A META-ANALYSIS OF OXFAM S WOMEN S EMPOWERMENT PROJECTS
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1 Using internal evolutions to measure organizational impact A META-ANALYSIS OF OXFAM S WOMEN S EMPOWERMENT PROJECTS Simone Lombardini and Kristen McCollum ( JDEff) 23 rd May 2018
2 OUTLINE Purpose & Research questions Effectiveness Reviews Projects description Measuring women's empowerment Meta-analysis methodology Results Conclusions Page 2
3 PURPOSE AND RESEARCH QUESTIONS Purpose & Research questions Effectiveness Reviews Projects description Measuring women's empowerment Meta-analysis methodology Results Conclusions
4 PURPOSE Organisational perspective: Measure the overall impact of Oxfam s projects aiming to improve women s empowerment Programme perspective: Investigate heterogeneity in project impact Measurement perspective: Assess validity in the tools used to measure empowerment. Page 4
5 EFFECTIVENESS REVIEWS Purpose & Research questions Effectiveness Reviews Projects description Measuring women's empowerment Meta-analysis methodology Results Conclusions
6 EFFECTIVENESS REVIEWS Started in 2011 Evaluations published regardless on the results Data are publicly available Random selection process Six different thematic areas Rigour & Accountability Participation & Learning Page 6
7 EFFECTIVENESS REVIEWS Started in 2011 Evaluations published regardless on the results Data are publicly available Random selection process Six different thematic areas Page 7
8 EFFECTIVENESS REVIEWS Started in 2011 Evaluations published regardless on the results Data are publicly available Random selection process Six different thematic areas Page 8
9 EFFECTIVENESS REVIEWS Started in 2011 Evaluations published regardless on the results Data are publicly available Random selection process Six different thematic areas 1,287 active projects 407 projects 148 projects 122 Projects > GBP200k > 2.5 years High sensitive Randomly select by thematic area (3 each) Source: OPAL data FY Page 9
10 EFFECTIVENESS REVIEWS Started in 2011 Evaluations published regardless on the results Data are publicly available Random selection process Six different thematic areas Page 10
11 EFFECTIVENESS REVIEWS Started in 2011 Evaluations published regardless on the results Data are publicly available Random selection process Six different thematic areas Page 11
12 MORE META-ANALYSIS AND REVIEWS Page 12
13 PROJECTS DESCRIPTION Purpose & Research questions Effectiveness Reviews Projects description Measuring women's empowerment Meta-analysis methodology Results Conclusions
14 PROJECTS DESCRIPTION 16 projects evaluated under the thematic area of women s empowerment from Guatemala Honduras Sierra Leone Mali Nigeria Zambia Malawi Uganda Rwanda Ethiopia Lebanon Armenia Yemen Pakistan Indonesia Philippines Page 14
15 MEASURING WOMEN S EMPOWERMENT Purpose & Research questions Effectiveness Reviews Projects description Measuring women's empowerment Meta-analysis methodology Results Conclusions
16 MEASURING WOMEN S EMPOWERMENT Multidimensional and context specific Changes at different levels Definition broader than what project was trying to change Reference: Alkire et al. (2013) Bishop and Bowman (2014) Lombardini, Bowman and Garwood (2017) Page 16
17 META-ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY Purpose & Research questions Effectiveness Reviews Projects description Measuring women's empowerment Meta-analysis methodology Results Conclusions
18 META-ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY Effect size choices Hedge s g for multidimensional index Risk-ratio (RR) for other outcome variables Random effects Risk of bias table Page 18
19 RESULTS Purpose & Research questions Effectiveness Reviews Projects description Measuring women's empowerment Meta-analysis methodology Results Conclusions
20 RESULTS OUTLINE Overall Women s Empowerment Index Heterogeneity of impact Overall results on empowerment indicators Changes within the person Opinions on women s economic role Changes within the household Share of household income Household decision making Changes within the community Influence within the community Unintended negative effects Exposure to violence Page 20
21 RESULTS OUTLINE Overall Women s Empowerment Index Heterogeneity of impact Overall results on empowerment indicators Changes within the person Opinions on women s economic role Changes within the household Share of household income Household decision making Changes within the community Influence within the community Unintended negative effects Exposure to violence Page 21
22 OVERALL WOMEN S EMPOWERMENT INDEX Page 22
23 HETHEROGENEITY OF IMPACT First meta-regression of effect sizes on: Expenditure per beneficiary* Project Duration Regional dummies Second meta-regression of effect sizes on: Sample size Number of indicators Page 23
24 RESULTS OUTLINE Overall Women s Empowerment Index Heterogeneity of impact Overall results on empowerment indicators Changes within the person Opinions on women s economic role Changes within the household Share of household income Household decision making Changes within the community Influence within the community Unintended negative effects Exposure to violence Page 24
25 OPINIONS ON WOMEN S ECONOMIC ROLE Page 25
26 RESULTS OUTLINE Overall Women s Empowerment Index Heterogeneity of impact Overall results on empowerment indicators Changes within the person Opinions on women s economic role Changes within the household Share of household income Household decision making Changes within the community Influence within the community Unintended negative effects Exposure to violence Page 26
27 SHARE OF CONTRIBUTION TO HOUSEHOLD INCOME Page 27
28 HOUSEHOLD DECISION-MAKING Page 28
29 RESULTS OUTLINE Overall Women s Empowerment Index Heterogeneity of impact Overall results on empowerment indicators Changes within the person Opinions on women s economic role Changes within the household Share of household income Household decision making Changes within the community Influence within the community Unintended negative effects Exposure to violence Page 29
30 WOMEN S INFLUENCE IN THE COMMUNITY Page 30
31 RESULTS OUTLINE Overall Women s Empowerment Index Heterogeneity of impact Overall results on empowerment indicators Changes within the person Opinions on women s economic role Changes within the household Share of household income Household decision making Changes within the community Influence within the community Unintended negative effects Exposure to violence Page 31
32 EXPOSURE TO VIOLENCE Page 32
33 CONCLUSIONS Purpose & Research questions Effectiveness Reviews Projects description Measuring women's empowerment Meta-analysis methodology Results Conclusions
34 CONCLUSION Organisation: Evidence of overall impact on women s empowerment Programme: Positive impact on women s opinions and influencing community groups. Re-thinking link to household income and household decision making More accurately detect and prevent any possible unintended negative effect (particularly on violence) Measurement: No evidence against multidimentional index Strengthening measurement on violence Group participation Page 34
35 Page 35
36 THANK YOU! Page 36
37 APPENDIX
38 Page 38
39 Page 39
40 Page 40
41 Page 41
USING INTERNAL EVALUATIONS TO MEASURE ORGANIZATIONAL IMPACT
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