intermediate and sensitive isolates collected in 2011 were 23.1%, 9.0% and 67.9%, respectively. Metalaxyl resistant isolates increased mainly in winter cropping areas and seed potato producing areas where fungicides were sprayed more often. Frequencies of isolates showing minimum inhibition concentration of dimethomorph at mg/ml were 17.2% in 2009, 19.0% in 2010 and 15.4% in However, there was no evidence for occurrence of resistant isolate to dimethomorph because no isolate was able to grow at 5.0 mg/ml. Keywords : Dimethomorph, Mating type, Metalaxyl, Phytophthora infestans, Potato Phytophthora infestans (Hooker, 1981). 1. Research in Plant Disease The Korean Society of Plant Pathology pissn , eissn (A1, A2) (Henfling, 1987). A2 1980, 1980 (Hohl Iselin, 1984) (Mosa, 1989) (Lee, 1994; So Lee, 1993). A2 (Fry Goodwin, 1997; van der Vossen, 2003). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

2 26 Research in Plant Disease Vol. 20 No. 1 70%, 20%, 5%.. 5-6, (Park, 2010), 1-3, 2-5. RNA phenylamide metalaxyl 1977 (Bruck, 1980) metalaxyl (Davidse, 1981; Dowley OSullivan, 1981), (Cohen Reuveni, 1983; Daggett, 1993; Staub Sozzi, 1981) (Choi, 1992; Koh, 1994; Lee, 1994) (Kim, 2000; Zhang, 2005) % (Park, 2010). Metalaxyl dimethomorph, metalaxyl 1990 Peronosporaceae Phytophthora (Albert, 1988; Cohen, 1995). dimethomorph 1993., metalaxyl dimethomorph. 균주수집.,,,,, cm water agar Petri dish. 0.5 cm 18 o C 4-5. (ampicillin 200 mg/ml, pimaricin 100 mg/ml, rifampicin 20 mg/ml, vancomycin 100 mg/ml 10% V8-juice agar) 1 Rye A agar 15 o C. 교배형결정. A1(KA-2) A2(BC-3). 10% V8-juice agar mm cork borer 10% V8-juice agar 18 o C 10. A1 A2, A2 A1. 약제에대한반응조사. metalaxyl dimethomorph in vitro, () BASF(). Metalaxyl (98%) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 0, 5, 100 mg/ml 10% V8-juice agar. 10% V8-juice agar mm cork borer 18 o C 7. 5 mg/ml 100 mg/ml 40%, 5 mg/ml 40%, 5 mg/ml 40%. Dimethomorph (97%) acetone 0, 0.5, 1, 5 mg/ml 10% V8-juice agar. 10% V8-juice agar mm cork borer 18 o C 7. (MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration).

3 Research in Plant Disease Vol. 20 No 균주수집 , ,. 교배형분포. 2009,,, 99 A A A2 A1(Table 1). A2 1981, 20-50% (Hohl, 1988; Hohl Iselin, 1984), A1 (Mosa, 1989). (1993),, A1, (1994) 51 A A2 35.7% 1% (Kim, 2000) %, 87.3%, 94.0%, 97.3% A1 A2 (Zhang, 2005) A Park (2010) % % A1 A % A1, A metalaxyl metalaxyl A2 90 (Shattock, 2002). A2. metalaxyl. A2. metalaxyl. 약제에대한반응 metalaxyl Table ,,, %, 4.8%, 90.4%.,,, %, 1.8%, 78.9% , % 19.4%, 2011,,, %. 2-7 (Park, 2010) metalaxyl. metalaxyl (1992) , (1994) mg/ ml 20.9%. Kim (2000) mg/ml metalaxyl 40% 44.6% 0.9%, 40% 55.4% 88.6% metalaxyl Z h a n g (2005) metalaxyl 47.1% 49.6% Park (2010) metalaxyl 67.5% 12.4% % 5.4%. metalaxyl metalaxyl-m chlorothalonil, dimethomorph, famoxadone, (, 2013),

4 28 Research in Plant Disease Vol. 20 No. 1 Table 1. Frequency of mating types and responses to metalaxyl of Phytophthora infestans isolates collected from various locations in Korea during Year Location a No. of isolate Mating type Metalaxyl response b A1 A2 S I R Gn Miryang-si Hanam Jb Namwon-si Gumji Jj Seogwipo-si Daejeong Gw Jeongseon-gun Imgye Gw Gangneung-si Wangsan Gw Gangneung-si Byungsan Gw Pyeongchang-gun Banglim Gw Pyeongchang-gun Yongpyung Gw Pyeongchang-gun Daegwallyeong Gw Yanggu-gun Haean Subtotal (83.8) c 3(3.1) 13(13.1) Gn Miryang-si Hanam d Jb Namwon-si Gumji Jj Seogwipo-si Daejeong Gw Jeongseon-gun Imgye Gw Hongcheon-gun Naemyeon Gw Gangneung-si Wangsan Gw Pyeongchang-gun Daegwallyeong Gw Yanggu-gun Haean Subtotal (75.8) 3(4.8) 12(19.4) Gn Miryang-si Hanam Gw Yeongwol-gun Jucheon Gw Hongcheon-gun Naemyeon Gw Gangneung-si Wangsan Gw Gangneung-si Sacheon Gw Pyeongchang-gun Yongpyung Gw Pyeongchang-gun Daegwallyeong Subtotal (67.9) 7(9.0) 18(23.1) Total (76.6) 13(5.4) 43(18.0) a Gn: Gyeongsangnam-do, Gw: Gangwon-do, Jb: Jeollabuk-do, Jj: Jeju-do. b S: sensitive, I: intermediate, R: Resistant. Isolates were characterized as sensitive to metalaxyl if mycelial growth at 5 mg/ml was less than 40% of the isolate s growth on the non-amended media. Intermediate isolates exhibited growth greater than 40% of the non-amended media control at 5 mg/ml, but less than 40% of the non-amended media control with metalaxyl at 100 mg/ml. Resistant isolates exhibited growth greater than 40% of the non-amended media control with metalaxyl at 100 mg/ml. c ( ): Percentage of isolates showing each response. d Isolates were not tested for metalaxyl response.. metalaxyl metalaxyl dimethomorph Fig MIC mg/ml

5 Research in Plant Disease Vol. 20 No % 15.4%. 5.0 mg/ml dimethomorph. Acknowledgement This work was carried out with the support of Cooperative Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ906982) Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. Fig. 1. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of dimethomorph against mycelial growth of Phytophthora infestans isolates from Korea during % %, % mg/ml. Zhang (2005) MIC mg/ml 16.4% 22.9% 5.0 mg/ml. Park (2010) % 3.8% MIC mg/ml 2.0 mg/ml. dimethomorph. Stein Kirk (2004) dimethomorph dimethomorph , metalaxyl dimethomorph A A2,. Metalaxyl %, 3.1%, 83.8%, %, 4.8%, 75.8% %, 9.0%, 67.9%. Metalaxyl dimethomorph MIC mg/ml 17.2% References Albert, G., Curtze, J. and Drandarevski, A. C Dimethomorph (CME 151), a novel curative fungicide. Brihgton Crop Prot. Conf. Pests Dis. 1: Bruck, R. I., Fry, W. E. and Apple, A. E Effect of metalaxyl, an acylalanine fungicide, on developmental stages of Phytophthora infestans. Phytopathology 70: Choi, G. J., Kim, B. S., Chung, Y. R. and Cho, K. Y Occurrence of metalaxyl-resistant isolates of Phytophthora infestans in potato fields in Korea. Korean J. Plant Pathol. 8: (In Korean) Cohen, Y., Balder, A. and Cohen, B. H Dimethomorph ac tivit y against Oomycete fungal plant pathogens. Phytopathology 85: Cohen, Y. and Reuveni, M Occurrence of metalaxyl resistant isolates of Phytophthora infestans in potato fields in Israel. Phytopathology 73: Daggett, S. S., Gots, E. and Terrrien, C. D Phenotypic change in populations of Phytophthora infestans from eastern Germany. Phytopathology 83: Davidse, L. C., Looijen, D., Turkensteen, L. J. and Van Der Wal, D Occurrence of metalaxyl-resistant strain Phytophthora infestans in Dutch potato fields. Neth. J. Plant Pathol. 87: Dowley, L. J. and O Sullivan, E Metalaxyl-resistant strains of Phytophthora infestans(mont.) de Bary in Ireland. Potato Res. 24: Fry, W. E. and Goodwin, S. B Re-emergence of potato and tomato late blight in the United States. Plant Dis. 81: Henfling, J. W Late blight of potato: Phytophthora infestans. Technical Information Bulletin 4. International Potato Center, Lima, Peru. 25 pp. Hohl, H. R. and Iselin, K Strains of Phytophthora infestans with mating type behaviour. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 83: Hooker, W. J Compendium of potato diseases. American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, USA. 125 pp. Kim, B. S., Choi, J. H., Chun, H. H., Ryu, K. Y., Hahm, Y. I. and Lee, Y. S Mating type and metalaxyl sensitivity of Phytophthora infestans isolates from Kangwon area in Korea. Korean J. Pestic. Sci. 4: (In Korean)

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