Module I. Disasters and their Effects on the Population: Key Concepts

Transcription

1 PRE COURSE EXAM Place an x by the correct answer(s) on the answer sheet. Module I. Disasters and their Effects on the Population: Key Concepts 1. Which of the following best defines an event as a disaster? a. Event involving some kind of trauma to a vulnerable population that does not have the capacity to cope using their own resources b. Event characterized solely by vulnerability c. Event involving some kind of trauma to vulnerable populations which can be handled with local community resources d. Sudden and unexpected event causing damage to infrastructure 2. Which of the following would be the most effective way to reduce non trauma mortality in a disaster? a. Mass vaccination programs to provide full Expanded Program of Immunizations b. Deployment of field hospitals to provide health care for the displaced population c. Security measures provided by armed forces d. Provision of basic sanitation services, safe water and shelter Module II. Preventive Medicine in Humanitarian Emergencies 3. Indicate which of the following should be included in a rapid needs assessment in a humanitarian emergency. a. Water b. Food and nutrition c. Shelter d. All of the above 4. When does the under 5 years of age mortality rate (deaths / 10,000 people / day) indicate a serious situation after a disaster? a. When the rate is greater than 2 death/10,000 people/day b. When the rate is greater than 5 death/10,000 people/day c. When the rate is greater than 10 death/10,000 people/day 1

2 Module III. Planning and Triage in Disaster Scenario 5. You are the first rescuer in the scene of a multicasualty event, which is your first intervention on site? a. Initiate transport of the victims b. Alert and confirmation c. Perform on-site triage d. Provide initial therapy for more severely injured victims 6. Indicate which of the following are risks that should be assessed at the site of the incident? a. Structural dangers at the impact zone b. Blood and body fluid exposure c. Potential gas leak and fire at the site d. All of the above Module IV. Pediatric Trauma 7. Which of following should not be included in your primary survey of the patient with trauma? a. Ambulation b. Airway c. Breathing d. Circulation 8. Which of these is the least likely complication that may occur from a crush injury of the lower extremities, particularly when extraction is delayed? a. Hyperkalemia or hypokalemia b. Metabolic acidosis c. Pulmonary edema d. Compartment syndrome Module V. Management of Prevalent Infections in Children Following a Disaster 9. Select from the following list what is not a danger sign from integrated management of Childhood illness that require referral to a hospital. a. Seizures b. Too ill to feed c. Unable to awaken d. One episode of vomiting 10. Which of the following is not recommended in the management of children with severe dengue? a. Oral or intravenous rehydration b. Use of colloidal solutions or blood c. Use of aspirin or ibuprofen antipyretics d. Hematocrit monitoring 2

3 Module VI. Diarrhea and Dehydration 11. Which of the following is not appropriate for Plan A treatment of diarrhea? a. Increase fluid uptake (broth, soup, rice water), according to tolerability. b. Show the mother how to prepare the ORS c. Give 25 ml of ORS after each defecation, until stools return to normal. Offer usual food. d. If no improvement is noted after 3-5 days, make a second visit. If the child continues to vomit, has bloody stools, or there is any change in the general appearance of the child (danger signs), come immediately to the health post. 12. Which of these is not included in the 3 rules for treating diarrhea at home in Plan A? a. Give the child more fluids than usual to prevent dehydration b. Give the child enough food to prevent malnutrition. c. Give the child an appropriate antibiotic. d. Take the child to a healthcare worker if he or she does not get better in 3 days or develops any concerning signs Module VII. Delivery and Immediate Neonatal Care 13. In the initial assessment of a newborn which of the following categories is not included? a. Activity b. Breathing c. Color d. Heart rate 14. Which of the following is the first step in neonatal resuscitation? a. Suction of oropharyngeal secretions b. Dry the newborn and appropriate positioning to clear the airway c. 100% oxygen during 30 seconds d. Positive pressure ventilation Module VIII. Nutrition and Malnutrition 15. The mid upper arm circumference measurement for moderate acute malnutrition is: a. <115 mm b mm c mm 16. The rapid evaluation of the nutritional status of a population which has been affected by a disaster should include: a. Obtain heights and weights on all children under 15 years of age in the population b. Determine the body mass index of a sample of the population that reflects the age distribution of the population c. Initially measure the middle upper arm circumference (MUAC) in a significant number of children less than 5 years old d. Obtain heights and weights on all children under 12 months of age in the population 3

4 Module IX. The Emotional Impact of Disasters on Children and Families 17. Select from the following which is not a common reaction to an immediate or short term traumatic event. a. Anxiety and trauma-related fears, including concerns about additional tornadoes and flooding b. Sleep problems (trouble falling or staying asleep; nightmares) c. Suicidal thoughts d. Separation anxiety (refusal to separate from family members) and school avoidance 18. Which of the following individual features affect emotional vulnerability the most? a. Prior school performance b. Children s TV viewing habits c. Degree of adult dependency d. Cultural beliefs Module X. Toxic Exposures 19. Which of the following is the first goal in the management of a toxicological disaster? a. Stabilization of victims in the hot zone b. Removal of contaminated clothes c. Enhance rescue personnel safety d. Facilitate the intervention of media personnel in the support zone 20. Which of the following statements regarding decontamination is true? a. Decontamination is usually most important in disasters involving biologic exposures b. Victims can be decontaminated after they are stabilized at the advanced medical post c. Decontamination in the scene of the disaster is usually inadequate and this procedure should be done only in the referral hospital d. Thermal stress protection is critical in the decontamination of children 4

5 Appendix Pediatric trauma scoring Item Weight > 20 kg kg < 10 kg Airway Intact Stabilized Not stabilized Systolic BP > 90 mmhg mmhg < 50 mmhg CNS Awake Lethargic Coma Open wound None Minor Major Fracture None Closed Multiple or open 5

6 Pediatrics in Disasters Pre-Course Exam Name Date of Course Module I 1. a b c d 2. a b c d Module II 3. a b c d 4. a b c Module III 5. a b c d 6. a b c d Module IV 7. a b c d 8. a b c d Module V 9. a b c d 10. a b c d Module VI 11. a b c d 12. a b c d Module VII 13. a b c d 14. a b c d Module VIII 15. a b c 16. a b c d Module IX 17. a b c d 18. a b c d Module X 19. a b c d 20. a b c d 6