HAND GRASP DEVELOPMENT

Transcription

1 TYPICAL HAND GRASP DEVELOPMENT FOR FINE MOTOR SKILLS

2 Copyright 2017, Heather Greutman - Growing Hands-On Kids, LLC All rights reserved. This book or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or used in any manner whatsoever without the express written permission from the author except for the use of brief quotations in a book review. Heather Greutman is a Certified Occupational Therapy Assistant. This product is for educational use only. The advice and tips given are not a replacement for medical advice from a physician or pediatrician. Please consult their advice if you suspect any medical or developmental delay with your child. This book and tips do not replace the relationship between therapist and client in a one-on-one treatment session with an individualized treatment plan based on their professional evaluation. Please seek out your local Occupational Therapist for an evaluation if you suspect any delays in fine motor skills or other skills with your child. All activities are designed to be completed with adult supervision. Please use your judgment when setting up these activities for your child and do not provide items that could pose a choking hazard for young children. Never leave a child unattended when completing any of these activities. Please also be aware of all age recommendations on the products you are using with your child. The author is not liable for any injury caused to your child while completing any of these activities.

3 CRUDE PALMAR GRASP 0-5 months old By age 3.9 months a baby should be able to grasp a rattle or other objects. By age 5.2 months a baby will reach for objects with their whole arm using a crude palmar grasp (grabbing at objects with the pinkie finger side (palmar side) of their hand).

4 PALMAR GRASP 6 months old A baby will start using their entire hand to grasp at objects, including some thumb movement. Palmar Definition: Palm side or inside part of the hand.

5 RADIAL PALMAR GRASP 7 months old A baby will begin involving the thumb and all fingers, while using more of the thumb side of their hand to grab objects or using a radial palmar grasp. Radial Definition: thumb side of the hand.

6 RAKING GRASP 8 months old By 8 months a baby will start to use a raking type grasp. This involves bending (or flexing) the fingers to bring objects into the hand and closer to them.

7 RADIAL DIGITAL GRASP 8-10 months old Between 8-10 months old a baby will start to perfect the pincer grasp using a Radial Digital Grasp. A radial grasp refers to the fingers from the middle finger to the thumb doing the grasping. As pictured, the child tends to use the pads of their fingers to grasp instead of the tips.

8 INFERIOR PINCER GRASP 8-10 months old The difference between the inferior pincer and regular pincer grasp is all in the placement of the finger tips. The index and thumb are used for this grasp and the pads of the fingers are used for holding the object.

9 PINCER GRASP 10 months old By age 10.2 months, a baby should be able to use a thumb-finger grasp (pincer grasp). A true pincer grasp is using the tips of the pointer/index finger and thumb. You may also see this referred to as the pincher grasp, however the correct term is pincer.

10 PALMAR SUPINATE GRASP months old A young toddler will begin to use a palmar supinate grasp. It is a fisted grasp with the thumb wrapped at the top of the writing utensil or objects. This is considered a primative grasp. Palmar Definition: palm side, or inside part of the hand. Supinate Definition: palm facing up or forwards.

11 DIGITAL PRONATE GRASP 2-3 years old This is the beginning of an efficient looking hand grasp (transitional grasp). The fingers are now pointed down towards the bottom of the writing utensil, however all the fingers are being used along with a lot of arm/shoulder movements. Digital Definition: Thumb side of the hand. Pronate Definition: Palm facing down or backwards.

12 QUADRUPOD GRASP 3-4 years old This grasp is also referred to as a 4 finger grasp, 3 fingers on the writing utensil and then resting on the 4th finger. A quadrupod grasp can be considered an efficient grasp, some children just need an extra finger to help support the pencil.

13 STATIC TRIPOD GRASP 3-4 years old This is considered a 3-finger grasp, the index and thumb pads resting on the pencil, with support from the middle finger, forming a tripod. The writing movement comes from the wrist and hand instead of just the fingers. Static refers to the movement of writing coming from the entire hand and wrist, with no movement of the fingers (the fingers remain static or not moving). The forearm may or may not rest on the table for support.

14 DYNAMIC TRIPOD GRASP years old The most mature and efficient grasp for handwriting. This grasp is described as a 3 finger grasp, two fingertips on the writing utensil (thumb and index) with the pencil resting on the middle finger, forming a tripod. The index and thumb form a complete open circle (web space), pinching the pencil between. The 4th and 5th fingers are tucked in the palm of the hand. Dynamic refers to the movement of writing coming from the fingers (thumb, index, and middle), with minimal to no wrist movement. The forearm rests on the table for support.