EARLY NUTRITION AND ITS LATER CONSEQUENCES : NEW OPPORTUNITIE S

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1 EARLY NUTRITION AND ITS LATER CONSEQUENCES : NEW OPPORTUNITIE S Perinatal Programming of Adult Health - EC Supported Research Berthold Koletzko Peter Dodds Hans Akerblom Margaret Ashwell

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3 PREFAC E Berthold Koletzko, Manuel Serrano Rios xii i WHAT IS THE EU INFANT NUTRITION CLUSTER? xv EARLY NUTRITION AND ITS LATER CONSEQUENCES : NEW OPPORTUNITIE S Berthold Koletzko 1 THE DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF ADULT HEALTH AN D WELL-BEING Alan Lucas 13 LONG TERM EFFECTS OF BREASTFEEDING ON THE INFAN T AND MOTHER Lene Schack-Nielsen, Anni Larnkjaer, Kim Fleische r Michaelsen 1 6 EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE FOR LONG-TERM PROGRAMMIN G EFFECTS OF EARLY DIET M.E. Symonds, H.Budge, T. Stephenson and D.S. Gardner 24 CANDIDATE GENES FOR OBESITY - HOW MIGHT THEY INTERACT WITH ENVIRONMENT AND DIET? I. Sadaf Faroogi 3 3 RATE OF GROWTH IN EARLY LIFE : A PREDICTOR O F LATER HEALTH? Marie Frangoise Rolland-Cachera 3 5 PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF BREAST-FEEDING AGAINS T OBESITY IN CHILDHOO D Stephan Arenz and Rüdiger von Kries 40 DISCUSSION FORUM : FROM INNOVATION TO IMPLEMENTATIO N Hildegard Przyrembel, Jean Michel Antoine, O. Hernell, D. Turck, E. Underwood and M.C. Secretin 49 CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN PAN-EUROPEAN COLLABORATION FOR RESEARCHERS FROM CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE

4 T. Decsi, N. Fidler Mis, S. Kolacek, I. Kon, J. Kopecky, I. Penas - Jimenez, P. Socha and H. Szajewska 54 BEST PRACTICE IN COMMUNICATING THE RESULTS O F EUROPEAN RESEARCH TO THE PUBLI C Margaret Ashwell and Michel Claessens 6 0 LONGTERM EFFECTS OF PRE- AND POSTNATAL EXPOSUR E TO LOW AND HIGH DIETARY PROTEIN LEVEL S Cornelia C. Metges 64 PROTEIN INTAKE IN THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE : A RISK FACTOR FOR LATER OBESITY? Berthold Koletzko, Daniel Brasseur, Ricardo Closa, Marcell o Giovannini and Jerzy Socha 6 9 THE ROLE OF LONG-CHAIN POLY-UNSATURATED FATT Y ACIDS (LCPUFA) IN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMEN T Mijna Hadders-Algra 8 0 EXPERIMENTAL MODELS FOR STUDYING PERINATA L LIPID METABOLISM E. Herrera, I. Lopez-Soldado, M. Limones, E. Amusquivar an d M.P. Ramos 9 5 EFFECT OF N-3 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACI D SUPPLEMENTATION IN PREGNANCY : THE NUHEAL TRIAL Tamäs Decsi, Cristina Campoy and Berthold Koletzko 10 9 YOUNG RESEARCHERS' WORKSHOP I. Broekaert, E. Larque 11 4 CONSUMER NEEDS REGARDING DIETETIC PRODUCTS FOR PREGNANT AND LACTATING WOMEN AND FOR BABY FOOD S Monique Raats, Kaisa Poutanen and Maria Almeida 120 FOCUS GROUP : BREAKFAST MEETING : SMES AND THEI R CO-OPERATION WITH ACADEMI A Jean Michel Antoine and Mats Strömgvist 127 ETHICAL ISSUES IN PERINATAL NUTRITION RESEARCH Irene Cetin, and Robin Gill, 132 EARLY PROGRAMMING OF DIABETES RISK- A N INTRODUCTIO N H.K. Akerblom 139

5 EARLY NUTRITION AND LATER DIABETES RIS K Mikael Knip and Hans K. Akerblom 142 IS TYPE 1 DIABETES A DISEASE OF THE GUT IMMUN E SYSTEM TRIGGERED BY COW'S MILK INSULIN? Outi Vaarala 15 1 GLUTEN-FREE DIET IN SUBJECTS AT RISK FOR TYPE 1 DIABETES: A TOOL FOR DELAYING PROGRESSION TO CLINICAL DISEASE? Emanuele Bosi, Matteo R Pastore, Laura Molteni, Elena Bazzigaluppi, Ezio Bonifacio and Lorenzo Piemonti 157 INSULIN LIKE GROWTH FACTOR REGULATION OF BODY MASS IN BREASTFED AND MILK FORMULA FED INFANT S P. Socha, R. Janas, A. Dobrzanska, B. Koletzko, I. Broekaert, D. Brasseur, A. Sengier, M. Giovannini, C. Agostoni, R. Closa Monasterolo, G. Mendez, EU Childhood Obesity Study Team INVERSE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN TRANS ISOMERI C AND LONG-CHAIN POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANE LIPIDS IN PREGNANT WOMEN A. Kovacs, C. Campoy, B. Koletzko, T. Marosvölgyi, E. Szabo, M. Jimenez, H. Demmelmair, T. Decsi 164 COMPARISON OF ESSENTIAL FATTY ACID STATU S AMONG GERMAN, HUNGARIAN AND SPANISH WOMEN AT MID-GESTATION T. Marosvölgyi, C. Campoy, B. Koletzko, V. Jakobik, V. Dolz, H. Demmelmair, B. Veszpremi, T. Decsi 166 TRANS ISOMERIC FATTY ACIDS AS CONFOUNDING VARIABLES IN STUDIES ON PERINATAL LC-PUFA SUPPLY Tamäs Decs i 168 AN EIGHT YEARS PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF IRO N DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA IN INFANC Y Antunes H, Gonsalves S, Santos C, Costa-Pereira A, Tojo-Sierr a R, Aguiar A 170

6 NEW INSIGHTS IN THE POTENTIAL MECHANISM O F ACTION OF NUCLEOTIDES TO MODULATE IMMUNIT Y M. Manzano, A. Gil, R. Rueda 172 THRIVING OF MALNOURISHED BREASTFED INFANT S AFTER ADDITIONAL FORMULA MILK FEEDIN G N. Fidler Mis, I. Hren, J. Brecelj, A. Sirca Campa, M. Sedmak, C. Kr2i gnik, B. Koletzko 174 ROLE OF MAMMARY GLAND LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE IN THE AVAILABILITY OF POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS FOR MILK SYNTHESIS E. Amusquivar, I. Lopez-Soldado, H. Ortega, E. Herrera IS THE CRYING BEHAVIOUR IN INFANTS UP TO THE AGE OF 3 MONTHS INFLUENCED BY THE TYPE O F EARLY NUTRITION? Sonia Schiess, Doris Oberle, Ilse Broekaert, Anna Reith, Sabine Verwied-Jorky. Berthold Koletzko 177 DIETARY GANGLIOSIDES: BENEFICIAL EFFECTS FOR THE NEONATE AND POTENTIAL MECHANISM OF ACTION E. Vazquez, A. Gil, R. Rueda 179 LEPTIN IN BREAST-FED AND FORMULA-FED INFANT S Francesco Savino, Maria Francesca Fissore, Erica Clara Grassino, Giuliana Eva Nanni, Roberto Oggero, Gian Carlo Mussa 18 1 DIETARY FATTY ACIDS DURING PREGNANCY DETERMINES MATERNAL FATTY ACID PROFILE DURIN G LATE PREGNANCY AND THEIR AVAILABILITY TO TH E FETUS EVEN DURING FASTING CONDITION S I. Lopez-Soldado, H. Ortega, E. Amusquivar and E. Herrera 183 EFFECT OF OIL-SUPPLEMENTED DIETS ON LIVER EXPRESSION OF PPAR ALPHA-RELATED GENES IN PREGNANT RATS C. Bocos, M. Gonzalez, I. Lopez-Soldado, and E. Herrera 185

7 EFFECT OF A NEW INFANT FORMULA ENRICHED WITH PROBIOTICS, PROBIOTICS, NUCLEOTIDES AND LC - PUFA ON RECOVERY AFTER INFECTION M. Rivero, A. Roca, R. Chifre, M. Conde, M. Rodriguez, A. Santamaria, Gemma Colome 186 DOES HABITUAL PROTEIN INTAKE IN EARLY CHILDHOOD INFLUENCE AGE AND BODY MASS INDEX AT ADIPOSITY REBOUND? Anke L. B. Günther, Anette E. Byuken, Sebastian Hahn, Mathilde Kersting, Anja Kroke 188 DIETARY COMPLIANCE IN DIABETES PREVENTIO N PROJECT IN FINLAND Sonja Bärlund, Ulla Uusitalo, Päivi Kleemola, Mikael Knip, Hans K. Akerblom, Suvi M. Virtanen 18 9 CHANGES OF PLASMA FATTY ACID PROFILE AN D ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS DURING NORMAL PREGNANCY E. Herrera, H. Ortega, G. Alvino, N. Giovannini, E. Amusquivar, I. Cetin 190 OPTIMAL DESIGN FOR THE RECRUITMENT OF PARTICIPANTS AS A FACTOR FOR THE EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF A CLINICAL TRIAL B. Aschemeier BHC, C. Bittner, K. Lüpke, O. Kordonouri, T. Danne 19 1 THE EFFECT OF PONDERAL INDEX ON PLASM A CONCENTRATION OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR- 1 (IGF-l) IN NEONATAL PIG S J. C. Litten, K. S. Perkins, J. Laws, A. M. Corson and L. Clarke 19 3 EFFECTS OF PRENATAL EXPOSURE TO LOW AN D HIGH DIETARY PROTEIN LEVELS ON MATERNAL AND FETAL AMINO ACID METABOLISM IN RAT S Maren Daenzer, Jeanette Günther, Klaus J. Petzke, Cornelia C. Metges, Susanne Klaus 195

8 COW'S MILK INTRODUCTION IN SPANISH INFANTS Santamaria-Orleans A, Miranda-Leon MT, Rivero-Urgell M, Campoy-Folgoso C 196 LONGER TERM EFFECTS OF EARLY CHOLESTERO L INTAKE ON CHOLESTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS AND PLASM A LIPIDS : A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL Thea A. Demmers, Peter J.H. Jones, Yanwen Wang, Susan Krug, Vivian Creutzinger, James E. Heubi 197 PATTERNS OF GROWTH AND ENERGY UTILIZATION OF THE DIET AFTER A PERIOD OF DIETARY RESTRICTION DURING THE WEANING PERIO D A.P.R. Battochio; A.G. Santos; C.A.R. Coelho 198 INFANT FORMULA FEEDING PATTERN AND WEANING INTRODUCTION IN SPANISH INFANTS Santamaria-Orleans A, Miranda-Leon MT, Rivero-Urgell M, Campoy-Folgoso C 199 VISUAL EVOKED POTENTIALS IN INFANTS AFTE R DIETARY SUPPLY OF DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID AND 5 - METHYLTETRAHYDROFOLATE DURING PREGNANCY I. Broekaert, C. Campoy, C. Iznaola, B. Hoffmann, W. Müller-Felber, B. Koletzko 20 1 ELECTRONIC DATA CAPTURE AND USE OF INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES IN A DOUBLE-BLIND RANDOMISED INTERVENTION TRIA L D. Oberle, H. Köhler, T. Richardsen, D. Brasseur, B. Koletzko 203 BREASTFEEDING AND BABY FRIENDLY HOSPITA L INITIATIVE IN SLOVENIA B. Bratanic, N. Fidler Mis, Z. Felc, P. Truden Dobrin 205 NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN YOUNG ADULTS WITH SCREEN-DETECTED SILENT/SUB-CLINICAL COELIA C DISEASE

9 M. Haapalahti, P. Kulmala, TJ. Karttunen, L. Paajanen, K. Laurila, M. Mäki, H. Mykkänen, J. Kokkonen 207 LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE (LPL) MRNA EXPRESSION I N PLACENTAS FROM NORMAL AND IUGR (INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTED) PREGNANCIES BY REAL-TIME PCR S. Tabano, G. Alvino, P. Antonazzo, V. Cozzi, F. Grati, M. Miozzo, I. Cetin 208 MATERNAL FASTING EFFECT ON NEONATAL HEALTH Kavehmanesh Z. Md 21 0 THE QUALITY OF SCHOOLCHILDREN'S NUTRITION IN SERBIA Mirjana Pavlovic, Agnes Kadvan, Milija Vukotic 21 2 TENDENCY TOWARDS OBESITY IN SYDNEY SCHOO L CHILDREN Kaye Brock, Stephen Morrell, Richard Taylor 21 4 MONITORING AND SUPERVISING A DIETARY INTERVENTION TRIAL USING MODERN DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM M. J. Koski, J. P. Krischer 21 6 ANALYSIS OF DROP-OUTS IN A LONGITUDINA L STUDY G. Mendez, V. Luque, F. Capdevila, J. Marine, R. Closa, J. Escribano 21 7 RECRUITMENT STRATEGIES OF THE SPANISH GROUP IN THE "EU CHILDHOOD OBESITY : PROGRAMMING B Y INFANT NUTRITION" V. Luque, G. Mendez, F. Capdevila, J. Marine, R. Closa, J. Escribano 218 DIET AND NUTRITIONAL RISK FACTORS I N SCHOOLCHILDREN Mirjana Pavlovic, Agnes Kadvan, Draginja Rapic 21 9 INFLUENCE OF TWO FORMS O F CASEINOPHOSPHOPEPTIDE ON IRON BIO AVAILABILITY

10 I.B. Kibangou, S. Bouhallab, F. Bureau, P. Guerin, S. Allouche, P. Arhan, D. Bougie 22 1 MODEL OF CHILDHOOD OBESITY PRIMARY PREVENTION PROGRAMME Mirjana Pavlovic 22 3 PROBLEMS RELATED TO RECRUITMENT O F PARTICIPANTS FOR THE TRIGER PROJECT Aleksandra G6rska 22 5 VITAMIN D STATUS AT BIRTH IN BRUSSELS - PRELIMINARY RESULT S F. Petry, L. Gianquinto, H. Cheblal, N. Hennebert, J. Vanderpas, J.L. Wayenberg, 226 OBESITY AMONG YOUNG ADOLESCENT KUWAITI S Abdulwahab Naser Al-Isa 228 DYNAMIC CHANGES IN ADIPOSITY FROM FETAL T O POSTNATAL LIFE ARE INVOLVED IN THE ADULT METABOLIC SYNDROME ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED FETAL GROWTH D. Jaquet MD, PhD, S. Deghmoun, D. Cheyenne PhD, D. Collin MD, P. Czernichow MD, C. Levy-Marchal MD 229 EXCESS FETAL ADIPOSITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH PROGRAMMING OF PLACENTAL LIPID GENE S Tatjana Radaelli, Ali Varastehpour, Patrick Catalano, Sylvie Hauguel-de Mouzon 23 1 APPETITE CONTROL IN BREASTFED AND FORMULA FED INFANT S D. Gruszfeld ; R. Janas ; J. Socha; B. Koletzko; I. Broekaert; D. Brasseur; A. Sengier; M. Giovannini; C. Agostoni ; R. Closa Monasterolo; V. Luque ; EU Childhood Obesity Study Team 23 3 WHAT ARE THE DANONE INSTITUTES 235