ESTIMATION OF THE RELATIVE BIOAVAILABILITY OF MANGANESE SOURCES FOR SHEEP 1,2. J. Wong-Valle 3, P. R. Henry, C. B. Ammerman and P. V.
|
|
- Vivien Miller
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 ESTIMATION OF THE RELATIVE BIOAVAILABILITY OF MANGANESE SOURCES FOR SHEEP 1,2 J. Wong-Valle 3, P. R. Henry, C. B. Ammerman and P. V. Rao 4 University of Florida 5, Galnesville ABSTRACT The relative biological availability of Mn in reagent-grade (RG) Mn sources was tested using 41 Rambouillet crossbred wether lambs in a completely randomized design. Lambs were fed a basal corn-soybean meal-cottonseed hull diet (37.6 ppm Mn, DM basis) or this basal diet supplemented with 0, 1,500, 3,000 or 4,500 ppm Mn from RG MnSO4.H20 or 3,000 ppm Mn from RG, 2 and MnCO3. Feed intake was restricted to 1,000 g/ hd daily during the 21-d experimental period. There was a decrease (P <.01) in daily feed intake by sheep fed 4,500 ppm Mn from MnSO4. Liver, kidney and bone Mn concentrations increased (P <.05) with MnSO4 supplementation. Liver was most responsive to dietary Mn, followed by kidney and bone. Based on multiple linear regression slopes for liver, kidney and bone Mn concentrations, relative bioavailability of Mn from, 2 and MnCO3 averaged 57.7, 32.9 and 27.8%, compared with 100% for MnSO4. (Key Words: Availability, Manganese, Sheep, Tissue Minerals.) J. Anirn. Sci : Introduction Manganese is distributed widely in roughages, but in some grains, such as corn, its content is low (Hidiroglou, 1979). In addition, availability of Mn from common feeds is largely unknown; phytate and fiber in many feed ingredients can interfere with its utilization (Halpin and Baker, 1986a,b). High dietary Ca and P levels reduced the availability of Mn in cattle (Dyer et al., 1964; Hidiroglou, 1979). Inefficient absorption of dietary bin in ruminants is another factor that makes Mn supplementation necessary (Sansom et al., 1978). 1Florida Agric. Exp, Sta. journal series no Tbe authors wish to acknowledge Moorman Manufacturing Co., Quincy, IL and Occidental Chemical Co., Taxnpa, FL for funds in support of this research; Pfizer, Inc., New York for supplying vitamins; and Monsanto Chemical Co.~ St. Louis, MO for supplying ethoxyquin. ~ address: Dept. of Poult. Sci., Auburn Univ., Auburn, AL ~ Dept. of stat. Dept. of Anita, Sci. Received November 28, Accepted February 13, Most Mn bioavailability studies have been conducted with poultry fed purified diets to which the element was added at low dietary concentrations (Watson et al., 1970, 1971). Black et al. (1984a) demonstrated the use of short-term, high-level supplementation of practical diets with inorganic Mn sources to determine their relative availability based on the resulting increases in tissue Mn concentrations. Black et al. (1984a) needed few animals to determine true differences among sources due to the linearity of the response variables. The following study was conducted to estimate the relative biological availability of Mn from reagent-grade Mn sources for sheep fed high dietary Mn concentrations, using tissue Mn retention as the response criterion. Matorlals and Methods Forty-one RambouiUet crossbred wether lambs (42 kg BW) were assigned to one of seven experimental diets in a completely randomized design. Prior to the experiment, lambs were group-fed a commercial cornsoybean meal-cottonseed hull diet at approximately 800 g/hd daily and had ad libitum 2409
2 2410 WONG-VALLE ET AL. TABLE 1. COMPOSITION OF BASAL DIET FED TO LAMBS Item % Ingredient composition a Ground yellow corn 58.5 Coaunseed hull 21.0 Soybean meal, 48.5% CP 12.0 Alfalfa meal 3.0 Corn oil 3.0 Cornstarch b 1.45 Ground limestone.55 Trace mineralized salt r.50 Vitamins A and D d + Ethoxyquin e.0125 Chemical composition f DM, % 88.0 Ca, %.39 P, %.25 Mg, %.14 Mn, ppm 37.6 Fe, ppm Zn, ppm 41.9 Cu, ppm 6.9 aas-fed basis. bmanganese supplements were added at the expense of equivalent weights of cornstarch. CContalned in percent: NaCI, 93.0; Zn,.35; Mn,.28; Fe,.175; Cu,.035; I,.007; Co,.007 (Morton Salt Division of Morton Thiokol, Inc., Chicago, IL). dto supply the following per kg of diet: vitamin A palmitate, 2,200 USP units; vitamin D 3, 440 IU. emonsanto Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO. fdm basis except for DM as determined by analysis. access to grass hay. The basal diet was a practical corn-soybean meal-cottonseed hull diet (37.6 ppm Mn, DM basis; Table 1). The diets were formulated to meet requirements for growing Iambs (NRC, 1985) and were supplemented with 0, 1,500, 3,000 or 4,500 ppm Mn from reagent-grade (RG) MnSO4.H20 or 3,000 ppm Mn from RG, 2 and MnCO3, added at the expense of an equivalent weight of cornstarch. The Mn content of the experimental diets was verified by chemical analysis. There were five lambs per treatment for the control and MnSO4 diets, and seven lambs per treatment for the, 2 and MnCO3 diets. There were not enough cages available to have seven lambs on all treatments. Lambs were housed in individual wooden pens with slatted floors in an opensided barn. Feed intake was restricted to 1,000 6Perkin-Elmer Corp., Norwalk, CT. g/hd offered daily (as-fed basis) and fresh tap water was available ad libitum. Lambs were fed the experimental diets for 21 d following a 7-d adjustment period during which all Iambs were fed the basal diet. At the termination of the experiment, lambs were stunned with a captive bolt shot and killed by exsanguination. Right metacarpus, liver and both kidneys were excised and frozen for mineral analyses. Calcium, Mg, Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn in Mn sources and diets and Mn in liver, kidney and bone were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry on a Perkin-Elmer Model 5000 with AS-50 autosampler 6 (Anonymous, 1982). Standards were matched for macroelements and acid concentrations as needed and standard reference material from the National Bureau of Standards was included with samples. Phosphorus in Mn sources and diets was determined by a colorimetric method (Harris and Popat, 1954). Relative solubility following 1 h of constant stirring at 37"C of.1 g of each source in 100 ml of either 1-120,.4% HC1, 2% citric acid or neutral ammonium citrate (Watson et al., 1970) and magnetic susceptibility (Watson et al., 1971) were determined. Bone, kidney and liver Mn concentrations were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (SAS, 1982) using dietary treatment as the source of variation and animal as the experimental unit. Differences among means were separated by Duncan's (1955) multiple range test. Multiple linear regression was done by least squares using the GLM procedure of SAS (1982). Slope ratios and their SE were estimated using the method of error propagation as described by Kempthorne and Allmaras (1965). Results and Discussion Reagent-grade manganese sources (Tables 2 and 3) contained Mn concentrations of 30.1, 73.0, 50.7 and 43.5% on an as-fed basis for sulfate, oxide, dioxide and carbonate, respectively. All sources were relatively free of mineral contaminants except the dioxide, which contained greater concentrations of Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca and Mg than the other sources. Only the oxide sources had significant magnetic susceptibility (Table 3). The sulfate and monoxide sources had a greater proportion of smaller particles; smaller particle size often results in greater bioavailability. The sulfate source (Table 4) was 100% soluble in water;
3 BIOAVAILABILITY OF Mn FOR SHEEP 2411 TABLE 2. MINERAL COMPOSITION OF MAGANESE SOURCES Mineral constituents. % Source a Mn b Fr Cu Zn Ca Mg MnSO NIY MnCo aall sources were reagent-grade. banalyzcd value following refluxing for 4 h in 1:1 (v:v) HC1 :HNO 3. CNot detectable by analytical procedures used. all other sources were insoluble. All sources except the dioxide were soluble in.4% HCI and 2% citric acid. The low solubility of Mn from the dioxide in.4% HCI and 2% citric acid has been reported previously (Henry et al., 1987). Watson et al. (1971) and Black et al. (1984a) reported complete solubility of RG MnCO3 in.4% HCI. The carbonate was 56% soluble and 2 was insoluble in neutral ammonium citrate; these sources also proved to have the lowest relative bioavailability. Several researchers have reported a correlation between solubility in neutral ammonium citrate and relative biological availability of Mn sources (Watson et al., 1970, 1971; Black et al., 1984a; Henry et al., 1987). Feed intake averaged 994, 1,000, 984, 971, 1,000, 999 and 996 g/d for sheep fed control, MnSO4 (1,500, 3,000 and 4,500 ppm added Mn),, 2 and MnCO3, respectively. Sheep fed 4,500 ppm Mn as MnSO4 had lower (P <.01) daily feed intake than sheep fed other TABLE 3. PHYSICAL PROPF_,RTIF_.S OF MANGANESE SOURCES Particle size, %b -30+ Magnetic Sources a susceptibility, % MnSO MnCO aall sources were reagent-grade. bretained by a No. 30 sieve (U.S. Bureau of Standards), passing a No. 30 but retained on a No. 100, and passing a No. I00 sieve, respectively. dietary treatments. Cunningham et al. (1966) reported lower feed consumption by calves fed 2,460 or 4,920 ppm Mn as MnSO4 for 84 d compared with calves fed 0 or 820 ppm Mn. Black et al. (1985a) reported that sheep fed 2,000 ppm Mn from feed-grade or 8,000 ppm Mn from RG MnCO 3 for 84 d had lower feed intake than sheep fed lower levels of these sources. In another study, Black et al. (1985b) reported reduced feed intake when sheep were fed 3,000 or 6,000 ppm Mn as for 3 wk but not for 1 or 2 wk compared with sheep fed an unsupplemented diet. Sheep fed 9,000 ppm Mn had reduced intakes during the three 1-wk periods compared with sheep fed the control diet; only 80% of their initial feed intake was consumed when sheep were refed the basal diet for 1 wk. There was a linear increase in bone Mn concentration (P <.01) as dietary levels of MnSO4 increased up to 3,000 ppm Mn (Table 5); however, percentage of bone ash did not change (P >.10) and averaged 66%. Supplemental Mn as MnSO4 at 4,500 ppm resulted in no further increase in Mn concentration of any of the tissues analyzed; therefore, this level was not included in any of the regression TABLE 4. RELATIVE SOLUBILITY OF MN SOURCES Relative solubility, %a Neutral.4% 2% ammonium Source b H20 HC1 Citric acid citrate MnS MnCO ,3 ]m ]]11 ]] afrom 1 h constant stirring at 37'C. ball sources were reagent-grade.
4 2412 WONG-VALLE ET AL. TABLE 5. EFFECTS OF SOURCE A LEVEL OF DIETARY MANGANESE ON BONE, KIDNEY A LIVER MANGANESE CONCENTRATIONS IN LAMBS a Added Mn, Bone Mn, Kidney Mn, Liver Mn, Source ppm b ppm, ash basis ppm, DM basis ppm, DM basis Control 0.4 c 4.0 f 9.6 g MnSO 4 1, d 19.8 cd 35.3 d MnSO 4 3, c 26.2 c 43.7 c MnSO 4 4, c 26.7 c 43.8 c 3, d 17.8 de 33.3 de 2 3, d 11.2 ef 24.3 f MnCO 3 3, de 10.2 f 26.3 ef Pooled SE aeach value represents the mean of five lambs/treatment for the conffoi and sulfate, and seven iambs/treatment for the oxide, dioxide and carbonate sources. All sources were reagent-grade. bbasal diet contained 37.6 ppm Mn, DM basis. c'd'e't"gmgans in the same column with different letters in their superscripts differ (P <.05). analyses. Manganese concentrations in bone had been shown previously to increase with increasing dietary Mn levels (Watson et al., 1973; Black et al., 1985a,c). These researchers reported higher bone Mn concentrations than those reported in this study; however, in our study, sheep were fed the supplemental Mn diets for only 21 d, compared with 81, 84 and 42 d in the previous long-term toxicosis studies. Kidney Mn concentrations were affected (P <.05) by dietary treatment. At 3,000 ppm added Mn, MnSO4 resulted in greater (P <.05) kidney Mn concentrations than the other Mn sources (Table 5). Manganese in liver was increased (P <.05) from 9.6 ppm (DM basis) in lambs fed the control diet to 43.7 ppm when 3,000 ppm Mn from MnSO4 was fed. Lambs fed MnSO4 at 3,000 ppm had greater liver Mn concentrations than lambs fed other Mn sources (Table 5). Other researchers also have reported increased kidney and liver Mn concentrations when high dietary levels were fed (Watson et al., 1973; Ivan and Hidiroglou, 1980; Black et al., 1985a,c). Multiple linear regression analysis of tissue Mn uptake with respect to dietary Mn level was determined for all tissues (Table 6). Liver provided the best fit of data to the linear model followed by kidney and bone (R 2 =.70,.62 and.59, respectively). In an earlier study with sheep fed high graded levels of or MnCO3, liver had the greatest slopes; however, in that study liver resulted in a poorer fit of data to the linear model than kidney or bone did (R ,.68 and.49, respectively; Black et al., 1985a). Studies with day-old chicks showed that bone was more sensitive to changes in dietary Mn than was kidney or liver (Black et al., 1984a, b; Henry et al., 1986). In the present study, differences in rank order of the different tissues may be explained by the older age and previous nutritional experience (unknown prior to purchase) of the sheep or by differences in the sources tested. Estimates of relative biological availability (Table 7); were obtained by a ratio of the slopes in equations in Table 6. Setting MnSO4 at 100% resulted in values of 57.3, 38.9 and 22.8% for bone Mn concentrations and 54.7, TABLE 6. MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION OF TISSUE MANGANESE CONCENTRATION ON DIETARY CONCENTRATION OF SOURCES Tissue Regression equation a R 2 SD P Bone Y = x t x lx x <.001 Kidney Y = x x x x <.001 Liver Y = x x x x <.001 awhere Y = tissue Mn, ppm DM basis, except bone, which is on an ash basis and expressed in ppm added Mn, x 1 is MnSO 4, x 2 is, x 3 is 2 and x 4 is MnCO 3. Each equation represents samples from 36 sheep. MnSO4 at 4,500 ppm added Mn was not included in the analysis.
5 BIOAVAILABILITY OF Mn FOR SHEEP 2413 TABLE 7. RELATIVE BIOLOGICAL AVAILABILITY OF MANGANESE SOURCES BASED ON MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION OF BONE, KIDNEY A LIVER MANGANESE CONCENTRATIONS Tissue and Multiple regression Relative source of Mn a slope SE value SE Bone MnSO4 2 MnC% Kidney MnSO4 2 MnCO3 Liver MnSO4 2 MnCO b c cd d b c d d b c d c'd aall sources were reagent-grade. b'c'dsiopes within a tissue with different letters in their superscripts differ (P <.05) and 20.1% for kidney Mn concentrations for, 2 and MnCO 3, respectively. Values of 100, 61.1, 34.7 and 40.4, respectively, were obtained for liver. A relative biological availability index, calculated using the mean of the estimates from the different tissues, provided values of 57.7, 32.9 and 27.8% for RG, 2 and MnCO3, respectively. In the present experiment, slopes for lambs fed MnCO3 averaged 48% that of lambs fed. Similar calculations based on liver, kidney and bone from Black et al. (1985a) resulted in a value of 78% for RG carbonate compared with a feed-grade oxide, which would be expected to be less available than a RG oxide. Reagent-grade sources generally have fewer contaminants that could lower bioavailability. Availability of Mn from RG 2 was 40% that of for chicks (Henry et al., 1987) but was about 57% as available for sheep in the present experiment (32.9/57.7). Henry et al. (1987) and Southern and Baker (1983) reported that 2 was 29% as available as MnSO4 for chicks, which is similar to the 32.9% for lambs in the present study. Based on bone and liver Mn concentrations of chicks fed up to 4,000 ppm Mn, Black et al. (1984a) reported average availability for RG and RG MnCO3 of 70 and 39%, respectively, compared with 100% for RG MnSO4. Thus, the young chick may be able to utilize some forms of Mn to a greater extent than ruminants. In conclusion, tissue uptake of Mn increased with increasing levels of dietary Mn up to 3,000 ppm Mn. Liver Mn changed most in response to elevated dietary Mn levels, followed by kidney and bone. The MnSO4.H20 was most available and MnCO3 least available for all sources tested. The results of and 2 varied according to the criteria used. Relative bioavailability of the sources was related to solubility in neutral ammonium citrate. Liver, kidney and bone Mn uptake were sensitive and quantitative criteria for estimating relative biological availability of Mn sources for sheep. Literature Cited Anonymous Analytical Methods for Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The Perkin-Elmer Corp., Norwalk, CT. Black, J. R., C. B. Ammerman, P. R. Henry. 1985a. Effect of high dietary manganese as manganese oxide or manganese carbonate in sheep. L Anim. Sci. 60:861. Black, J. R., C. B. Ammerman and P. R. Henry. 1985b. Effect of quantity and route of administration of manganese monoxide on feed intake and serum manganese in ruminants. J. Dairy Sci. 68:443. Black, J. R., C. B. Ammerman. P. R. Henry and R. C. Littel. 1985c. Influence of dietary manganese on tissue trace mineral accumulation and depletion in sheep. Can. J. Anita. Sci. 65:653. Black, J. R., C. B. Ammerman, P. R. Henry and R. D. Miles. 1984a. Biological availability of Mn sources and effects of high dietary manganese on tissue mineral composition of broiler-type chicks. Poult. Sci. 63: Black, J. R., C. B. Ammerman, P. R. Henry and R. D. Miles. 1984b. Tissue manganese uptake as a measure of manganese bioavailability. Nutr. Rep. Int. 29:807. Cunningham, G. N., M. B. Wise and E. R. Barrick Effect of high dietary levels of manganese on the performance of blood constituents of calves. J. Anim. Sci. 25:532. Duncan, D. B Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics 11:1. Dyer, I. A., W. A. Cassatt, Jr. and R. R. Rat Manganese deficiency in the etiology of deformed calves. Bioscience 14:31. Halpin, K. M. and D. H. Baker. 1986a. Manganese utilization in the chick: Effects of corn, soybean meal, fish meal, wheat bran, and rice bran on tissue uptake of manganese. PouR. Sci. 65:995. Halpin, K. M. and D. H. Baker. 1986b. Long-term effect of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, and fish meal on manganese utilization in the chick. Poult. Sci. 65:1371. Harris, W. B. and P. Popat Determination of the phosphorus content of lipids. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 31:124. Henry, P. R., C. B. Ammcrman and R. D. Miles
6 2414 WONG-VALLE El" AL. Bioavailability of manganese sulfate and manganese monoxide in chicks as measured by tissue uptake of manganese from conventional dietary levels. Poult. Sci. 65:983. Henry, P. R., C. B. Ammerman and R. D. Miles Bioavallability of manganese monoxide and manganese dioxide for broiler chicks. Nutr. Rep. Int. 36:425. Hidiroglou, M Manganese in ruminant nutrition. Can. J. Anita. Sci. 59:217. ivan, M. and M. Hidiroglou Effect of dietary manganese on growth and manganese metabolism in sheep. J. Dairy Sci. 63:385. Kempthome, O. and R. R. Allmaras Errors of observations. In: C. A. Black (Ed.) Methods of Soil Analysis. Agronomy 9:1-23. Am. Sec. of Agron., Madison, Wl. NRC Nutrient Requirements of Sheep (6th Rev. Ed.). National Academy Press, Washington, DC. Sansom, B. F., H. W. Symonds and M. J. Vagg The absorption of dietary manganese by dairy cows. Res. Vet. Sci. 24:366. SAS SAS User's Guide: Statistics. SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, NC. Southern, L. U and D. H. Baker Excess manganese ingestion in the chick. Ponlt. Sci. 62:642. Watson, L. T., C. B. Ammerman, J. P. Feaster and C. E. Roessler Influence of manganese intake on metabolism of manganese and other minerals in sheep. J. Anita. Sci. 36:131. Watson, L. T., C. B. Ammerman, S. M. Miller and R. H. Harms Biological assay of inorganic manganese for chicks. Poult. Sci. 49:1548. Watson, L. T., C. B. Ammerman, S. M. Miller and R. H. Harms Biological availability to chicks of manganese from different inorganic sources. Poult. Sci. 50:1693.
EFFECTS OF HIGH DIETARY MANGANESE AS MANGANESE OXIDE OR MANGANESE CARBONATE IN SHEEP 1,2
EFFECTS F HIGH DIETARY MANGANESE AS MANGANESE XIDE R MANGANESE CARBNATE IN SHEEP 1,2 J. R. Black 3, C. B. Ammerman and P. R. Henry University of Florida 4, Gainesville 32611 Summary Twenty-four crossbred
More informationRelative Bioavailability of Novel Amino Acid Chelates of Manganese and Copper for Chicks 1
2003 Poultry Science Association, Inc. Relative Bioavailability of Novel Amino Acid Chelates of Manganese and Copper for Chicks 1 R. D. Miles, 2 P. R. Henry, V. C. Sampath, M. Shivazad, 3 and C. W. Comer
More informationAnimal Feed Science and Technology 79 (1999) 107±117. Received 19 August 1998; accepted 23 December 1998
Animal Feed Science and Technology 79 (1999) 107±117 Estimated relative bioavailability of supplemental inorganic molybdenum sources and their effect on tissue molybdenum and copper concentrations in lambs
More informationThe Relationship of Calcium Intake, Source, Size, Solubility In Vitro and In Vivo, and Gizzard Limestone Retention in Laying Hens 1
The Relationship of Calcium Intake, Source, Size, Solubility In Vitro and In Vivo, and Gizzard Limestone Retention in Laying Hens 1 BINGFAN ZHANG and CRAIG N. COON2 Department of Animal Science, University
More informationEffects of Trace Mineral Source on Growth and Mineral Balance in Yearling Horses
Effects of Trace Mineral Source on Growth and Mineral Balance in Yearling Horses T.L. Naile, S.R. Cooper, D.W. Freeman, and C.R. Krehbiel Story in Brief Sixteen yearling Quarter Horses were used in a split-plot
More informationEFFECT OF DIETARY CATION-ANION DIFFERENCE ON MINERAL BALANCE IN WEANLING HORSES. Authors:
EFFECT OF DIETARY CATION-ANION DIFFERENCE ON MINERAL BALANCE IN WEANLING HORSES 1999 Animal Science Research Report Authors: Story in Brief Pages 182-188 S.R. Cooper, D.R. Topliff, D.W. Freeman, J.E. Breazile
More informationEffects of Increased Inclusion of Algae Meal on Lamb Total Tract Digestibility
Animal Industry Report AS 661 ASL R3003 2015 Effects of Increased Inclusion of Algae Meal on Lamb Total Tract Digestibility Rebecca S. Stokes Iowa State University, rsstokes@iastate.edu Megan L. Van Emon
More informationComparative effects of inorganic and organic selenium. sources on performance, eggshell quality and egg selenium
Comparative effects of inorganic and organic selenium sources on performance, eggshell quality and egg selenium content of laying hens M. Yousefi* and H. Sari Department of Animal Science, Islamic Azad
More informationExp Research Report. Digestibility of energy and concentration of digestible and metabolizable energy in high
Exp. 582 Research Report Digestibility of energy and concentration of digestible and metabolizable energy in high protein and conventional DDGS fed to growing pigs. C. D. Espinosa and H. H. Stein University
More informationEnergy utilization of reduced oil-dried distillers grains with solubles (RO-DDGS) in swine
Energy utilization of reduced oil-dried distillers grains with solubles (RO-DDGS) in swine Brian J. Kerr,* Thomas E. Weber,* and Michael E. Persia *USDA-ARS-NLAE, Ames, Iowa 011; and Iowa State University,
More informationEffect of High Available Phosphorus Corn and Elevated Fat and Protein. Corn on Nutrient Digestibility and Excretion in Finishing Pigs
Effect of High Available Phosphorus Corn and Elevated Fat and Protein Introduction Corn on Nutrient Digestibility and Excretion in Finishing Pigs S. L. Hankins, A. L. Sutton and B. T. Richert Department
More informationDIET DIGESTIBILITY AND RUMEN TRAITS IN RESPONSE TO FEEDING WET CORN GLUTEN FEED AND A PELLET CONSISTING OF RAW SOYBEAN HULLS AND CORN STEEP LIQUOR
Dairy Day 2002 DIET DIGESTIBILITY AND RUMEN TRAITS IN RESPONSE TO FEEDING WET CORN GLUTEN FEED AND A PELLET CONSISTING OF RAW SOYBEAN HULLS AND CORN STEEP LIQUOR E. E. Ferdinand, J. E. Shirley, E. C. Titgemeyer,
More informationCalcium and phosphorus requirements for maximized growth in modern market poults. A. M. Pospisil and J. D. Latshaw. Introduction
Calcium and phosphorus requirements for maximized growth in modern market poults A. M. Pospisil and J. D. Latshaw Introduction Nutrient requirements are expressed in concentrations of the diet. The concentration
More informationDepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
Performance of Commercial Laying Hens when Six Percent Corn Oil Is Added to the Diet at Various Ages and with Different Levels of Tryptophan and Protein 1 R. S. Antar, R. H. Harms, 2 M. Shivazad, 3 D.
More informationDried Distillers Grains and(or) Soybean Hulls to Background Beef Calves Fed Bahiagrass Forage
Dried Distillers Grains and(or) Soybean Hulls to Background Beef Calves Fed Bahiagrass Forage Jacqueline Wahrmund Matt Hersom 1 Co-products dried distillers grains or soybean hulls can be utilized as supplements
More informationSupplementation of Low-Calcium and Low-Phosphorus Diets with Phytase and Cholecalciferol
Supplementation of Low-Calcium and Low-Phosphorus Diets with Phytase and Cholecalciferol Introduction O. Adeola, T.R. Cline, J.I. Orban, D. Ragland, and A.L. Sutton Department of Animal Sciences Supplementation
More informationGrowth Performance of Growing Pigs Fed Crude Protein-Adequate or. Deficient, Low Phosphorus Diets with Graded Levels Of Phytase
Growth Performance of Growing Pigs Fed Crude Protein-Adequate or Introduction Deficient, Low Phosphorus Diets with Graded Levels Of Phytase O. Adeola and J. S. Sands Department of Animal Sciences Nitrogen
More informationLambs & Fieldpeas Sheep Day Report. Field Pea as a feedstuff for growing lambs. Introduction
Lambs & Fieldpeas- 1998 Sheep Day Report Field Pea as a feedstuff for growing lambs. W. W. Poland (1) and T. C. Faller (2) Introduction Grain producers are beginning to recognize the advantages of adding
More informationTRANSITION COW NUTRITION AND MANAGEMENT. J.E. Shirley
Dairy Day 2003 TRANSITION COW NUTRITION AND MANAGEMENT J.E. Shirley Summary Dairy cows are generally provided with a 60-day dry period. The first part of the dry period is called the far-off dry period
More informationCOMPLETE LACTATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF COWS FED WET CORN GLUTEN FEED AND PELLET CONSISTING OF RAW SOYBEAN HULLS AND CORN STEEP LIQUOR
Dairy Day 2002 COMPLETE LACTATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF COWS FED WET CORN GLUTEN FEED AND PELLET CONSISTING OF RAW SOYBEAN HULLS AND CORN STEEP LIQUOR E. E. Ferdinand, J. E. Shirley, E. C. Titgemeyer, J. M.
More informationD. Price 1, M. Hersom 1, J. Yelich 1, M. Irsik 2, O. Rae 2
Effects of Prenatal and Postnatal Trace Mineral Supplement Source Provided To Gestating Angus and Brangus Cows over Two Production Cycles on Performance and Trace Mineral Status of Cows D. Price 1, M.
More informationFeeding Feedlot Steers Fish Oil Differentially Enhances the Fatty Acid Composition of Muscle Tissue 1
Feeding Feedlot Steers Fish Oil Differentially Enhances the Fatty Acid Composition of Muscle Tissue 1 T.J. Wistuba 2,3, E.B. Kegley 2, J.K. Apple 2, and D.C. Rule 4 Story in Brief Inclusion of fish oil,
More informationUse of Distiller s s Dried Grains plus Solubles in Poultry Feeding Trials at the University of Georgia. University of Georgia
Use of Distiller s s Dried Grains plus Solubles in Poultry Feeding Trials at the University of Georgia Amy B. Batal Poultry Science Department University of Georgia Introduction Distillers dried grains
More informationTHE INFLUENCE OF DIETARY SELENIUM LEVELS ON BLOOD LEVELS OF SELENIUM AND GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE ACTIVITY IN THE HORSE 1
THE INFLUENCE OF DIETARY SELENIUM LEVELS ON BLOOD LEVELS OF SELENIUM AND GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE ACTIVITY IN THE HORSE J. S. Shellow, S. G. Jackson, J. P. Baker and A. H. Cantor University of Kentucky,
More informationEvaluation of NutriDense low-phytate corn and added fat in growing and finishing swine diets 1,2
Evaluation of NutriDense low-phytate corn and added fat in growing and finishing swine diets 1,2 S. K. Linneen,* J. M. DeRouchey,* 3 R. D. Goodband,* M. D. Tokach,* S. S. Dritz, J. L. Nelssen,* and J.
More informationFree Choice Sheep Mineral
Free Choice Sheep Mineral Sheep on pasture Guaranteed Analysis CALCIUM (Ca), not less than... 12.5 % CALCIUM (Ca), not more than... 13.5 % PHOSPHORUS (P), not less than... 9.80 % SALT (NaCl), not less
More informationIMPACT OF TRACE MINERAL VARIATION WITHIN FORAGES ON THE RATION FORMULATION PROCESS. J. R. Knapp Fox Hollow Consulting, LLC Columbus, Ohio INTRODUCTION
IMPACT OF TRACE MINERAL VARIATION WITHIN FORAGES ON THE RATION FORMULATION PROCESS J. R. Knapp Fox Hollow Consulting, LLC Columbus, Ohio INTRODUCTION While trace mineral (TM) concentrations of forages
More informationDr. Juan Carlos Rodriguez-Lecompte FINAL REPORT. January 14, 2011
Dried distiller grains with soluble (DDGS) in poultry diets and manure phosphorus content - implications for feeding strategies to decrease phosphorus loading Dr. Juan Carlos Rodriguez-Lecompte FINAL REPORT
More informationPERFORMANCE AND CARCASS QUALITY OF STEERS SUPPLEMENTED WITH ZINC OXIDE OR ZINC METHIONINE 1'2'3
PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS QUALITY OF STEERS SUPPLEMENTED WITH ZINC OXIDE OR ZINC METHIONINE 1'2'3 L. W. Greene, D. K. Lunt, F. M. Byers, N. K. Chirase, C. E. Richmond, R. E. Knutson and G. T. Schelling Texas
More informationEFFECTS OF DIETARY ENERGY, FREE CHOICE ALFALFA HAY AND MASS MEDICATION ON CALVES SUBJECTED TO MARKETING AND SHIPPING STRESSES 1
EFFECTS OF DIETARY ENERGY, FREE CHOICE ALFALFA HAY AND MASS MEDICATION ON CALVES SUBJECTED TO MARKETING AND SHIPPING STRESSES 1 Glen P. Lofgreen, L. H. Stinocher 2 and H. E. Kiesling 2 New Mexico State
More informationInorganic vs Bioplex trace minerals for broilers: effects on performance and mineral excretion
Inorganic vs Bioplex trace minerals for broilers: effects on performance and mineral excretion M. LIPPENS (1), G. HUYGHEBAERT (1)* and L. NOLLET (2) (1) The Flemish Community, ILVO-Unit Animal Science,
More informationIMPACT OF DIETARY SALT CONCENTRATION ON WATER INTAKE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS OF FEEDLOT CATTLE. Authors:
IMPACT OF DIETARY SALT CONCENTRATION ON WATER INTAKE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS OF FEEDLOT CATTLE 1999 Animal Science Research Report Authors: Story in Brief Pages 159-164 A.F. La Manna, F.N. Owens,
More informationFeed ID Options /10/2016. DM% CP% TDN% Fat% Ca% P%
Feed ID Options Ammonium Chloride Beet Pulp Shreds w/molasses Blood Meal Calcium Carbonate Calf Manna Corn Gluten Pellets Cottonseed Hull Pellets Cottonseed Hulls Cottonseed Meal Dehydrated Alfalfa Pellets
More informationProcedures in Feed Formulation
Chapter4 Procedures in Feed Formulation C h a p t e r G o a l s Examine feeding standard tables for various livestock. Describe and discuss mathematical solutions to animal diet formulation (algebra, Pearson
More informationLYSINE REQUIREMENT OF PHASE 2 NURSERY PIGS FED KARL HARD RED WINTER WHEAT BASED DIETS
LYSINE REQUIREMENT OF PHASE 2 NURSERY PIGS FED KARL HARD RED WINTER WHEAT BASED DIETS E.J.A.J. Broekman, B.Z. de Rodas 3, W.G. Luce 4, C.V. Maxwell 5 and J.S. Chung 2 Story in Brief Two experiments involving
More informationLesson 3 Understanding Nutrients and Their Importance
Unit B Understanding Animal Body Systems Lesson 3 Understanding Nutrients and Their Importance 1 Terms Balanced ration Carbohydrates Complex carbohydrates Disaccharides Essential nutrients Ether Fat Fat-soluble
More informationSUPPLEMENTAL DEGRADABLE PROTEIN REQUIREMENT FOR CATTLE FED STOCKPILED BERMUDAGRASS FORAGE. Authors:
SUPPLEMENTAL DEGRADABLE PROTEIN REQUIREMENT FOR CATTLE FED STOCKPILED BERMUDAGRASS FORAGE 1999 Animal Science Research Report Authors: Story in Brief Pages 96-99 J.S. Wheeler, D.L. Lalman, S. Janloo and
More informationExercise 6 Ration Formulation II Balance for Three or More Nutrients 20 Points
Exercise 6 Ration Formulation II Balance for Three or More Nutrients 20 Points This lab exercise progresses from balancing for two nutrients, as in Exercise 5, to balancing for three or more nutrients.
More informationEFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENT SOURCE ON INTAKE, DIGESTION AND RUMINAL KINETICS OF STEERS FED PRAIRIE HAY. Authors:
1999 Animal Science Research Report Authors: EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENT SOURCE ON INTAKE, DIGESTION AND RUMINAL KINETICS OF STEERS FED PRAIRIE HAY Story in Brief Pages 216-221 T.N. Bodine, H.T. Purvis II, M.T.
More informationCHANGES IN RUMINAL MICROBIAL POPULATIONS IN TRANSITION DAIRY COWS
Dairy Day 22 CHANGES IN RUMINAL MICROBIAL POPULATIONS IN TRANSITION DAIRY COWS A. F. Park, J. E. Shirley, E. C. Titgemeyer, R.C. Cochran, J. M. DeFrain, E. E. Ferdinand, N. Wallace, T. G. Nagaraja 1, and
More informationEffects of L-Carnitine and Soybean Oil on Growth Performance in Weanling Pigs
Effects of L-Carnitine and Soybean Oil on Growth Performance in Weanling Pigs M.J. Rincker, S.D. Carter, R.W. Fent, J.S. Park, and K.Q. Owen Story in Brief Two-hundred sixteen weanling pigs (18 d) were
More informationCOMPARISON AND EVALUATION OF AWASSI LAMBS FATTENING SYSTEMS IN PALESTINE.
Egyptian J. Nutrition and Feeds (2002) 5 (I): 23-29 COMPARISON AND EVALUATION OF AWASSI LAMBS FATTENING SYSTEMS IN PALESTINE. W. HainmacI 1, J. Abo Omar", R. Otlunan" and H. Shanti 1-Ministry of Agriculture,
More informationAG - 1 AQUACULTURE: A TRACE MINERAL PERSPECTIVE FOR FISH AND CRUSTACEANS
AG - 1 AQUACULTURE: A TRACE MINERAL PERSPECTIVE FOR FISH AND CRUSTACEANS AQUACULTURE: TRACE MINERALS AVAILABILITY OF TRACE MINERALS TO FISH AND SHRIMP FROM WATER ENVIRONMENT Fish Appear to Be More Tolerant
More informationSummary Report 3/2/05. Guowu Xu, Mark Whitney, and Jerry Shurson Department of Animal Science University of Minnesota
The Effects of Adding Distiller s Dried Grains with Solubles, with and without Phytase, to Swine Diets on Phosphorus Balance, and Phosphorus Levels and Chemical Forms of Phosphorus in Swine Manure. Introduction
More informationThe Effects of Feeding MIN-AD and Sodium Bicarbonate on Early Lactation Performance of Dairy Cattle
D-3.0-06/04 The Effects of Feeding MIN-AD and Sodium Bicarbonate on Early Lactation Performance of Dairy Cattle Abstract To determine the effects of MIN-AD on early lactation performance, 56 pregnant primi-
More informationCalcium Digestibility and Requirements for Digestible Calcium by Growing Pigs
Calcium Digestibility and Requirements for Digestible Calcium by Growing Pigs Hans H. Stein Department of Animal Sciences University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 Phone: (217) 333-0013 hstein@illinois.edu
More informationBEEF Postruminal flow of glutamate linearly increases small intestinal starch digestion in cattle 1
BEEF 05-06 Postruminal flow of glutamate linearly increases small intestinal starch digestion in cattle E. J. Blom, D. W. Brake, and D. E. Anderson 3 Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University
More informationRanchers Choice AN -18%
Ranchers Choice AN -18% All Purpose For Cattle, Sheep, Horses Guaranteed Analysis CRUDE PROTEIN, not less than... 18.0% CRUDE FAT, not less than... 4.00% CRUDE FIBER, not more than... 1.00% CALCIUM (Ca),
More informationEFFECTS OF FOUR SOYBEAN MEAL PRODUCTS ON LACTATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF DAIRY COWS. M. S. Awawdeh, E. C. Titgemeyer, J. S. Drouillard, and J. E.
Dairy Research 2006 EFFECTS OF FOUR SOYBEAN MEAL PRODUCTS ON LACTATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF DAIRY COWS M. S. Awawdeh, E. C. Titgemeyer, J. S. Drouillard, and J. E. Shirley Summary Thirty-two multiparous Holstein
More informationKey Words: Enzyme, Metabolizable Energy, Pigs
2000 Animal Science Research Report Effects of Hemicell Addition to Corn-Soybean Meal Diets on Energy and Nitrogen Balance in Growing Pigs Pages 117-122 L.A. Pettey, S.D. Carter and B.W. Senne Story in
More informationFactors Promoting Silica Urolithiasis (Urinary Calculi) in Sheep
South Dakota State University Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange South Dakota Sheep Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1989 Animal Science
More informationPOTENTIAL FOR EGG PROTEIN AND PORCINE SPRAY-DRIED BLOOD AS A REPLACEMENT FOR PLASMA PROTEIN (AP-920) IN EARLY- WEANING PIG DIETS
POTENTIAL FOR EGG PROTEIN AND PORCINE SPRAY-DRIED BLOOD AS A REPLACEMENT FOR PLASMA PROTEIN (AP-920) IN EARLY- WEANING PIG DIETS J. Chung, B.Z. de Rodas 3, C.V. Maxwell 4, M.E. Davis 2 and W.G. Luce 5
More informationThe Effect of Feeding Starter Diets for Different Periods on Performance of Broilers
The Effect of Feeding Starter Diets for Different Periods on Performance of Broilers Baha Eddin Abu-Bakr Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
More informationEffects of increasing the energy density of a lactating ewe diet by replacing grass hay with soybean hulls and dried distillers grains with solubles 1
Effects of increasing the energy density of a lactating ewe diet by replacing grass hay with soybean hulls and dried distillers grains with solubles 1 Aimee Wertz-Lutz 2, Robert Zelinsky 3, and Jeffrey
More informationSUPPLEMENTAL PROTEIN REQUIREMENT FOR BEEF COWS GRAZING STOCKPILED BERMUDAGRASS. Authors:
SUPPLEMENTAL PROTEIN REQUIREMENT FOR BEEF COWS GRAZING STOCKPILED BERMUDAGRASS 1999 Animal Science Research Report Authors: Story in Brief Pages 92-95 J.S. Wheeler, D.L. Lalman, C.A. Lents and L.A. Redmon
More informationEFFECTS OF ENERGY INTAKE LEVEL DURING THE GROWING PHASE ON FEEDLOT STEER PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS COMPOSITION
EFFECTS OF ENERGY INTAKE LEVEL DURING THE GROWING PHASE ON FEEDLOT STEER PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS COMPOSITION SUMMARY G. N. Hermesmeyer, L. L. Berger, and T. G. Nash Two experiments were conducted to evaluate
More informationGrowth Performance of Broilers Using a Phase-Feeding Approach with Diets Switched Every Other Day from Forty-Two to Sixty-Three Days of Age 1
Growth Performance of Broilers Using a Phase-Feeding Approach with Diets Switched Every Other Day from Forty-Two to Sixty-Three Days of Age 1 T. Pope, L. N. Loupe, J. A. Townsend, and J. L. Emmert 2 Department
More informationExperimental Procedure
I INFLUENCE OF DIETARY IRON AND PHOSPHORUS ON PERFORMANCE, TISSUE MINERAL COMPOSITION AND MINERAL ABSORPTION IN STEERS 1 J. F. STANDISH, 2 C. B. AI~MERMAN, A. Z. PALMER AND C. F. SIMPSON 3 University oj
More informationINTRODUCTION. X. G. Luo,*,2 F. Ji, 3 Y. X. Lin,* F. A. Steward, L. Lu,* B. Liu,* and S. X. Yu*
Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Copper Sulfate or Tribasic Copper Chloride on Broiler Performance, Relative Copper Bioavailability, and Oxidation Stability of Vitamin E in Feed 1 X. G. Luo,*,2
More informationINCREASING PERFORMANCE OF GROWING CATTLE AFTER WEANING USING COTTONSEED AND COTTONSEED MEAL SUPPLEMENTS
INCREASING PERFORMANCE OF GROWING CATTLE AFTER WEANING USING COTTONSEED AND COTTONSEED MEAL SUPPLEMENTS G. M. Hill, J. F. Baker, B.C. Hand, G. W. Stone, M. Keeler and T. Ingram Univ. of Georgia, Dept.
More informationT.N. Bodine, H.T. Purvis II and D.A. Cox. Pages Animal Science Research Report
T.N. Bodine, H.T. Purvis II and D.A. Cox 2000 Animal Science Research Report Pages 33-39 Effects of supplemental energy and Degradable Intake Protein on grazing behavior, forage intake, digestion and performance
More informationA Comparison of MIN-AD to MgO and Limestone in Peripartum Nutrition
A Comparison of MIN-AD to MgO and Limestone in Peripartum Nutrition D-9.0-03/17 Introduction Recent research has linked subclinical hypocalcemia, which impacts 11-25% of first lactation heifers and 42-60%
More informationBeef Strategies for the Ozarks
Beef Strategies for the Ozarks Presented by Furst-McNess Company J. Willard Lemaster Beef Business Leader & Nutritionist Saturday, October 20, 2018 1 Classes of Nutrients Nutrient chemical that supports
More informationComparing Tolerance of Selenium (Se) as Sodium Selenite or Se Yeast on Blood and Tissue Se Concentrations of Ruminants
Comparing Tolerance of Selenium (Se) as Sodium Selenite or Se Yeast on Blood and Tissue Se Concentrations of Ruminants Paul Davis 1 Lee McDowell Nancy Wilkinson Claus Buergelt Rachel Van Alstyne Richard
More informationAdvances in Trace Mineral Nutrition
Advances in Trace Mineral Nutrition Jerry W. Spears North Carolina State University Trace Minerals What is Important Provide adequate amounts of bioavailable trace minerals to meet requirements Safety
More informationTwo experiments were conducted to determine the influence of synthetic lysine
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 RUNNING TITLE: METHIONINE+CYSTEINE/LYSINE RATIO TITLE: Effects of Added Synthetic Lysine on Second Cycle Commercial Leghorns While Maintaining
More informationCows Fed Availa 4 Produce More Milk, Show Better Reproductive Performance
TECHNICAL BULLETIN Cows Fed Availa 4 Produce More Milk, Show Better Reproductive Performance Key Findings Replacing a portion of standard sulfate trace minerals with Availa 4 from Zinpro Performance Minerals
More informationKey words: growth, pantothenic acid, pig, ractopamine hydrochloride, vitamin
Effects of pantothenic acid on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs fed diets with or without ractopamine hydrochloride 1 C. N. Groesbeck,* R. D. Goodband,* 2 M. D.
More informationEffect of Protein and Energy Sources and Bulk Density of Diets on Growth Performance of Chicks 1
Effect of Protein and Energy Sources and Bulk Density of Diets on Growth Performance of Chicks 1 J. L. Shelton, D. W. Dean, L. L. Southern, and T. D. Bidner 2 Department of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State
More informationReproductive efficiency Environment 120 Low P ( ) High P ( ) ays
The impact of P on absorbable P in dairy cattle rations Why the concern over P in dairy rations Reproductive efficiency Environment Phosphorus and Dairy Nutrition Perceived relationship of P content of
More informationIntro to Meat Goat Nutrition
Intro to Meat Goat Nutrition John Harper Livestock & Natural Resource Advisor Mendocino & Lake Counties University of California Cooperative Extension Adapted from presentation by Susan Schoenian,Sheep
More informationEFFECTS OF WHOLE COTTONSEED, COTTONSEED OIL OR ANIMAL FAT ON DIGESTIBILITY OF WHEAT STRAW DIETS BY STEERS'
EFFECTS OF WHOLE COTTONSEED, COTTONSEED OIL OR ANIMAL FAT ON DIGESTIBILITY OF WHEAT STRAW DIETS BY STEERS' J. A. Moore, R. S. Swingle and W. H. Hale University of Arizona 2, Tucson 85721 ABSTRACT Two completely
More informationPROTEIN SUPPLEMENTATION: DAILY, ONCE EVERY 5 DAYS, OR ONCE EVERY 10 DAYS
PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTATION: DAILY, ONCE EVERY 5 DAYS, OR ONCE EVERY 10 DAYS C.S. Schauer 1, J. Caton 2, D. Drolc 1, D. Pearson 1, D. Stecher 1, and M. Stamm 1 1 Hettinger Research Extension Center, NDSU,
More informationEffects of Xylanase in High-Co-Product Diets on Nutrient Digestibility in Finishing Pigs 1
Effects of Xylanase in High-Co-Product Diets on Nutrient Digestibility in Finishing Pigs M. D. Asmus, J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen, and S. S. Dritz Summary A total of 36
More informationEFFECTS OF REPLACING WHEY PROTEIN CONCENTRATE WITH CRYSTALLINE AMINO ACIDS ON WEANLING PIG PERFORMANCE
EFFECTS OF REPLACING WHEY PROTEIN CONCENTRATE WITH CRYSTALLINE AMINO ACIDS ON WEANLING PIG PERFORMANCE 1999 Animal Science Research Report Authors: Story in Brief Pages 258-265 J. Chung, S.D. Carter,C.V.
More informationEFFECT OF WHEAT BRAN SUBSTITUTION FOR CORN AND DEHYDRATED ALFALFA ON FINISHING LAMBS. Abstract
Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2009, 38(1&2) : 61 66 ISSN 0003-3588 EFFECT OF WHEAT BRAN SUBSTITUTION FOR CORN AND DEHYDRATED ALFALFA ON FINISHING LAMBS M. S. Islam 1, M. Khan 2 and A. Reza 3 Abstract Two trials
More informationOF DIETARY CATION-ANION BALANCE ON MINERAL BALANCE IN HORSES. Story In Brief
EFFECf OF DIETARY CATION-ANION BALANCE ON MINERAL BALANCE IN HORSES L. A. Bakerl, D.R. Topliff2, D.W. Freeman2, RG. Teeter3 and I.E. Breazile4 Story In Brief Four mature sedentary geldings were used in
More informationTryptophan Bioavailability in Soybean Meal for Young Pigs
Introduction Tryptophan Bioavailability in Soybean Meal for Young Pigs O. Adeola Department of Animal Sciences Several studies have been conducted to determine the bioavailability of amino acids for young
More informationEFFECTS OF INCREASING DRIED DISTILLER S GRAINS ON FEED INTAKE
Swine Day 2004 EFFECTS OF INCREASING DRIED DISTILLER S GRAINS ON FEED INTAKE C. W. Hastad, J. L. Nelssen, R. D. Goodband, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz 2, J. M. DeRouchey and N. Z. Frantz Summary Recent studies
More informationNUTRITION. Understanding Nutrients and Their Importance
NUTRITION Understanding Nutrients and Their Importance What are the essential nutrients for animal production? Good nutrition can increase feed efficiency and the rate of gain for animals. Animals must
More informationDiet mixing time affects nursery pig performance 1
Diet mixing time affects nursery pig performance 1 C. N. Groesbeck,* R. D. Goodband,* 2 M. D. Tokach,* S. S. Dritz, J. L. Nelssen,* and J. M. DeRouchey* *Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas
More informationAnimal Industry Report
Animal Industry Report AS 661 ASL R2951 2015 Influence of Distillers Grains from a Cellulosic Ethanol Process Utilizing Corn Kernel Fiber on Nutrient Digestibility of Lambs and Steer Feedlot Performance
More informationIntroducing GemStone from Phibro Mineral Nutrition. GemStone is our exclusive line of chelated organic trace minerals (Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn).
1 Introducing GemStone from Phibro Mineral Nutrition. GemStone is our exclusive line of chelated organic trace minerals (Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn). Specifically formulated to meet the needs of the growing nutritional
More informationGrower-Finisher Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Pigs Fed Genetically Modified Bt Corn
Grower-Finisher Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Pigs Fed Genetically Modified Bt Corn Introduction T.E. Weber, B.T. Richert, D.C. Kendall, K.A. Bowers, and C.T. Herr Department of Animal Sciences
More informationEffect of Particle Size on the Utilization of Calcium Supplements by the Chick
1024 H. S. SIEGEL, L. N. DRURY AND W. C. PATTERSON of wire pens, floor pens, and cages on bone characteristics of laying hens. Poultry Sci. 49: 1223-1225. Sanger. U. L., B. R. Burmester and C. C. Morrill,
More informationEnergy and Nitrogen Balance of Pigs Fed Four Corn Grains
Energy and Nitrogen Balance of Pigs Fed Four Corn Grains R.W. Fent, S.D. Carter, M.J. Rincker, and J.S. Park Story in Brief Because corn is the primary energy source in diets for pigs, any variability
More informationEffects of Chitosan on Enteric Methane Production and Nutrient Digestibility of Beef Heifers
Effects of Chitosan on Enteric Methane Production and Nutrient Digestibility of Beef Heifers D. D. Henry, F. M. Ciriaco, M. Ruiz-Moreno, V. R. G. Mercadante, T. M. Schulmeister, G. C. Lamb, N. DiLorenzo
More informationEFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTING PRAIRIE HAY WITH TWO LEVELS OF CORN AND FOUR LEVELS OF DEGRADABLE INTAKE PROTEIN. II. RUMINAL PARAMETERS OF STEERS.
1999 Animal Science Research Report Authors: T.N. Bodine, H.T. Purvis II and C.J. Ackerman EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTING PRAIRIE HAY WITH TWO LEVELS OF CORN AND FOUR LEVELS OF DEGRADABLE INTAKE PROTEIN. II.
More informationL. E. Phillip, M.V. Simpson, E. S. Idziak H and S.F. Kubow*
Ruminal and metabolic effects of pure lignin in sheep fed low and high fibre diets. L. E. Phillip, M.V. Simpson, E. S. Idziak H and S.F. Kubow* Introduction Previous studies with cattle indicated that
More informationMETABOLISM AND NUTRITION
METABOLISM AND NUTRITION Effects of Reducing Dietary Protein, Methionine, Choline, Folic Acid, and Vitamin B 12 During the Late Stages of the Egg Production Cycle on Performance and Eggshell Quality 1
More informationINTAKEANDDIGESTIBiliTY
EFFECTS OF LACTATION TYPE OF SUPPLEMENTS ON FORAGE INTAKEANDDIGESTIBiliTY T.T. Marston1 and K. S. Lusby2 Story In Brief Spring-calving beef cows were used in two consecutive years, (n=32, year 1; n=42,
More informationEffects of Dietary Vitamin E Level and Source on Sow, Milk, and Piglet Concentrations of α-tocopherol 1
Effects of Dietary Vitamin E Level and Source on Sow, Milk, and Piglet Concentrations of α-tocopherol N. W. Shelton, J. L. Nelssen, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz 2, R. D. Goodband, J. M. DeRouchey, H. Yang
More informationEFFECTS OF COPPER SULFATE, TRI-BASIC COPPER CHLORIDE, AND ZINC OXIDE ON WEANLING PIG GROWTH AND PLASMA MINERAL CONCENTRATIONS 1
Swine Day 008 EFFECTS OF COPPER SULFATE, TRI-BASIC COPPER CHLORIDE, AND ZINC OXIDE ON WEANLING PIG GROWTH AND PLASMA MINERAL CONCENTRATIONS N. W. Shelton, M. D. Tokach, J. L. Nelssen, R. D. Goodband, S.
More informationFACTORS AFFECTING MANURE EXCRETION BY DAIRY COWS 1
FACTORS AFFECTING MANURE EXCRETION BY DAIRY COWS 1 W. P. Weiss Department of Animal Sciences Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center The Ohio State University Manure in an inevitable byproduct
More informationNiacin for Growing Sheep and Steers
Table 2. Feeding time Starting weight, lb. Daily gain, lb. Daily feed, lb. Feed/gain Expected gain, lb. Lamb Performance. Low Urea 24 hr. 1 hr. 86.8 0.52' 3.53' 6.82' 0.51 95.6 0.61' 3.39' 5.55' 0.48 1,2
More informationEvaluation of the Bioavailability of USA Lysine and MetiPEARL in Lactating Dairy Cows
Evaluation of the Bioavailability of USA Lysine and MetiPEARL in Lactating Dairy Cows USA Lysine and MetiPEARL are manufactured to have a precise specific gravity and particle size leading to rapid transit
More informationThe Development of Feedstuff Retainable Phosphorus Values for Broilers
The Development of Feedstuff Retainable Phosphorus Values for Broilers K. Leske and C. Coon 1 Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701 ABSTRACT Presently, phosphorus
More informationEffects of L-Carnitine in the Diet of Weanling Pigs I. Growth Performance
Effects of L-Carnitine in the Diet of Weanling Pigs I. Growth Performance M.J. Rincker, S.D. Carter, R.W. Fent, B.W. Senne, and K.Q. Owen Story in Brief An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects
More informationThe Effect of Citric Acid on the Calcium and Phosphorus Requirements of Chicks Fed Corn-Soybean Meal Diets
The Effect of Citric Acid on the Calcium and Phosphorus Requirements of Chicks Fed Corn-Soybean Meal Diets S. D. Boling-Frankenbach, 1 J. L. Snow, C. M. Parsons, 2 and D. H. Baker Department of Animal
More informationFEED TAGS FAST START CA I T LY N M W ELT Y. Tag required by all Feeds Custom Tags can be VERY generic: Feeds sold to more than one customer:
FEED TAGS FAST START CA I T LY N M W ELT Y IT S THE LAW Tag required by all Feeds Custom Tags can be VERY generic: Who its made for Feeding directions Medication & level Who made it (with address) Feeds
More information