9. The example of the hamburger is used in the text to highlight A. the accessibility of cheap food in our modern society. B. the health risks of

Transcription

1 1 Student: 1. The primary relationships studied by sociologists are the ones between A. the state and society. B. individuals and society. C. societies. D. corporations and society. 2. Which of the following is an accurate description of sociology? A. The systematic study of the relationship between the individual and society and of the consequences of difference. B. The systematic study of how social relationships influence people's behavior. C. The systematic study of how major social institutions and individuals interact. D. All of the answers are correct. 3. The sociological imagination A. is an awareness of the relationship between individuals and the social forces that shape our lives. B. focuses on the distinction between history and biography. C. is the ability to construct fictional stories from events in our lives. D. results in anomie. 4. One way to develop a sociological imagination is to view your own society A. from the perspective of personal experience. B. from the perspective of cultural biases. C. as an outsider. D. as an insider. 5. A sociologist observing behavior at a college football game would probably focus on: A. the coach's demeanor on the sideline. B. a fan who has fallen asleep during the game's fourth quarter. C. the interaction among fans during the pre-game ritual of tailgate parties. D. the cleanliness of the rest room facilities in the stadium. 6. Which of the following would be an example of the use of the sociological imagination? A. a study of an individual's sleeping patterns B. an analysis of the content of dreams C.a study that concentrates on the behavior of people listening to a religious service compared to those listening to a rock concert D. an analysis of the U.S. president's power to declare war 7. Divorce, unemployment, and rising gas prices all can be viewed as A. private troubles. B. public issues. C. neither privates trouble nor public issues. D. both private troubles and public issues. 8. The sociological imagination is an empowering tool because it A. enables us to write great literature. B. helps us to understand the perspectives of people from different social circumstances. C. enables us to predict the outcome of elections. D. all of the answers are correct.

2 9. The example of the hamburger is used in the text to highlight A. the accessibility of cheap food in our modern society. B. the health risks of fast food. C. society's shared knowledge and skills. D. none of the answers is correct. 10. Which of the following are the key components of the definition of sociology? A. systematic study B. the individual and society C. the consequences of difference D. all of the answers are correct. 11. The fact that more men than women survived the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami reveals A. the consequences of difference. B. the power of anomie. C. the power of agency. D. the impact of the sociological imagination. 12. A condition in which members of society have differing amounts of wealth, prestige, or power is referred to as A. social inequality. B. pure sociology. C. applied sociology. D. social psychology. 13. A body of knowledge obtained by methods based on systematic observation is called a(n) A. theory. B. hypothesis. C. science. D. ideal type. 14. Sociology is considered a science because sociologists A. work in laboratories. B. engage in organized and systematic study of phenomena to enhance understanding. C. receive government funding for research projects. D. construct middle-range theories to explain social behavior. 15. Fields of study that explore various features of the ways in which humans interact and change often are considered A. natural sciences. B. social sciences. C. typologies. D. psychological categories. 16. Fields of study that explore the physical features of nature and the ways in which they interact and change are considered A. natural sciences. B. social sciences. C. typologies. D. psychological categories. 17. A natural scientist would be likely to study A. the clothing patterns of a group of people during a 100-year period. B. food preparation among a tribal group in New Guinea. C. rock formations and composition in the Grand Canyon. D. the interaction between men and women on a college campus.

3 18. A social scientist would be likely to study the A. composition of a meteorite discovered in a remote area of Siberia. B. reasons for the decreasing divorce rate in the United States. C. newest procedure in heart transplant surgery. D. possibility of life on Mars. 19. Which of the following would be the type of question a sociologist might ask in studying the global economic crisis that began in 2008? A. How does this crisis compare to the Great Depression of the 1930s? B. How do the positions we occupy influence our experience of the crisis? C. What emotional traumas has this crisis caused? D. How have governments responded to the crisis? 20. Sociologists argue that, unlike scientific knowledge, commonsense conclusions are A. not published. B. not reliable. C. not politically correct. D. easily disseminated. 21. A sociological study of the divorce rate among U.S. soldiers served to A. redefine common sense perceptions of this topic. B. minimize the distinction between sociology and common sense. C. emphasize the distinction between sociology and common sense. D. reveal the flaws in sociological methods. 22. A set of statements that seeks to explain problems, actions, or behavior is called a(n) A. science. B. typology. C. theory. D. ideal type. 23. Émile Durkheim's study of suicide related suicide rates to A. personal depression. B. personal stress. C. the extent to which people were integrated into the group life of a society. D. climatic conditions (e.g., oppressive heat, heavy rain, cold winters). 24. Émile Durkheim's explanation of suicide was scientific because he A. developed conclusions based on systematic examination of data. B. carefully studied the personalities of hundreds of suicide victims. C. worked in a university setting. D. divided suicide into four distinctive categories. 25. Which of the following statements is an example of a sociological theory? A. Suicide rates are a reflection of whether people are, or are not, integrated into the group life of a society. B. John's suicide was probably the result of the stress he was feeling at work. C. Social groups must have three or more members. D. Betting on horse races increases on sunny days. 26. Which sociologist established Europe's first university department of sociology? A. Émile Durkheim. B. Auguste Comte. C. C. Wright Mills. D. Max Weber.

4 27. Which of the following is true about August Comte? A. He sought to reveal the "laws of society." B. He thought humans could learn to understand the forces that helped society to maintain order. C. He thought humans could learn to understand the forces that caused society to change. D. All of the answers are correct. 28. Which of the following is true about Harriet Martineau? A. introduced the significance of inequality and power into the discipline of sociology. B. believed scholars should be activists and not just commentators. C. both of the answers are correct. D. neither of the answers is correct. 29. Harriet Martineau argued that we could learn a lot about a culture by analyzing the ideas, themes, and images reflected in the culture's A. bestselling books. B. children's toys. C. television shows. D. popular songs. 30. Anomie refers to a A. model that serves as a measuring rod against which actual cases can be evaluated. B. loss of direction that is felt in a society when social control of individual behavior has become ineffective. C. classification scheme containing two or more categories. D. type of suicide that is based on depression. 31. In many emerging nations, the pace of social change is very rapid and there is significant hunger and starvation, unemployment, and family disruption. Individuals who live in emerging nations are likely to suffer A. dialecticism. B. anomie. C. a lack of sociological imagination. D. a lack of dramaturgy. 32. Durkheim was particularly concerned about A. the oppression of the masses. B. racism. C. the loss of social order. D. sexism. 33. Karl Marx was concerned about loss of control over our creative human capacity to produce, separation from the products we make, and isolation from our fellow workers, which he called A. anomie. B. segregation. C. modernization. D. alienation. 34. In Karl Marx's analysis, social inequality is determined by A. men and women who clash in pursuit of their own interests. B. ownership, or lack thereof, of key material resources. C. blacks and whites who clash in pursuit of their own racial interests. D. the religious and the non-religious who clash in pursuit of their own interests. 35. Max Weber's theory of power included A. social status. B. organizational resources. C. displacement. D. social status and organizational resources.

5 36. Sociological studies that focus on large-scale phenomena or entire civilizations are defined as A. microsociology. B. interactionism. C. macrosociology. D. dramaturgy. 37. A study of divorce rates among the populations of Canada, England, the United States, and France is an example of A. alienation. B. interactionism. C. microsociology. D. macrosociology. 38. stresses the study of small groups. A. Microsociology B. Macrosociology C. Middle-range sociology D. Conflict theory 39. A sociologist studies drug-use patterns among small groups of college students in a midwestern college. This would be an example of A. conflict theory. B. functionalism. C. macrosociology. D. microsociology. 40. Erving Goffman popularized the dramaturgical approach, which A. compares everyday life to the setting of the theater. B. focuses on the study of actors as representatives of the larger society. C. emphasizes the dramatic consequences of political revolution. D. uses theater as therapy to cure anti-social tendencies. 41. W.E.B. Du Bois investigated power and inequality based on A. gender. B. race. C. class. D. gender and race. 42. Ida Wells-Barnett investigated power and inequality based on A. gender. B. race. C. class. D. gender and race. 43. Which of the following is true about Jane Addams? A. She rejected the idea that sociologists should be social reformers. B. She used sociology as a tool to improve the lives of the urban poor. C. She worked primarily with male sociologists. D. She sought to impose segregation in Chicago public schools. 44. The functionalist perspective views society as A. stable and well integrated. B. characterized by tension and struggle. C. inherently unequal. D. All the answers are correct.

6 45. Which sociological perspective would suggest that if an aspect of social life does not contribute to a society's stability, then it does not serve a useful function? D. None of the answers is correct. 46. A functionalist perspective would be most likely to argue that the existence of big-city political machines suggests A. that these political organizations satisfy certain basic social needs. B. the need for immigrant groups to struggle for power against entrenched interests. C. the static nature of society. D. All the answers are correct. 47. Which sociological perspective emphasizes the distribution of power and the allocation of resources? D. global perspective 48. Critics of television often suggest that executives of major television networks and movie corporations are wealthy White males who decide which programs or movies will be produced and which directors and actors will obtain jobs in the industry. This analysis reflects the... D. global perspective. 49. With which of the following conflicting groups are contemporary conflict theorists concerned? A. women and men B. cities and suburbs C. blacks and whites D. All the answers are correct. 50. Interactionist perspective A. uses everyday forms of social interaction to explain larger patterns of society. B. views society as constantly fluid. C. views individuals as primary agents of change. D. All the answers are correct. 51. Which sociological approach would argue that people respect laws or disobey them based on their own past experience? D. feminist perspective 52. Which sociological perspective would argue that laws reinforce the positions of those in power? D. none of the above 53. Which sociological perspective would argue that public punishments reinforce the social order? D. feminist perspective

7 54. Which sociological perspective would argue that change takes place all the time and may have positive consequences? D. feminist perspective 55. The view that social order is maintained through cooperation and consensus would most likely be held by A. functionalists. B. conflict theorists. C. interactionists. D. global sociologists. 56. Which sociological perspective would suggest that social change is reflected in people's social positions and their communications with others? D. feminist perspective 57. In general, sociologists tend to A. focus their research within one of the three major sociological perspectives. B. draw insights from all three major perspectives. C. treject the research of colleagues who emphasize a different perspective. D. wholly identify themselves as functionalist, conflict theorist, or interactionist. 58. Personal sociology A. tends to be practiced only by academic sociologists. B. requires recognition of how our individual position in society shapes our perspective. C. requires individuals to become social activists. D. All the answers are correct. 59. Using sociology with the specific intent of yielding practical applications for human behavior and organizations is referred to as A. pure science. B. clinical sociology. C. applied sociology. D. basic sociology. 60. Which of the following statements is true? A. Clinical sociology is dedicated to facilitating change by altering organizations or restructuring social institutions. B. Applied sociology is dedicated to facilitating change by altering organizations or restructuring social institutions. C. Applied sociology has become less popular in recent decades. D. Clinical sociology has existed for only the last 20 years. 61. The worldwide integration of government policies, cultures, social movements, and financial markets through trade and the exchange of ideas is known as: A. modernization. B. globalization. C. internationalism. D. None of the answers is correct. 62. A sociological relationship between the individual and society is one in which the choices of the individual are determined by the individual's societal position. True False

8 63. It follows logically from C. Wright Mills' description of the term sociological imagination as our ability to see the interaction between history and biography that neither society nor the individual can be understood in isolation from the other. True False 64. The main purpose of the "hamburger as miracle" story is to show that, when the need arises, all individuals are capable of achieving their goals without the help of others. True False 65. The observation by sociologists that the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami killed a higher proportion of men than women is an example of the importance of the consequences of difference. True False 66. Sociology can most accurately be considered a natural science because it involves the systematic examination of the effects of human nature on society. True False 67. The fact that sociology researchers have found little difference between the two sexes in terms of talkativeness is an example of why the systematic analysis of facts practiced by sociologists is generally more reliable than common sense knowledge. True False 68. According to Durkheim's theory about the causes of suicide, the more interconnected and interdependent a society's members, the lower its suicide rate should be. True False 69. Of the three main sociological perspectives, the dramaturgical approach, as popularized by Erving Goffman, would best be considered an example of the interactionist perspective. True False 70. A sociologist who views religion as a societal institution that functions to preserve existing inequalities is most likely to be a conflict theorist in terms of perspective. True False 71. Of the various ways to practice sociology, the way that offers the most direct link between theory and practice is clinical sociology. True False 72. Explain what is meant by the phrase "the consequences of difference." Why is this concept so important to the study of sociology? Illustrate your answer with a real world example of the importance of the consequences of difference. 73. Differentiate between the terms "sociology" and "sociological imagination." How useful a concept is the sociological imagination to our understanding of society, the individual, and the relationship between the two?

9 74. To what extent can sociology legitimately be considered a "science"? In which respects does sociology provide for more meaningful analysis than common sense? Use examples to illustrate your answer. 75. Briefly describe the three main sociological perspectives. To what extent are these perspectives mutually complimentary? To what extent are they mutually contradictory? Which, in your view, provides the most compelling perspective on society? 76. Distinguish between the term personal, academic, applied, and clinical sociology. Are all of these approaches to sociology equally useful? Which of these is the most useful, and why?

10 1. (p. 4) 2. (p. 4) 3. (p. 4) 1 Key The primary relationships studied by sociologists are the ones between A. the state and society. B. individuals and society. C. societies. D. corporations and society. Which of the following is an accurate description of sociology? A. The systematic study of the relationship between the individual and society and of the consequences of difference. B. The systematic study of how social relationships influence people's behavior. C. The systematic study of how major social institutions and individuals interact. D. All of the answers are correct. Witt - Chapter 01 #1 Witt - Chapter 01 #2 The sociological imagination A. is an awareness of the relationship between individuals and the social forces that shape our lives. B. focuses on the distinction between history and biography. C. is the ability to construct fictional stories from events in our lives. D. results in anomie. 4. (p. 4) One way to develop a sociological imagination is to view your own society A. from the perspective of personal experience. B. from the perspective of cultural biases. C. as an outsider. D. as an insider. Witt - Chapter 01 #3 5. (p. 4) 6. (p. 4) A sociologist observing behavior at a college football game would probably focus on: A. the coach's demeanor on the sideline. B. a fan who has fallen asleep during the game's fourth quarter. C. the interaction among fans during the pre-game ritual of tailgate parties. D. the cleanliness of the rest room facilities in the stadium. Witt - Chapter 01 #4 Witt - Chapter 01 #5 Which of the following would be an example of the use of the sociological imagination? A. a study of an individual's sleeping patterns B. an analysis of the content of dreams C.a study that concentrates on the behavior of people listening to a religious service compared to those listening to a rock concert D. an analysis of the U.S. president's power to declare war 7. (p. 5) Divorce, unemployment, and rising gas prices all can be viewed as A. private troubles. B. public issues. C. neither privates trouble nor public issues. D. both private troubles and public issues. Witt - Chapter 01 #6 Witt - Chapter 01 #7

11 8. (p. 5) The sociological imagination is an empowering tool because it A. enables us to write great literature. B. helps us to understand the perspectives of people from different social circumstances. C. enables us to predict the outcome of elections. D. all of the answers are correct. 9. (p. 5) The example of the hamburger is used in the text to highlight A. the accessibility of cheap food in our modern society. B. the health risks of fast food. C. society's shared knowledge and skills. D. none of the answers is correct. Witt - Chapter 01 #8 10. (p. 6) 11. (p. 13) 12. (p. 8) 13. (p. 9) 14. (p. 9) Which of the following are the key components of the definition of sociology? A. systematic study B. the individual and society C. the consequences of difference D. all of the answers are correct. The fact that more men than women survived the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami reveals A. the consequences of difference. B. the power of anomie. C. the power of agency. D. the impact of the sociological imagination. Witt - Chapter 01 #9 Witt - Chapter 01 #10 Witt - Chapter 01 #11 A condition in which members of society have differing amounts of wealth, prestige, or power is referred to as A. social inequality. B. pure sociology. C. applied sociology. D. social psychology. Witt - Chapter 01 #12 A body of knowledge obtained by methods based on systematic observation is called a(n) A. theory. B. hypothesis. C. science. D. ideal type. Sociology is considered a science because sociologists A. work in laboratories. B. engage in organized and systematic study of phenomena to enhance understanding. C. receive government funding for research projects. D. construct middle-range theories to explain social behavior. Witt - Chapter 01 #13 Witt - Chapter 01 #14

12 15. (p. 9) 16. (p. 9) Fields of study that explore various features of the ways in which humans interact and change often are considered A. natural sciences. B. social sciences. C. typologies. D. psychological categories. Witt - Chapter 01 #15 Fields of study that explore the physical features of nature and the ways in which they interact and change are considered A. natural sciences. B. social sciences. C. typologies. D. psychological categories. 17. (p. 9) 18. (p. 9) A natural scientist would be likely to study A. the clothing patterns of a group of people during a 100-year period. B. food preparation among a tribal group in New Guinea. C. rock formations and composition in the Grand Canyon. D. the interaction between men and women on a college campus. A social scientist would be likely to study the A. composition of a meteorite discovered in a remote area of Siberia. B. reasons for the decreasing divorce rate in the United States. C. newest procedure in heart transplant surgery. D. possibility of life on Mars. Witt - Chapter 01 #16 Witt - Chapter 01 # (p. 9) 20. (p. 9-10) Witt - Chapter 01 #18 Which of the following would be the type of question a sociologist might ask in studying the global economic crisis that began in 2008? A. How does this crisis compare to the Great Depression of the 1930s? B. How do the positions we occupy influence our experience of the crisis? C. What emotional traumas has this crisis caused? D. How have governments responded to the crisis? Sociologists argue that, unlike scientific knowledge, commonsense conclusions are A. not published. B. not reliable. C. not politically correct. D. easily disseminated. Witt - Chapter 01 # (p. 10) A sociological study of the divorce rate among U.S. soldiers served to A. redefine common sense perceptions of this topic. B. minimize the distinction between sociology and common sense. C. emphasize the distinction between sociology and common sense. D. reveal the flaws in sociological methods. Witt - Chapter 01 #20 Witt - Chapter 01 #21

13 22. (p. 10) A set of statements that seeks to explain problems, actions, or behavior is called a(n) A. science. B. typology. C. theory. D. ideal type. 23. (p. 10) 24. (p. 11) Émile Durkheim's study of suicide related suicide rates to A. personal depression. B. personal stress. C. the extent to which people were integrated into the group life of a society. D. climatic conditions (e.g., oppressive heat, heavy rain, cold winters). Émile Durkheim's explanation of suicide was scientific because he A. developed conclusions based on systematic examination of data. B. carefully studied the personalities of hundreds of suicide victims. C. worked in a university setting. D. divided suicide into four distinctive categories. Witt - Chapter 01 #22 Witt - Chapter 01 # (p. 10) 26. (p. 12) 27. (p. 13) 28. (p. 13) Witt - Chapter 01 #24 Which of the following statements is an example of a sociological theory? A. Suicide rates are a reflection of whether people are, or are not, integrated into the group life of a society. B. John's suicide was probably the result of the stress he was feeling at work. C. Social groups must have three or more members. D. Betting on horse races increases on sunny days. Which sociologist established Europe's first university department of sociology? A. Émile Durkheim. B. Auguste Comte. C. C. Wright Mills. D. Max Weber. Witt - Chapter 01 #25 Witt - Chapter 01 #26 Which of the following is true about August Comte? A. He sought to reveal the "laws of society." B. He thought humans could learn to understand the forces that helped society to maintain order. C. He thought humans could learn to understand the forces that caused society to change. D. All of the answers are correct. Which of the following is true about Harriet Martineau? A. introduced the significance of inequality and power into the discipline of sociology. B. believed scholars should be activists and not just commentators. C. both of the answers are correct. D. neither of the answers is correct. Witt - Chapter 01 #27 Witt - Chapter 01 #28

14 29. (p. 13) 30. (p. 13) 31. (p. 13) Harriet Martineau argued that we could learn a lot about a culture by analyzing the ideas, themes, and images reflected in the culture's A. bestselling books. B. children's toys. C. television shows. D. popular songs. Witt - Chapter 01 #29 Anomie refers to a A. model that serves as a measuring rod against which actual cases can be evaluated. B. loss of direction that is felt in a society when social control of individual behavior has become ineffective. C. classification scheme containing two or more categories. D. type of suicide that is based on depression. Witt - Chapter 01 #30 In many emerging nations, the pace of social change is very rapid and there is significant hunger and starvation, unemployment, and family disruption. Individuals who live in emerging nations are likely to suffer A. dialecticism. B. anomie. C. a lack of sociological imagination. D. a lack of dramaturgy. 32. (p. 13) Durkheim was particularly concerned about A. the oppression of the masses. B. racism. C. the loss of social order. D. sexism. Witt - Chapter 01 # (p. 14) Witt - Chapter 01 #32 Karl Marx was concerned about loss of control over our creative human capacity to produce, separation from the products we make, and isolation from our fellow workers, which he called A. anomie. B. segregation. C. modernization. D. alienation. 34. (p. 14) 35. (p. 14) In Karl Marx's analysis, social inequality is determined by A. men and women who clash in pursuit of their own interests. B. ownership, or lack thereof, of key material resources. C. blacks and whites who clash in pursuit of their own racial interests. D. the religious and the non-religious who clash in pursuit of their own interests. Max Weber's theory of power included A. social status. B. organizational resources. C. displacement. D. social status and organizational resources. Witt - Chapter 01 #33 Witt - Chapter 01 #34 Witt - Chapter 01 #35

15 36. (p. 14) 37. (p. 14) Sociological studies that focus on large-scale phenomena or entire civilizations are defined as A. microsociology. B. interactionism. C. macrosociology. D. dramaturgy. Witt - Chapter 01 #36 A study of divorce rates among the populations of Canada, England, the United States, and France is an example of A. alienation. B. interactionism. C. microsociology. D. macrosociology. 38. (p. 14) stresses the study of small groups. A. Microsociology B. Macrosociology C. Middle-range sociology D. Conflict theory Witt - Chapter 01 # (p. 14) Witt - Chapter 01 #38 A sociologist studies drug-use patterns among small groups of college students in a midwestern college. This would be an example of A. conflict theory. B. functionalism. C. macrosociology. D. microsociology. 40. (p. 15) 41. (p. 15) 42. (p. 15) Erving Goffman popularized the dramaturgical approach, which A. compares everyday life to the setting of the theater. B. focuses on the study of actors as representatives of the larger society. C. emphasizes the dramatic consequences of political revolution. D. uses theater as therapy to cure anti-social tendencies. W.E.B. Du Bois investigated power and inequality based on A. gender. B. race. C. class. D. gender and race. Ida Wells-Barnett investigated power and inequality based on A. gender. B. race. C. class. D. gender and race. Witt - Chapter 01 #39 Witt - Chapter 01 #40 Witt - Chapter 01 #41 Witt - Chapter 01 #42

16 43. (p. 16) 44. (p. 16) Which of the following is true about Jane Addams? A. She rejected the idea that sociologists should be social reformers. B. She used sociology as a tool to improve the lives of the urban poor. C. She worked primarily with male sociologists. D. She sought to impose segregation in Chicago public schools. The functionalist perspective views society as A. stable and well integrated. B. characterized by tension and struggle. C. inherently unequal. D. All the answers are correct. Witt - Chapter 01 # (p ) 46. (p ) Witt - Chapter 01 #44 Which sociological perspective would suggest that if an aspect of social life does not contribute to a society's stability, then it does not serve a useful function? D. None of the answers is correct. Witt - Chapter 01 #45 A functionalist perspective would be most likely to argue that the existence of big-city political machines suggests A. that these political organizations satisfy certain basic social needs. B. the need for immigrant groups to struggle for power against entrenched interests. C. the static nature of society. D. All the answers are correct Witt - Chapter 01 #46 Which sociological perspective emphasizes the distribution of power and the allocation of resources? D. global perspective Witt - Chapter 01 #47 Critics of television often suggest that executives of major television networks and movie corporations are wealthy White males who decide which programs or movies will be produced and which directors and actors will obtain jobs in the industry. This analysis reflects the... D. global perspective. Witt - Chapter 01 #48 With which of the following conflicting groups are contemporary conflict theorists concerned? A. women and men B. cities and suburbs C. blacks and whites D. All the answers are correct. Witt - Chapter 01 #49

17 Interactionist perspective A. uses everyday forms of social interaction to explain larger patterns of society. B. views society as constantly fluid. C. views individuals as primary agents of change. D. All the answers are correct. Witt - Chapter 01 #50 Which sociological approach would argue that people respect laws or disobey them based on their own past experience? D. feminist perspective Witt - Chapter 01 #51 Which sociological perspective would argue that laws reinforce the positions of those in power? D. none of the above 53. (p ) Witt - Chapter 01 #52 Which sociological perspective would argue that public punishments reinforce the social order? D. feminist perspective 54. Witt - Chapter 01 #53 Which sociological perspective would argue that change takes place all the time and may have positive consequences? D. feminist perspective 55. (p ) Witt - Chapter 01 #54 The view that social order is maintained through cooperation and consensus would most likely be held by A. functionalists. B. conflict theorists. C. interactionists. D. global sociologists. 56. Witt - Chapter 01 #55 Which sociological perspective would suggest that social change is reflected in people's social positions and their communications with others? D. feminist perspective Witt - Chapter 01 #56

18 (p. 18) 59. (p. 19) 60. (p. 20) 61. (p. 20) 62. (p. 4) 63. (p. 4) 64. (p. 5) In general, sociologists tend to A. focus their research within one of the three major sociological perspectives. B. draw insights from all three major perspectives. C. treject the research of colleagues who emphasize a different perspective. D. wholly identify themselves as functionalist, conflict theorist, or interactionist. Personal sociology A. tends to be practiced only by academic sociologists. B. requires recognition of how our individual position in society shapes our perspective. C. requires individuals to become social activists. D. All the answers are correct. Witt - Chapter 01 #57 Witt - Chapter 01 #58 Using sociology with the specific intent of yielding practical applications for human behavior and organizations is referred to as A. pure science. B. clinical sociology. C. applied sociology. D. basic sociology. Witt - Chapter 01 #59 Which of the following statements is true? A. Clinical sociology is dedicated to facilitating change by altering organizations or restructuring social institutions. B. Applied sociology is dedicated to facilitating change by altering organizations or restructuring social institutions. C. Applied sociology has become less popular in recent decades. D. Clinical sociology has existed for only the last 20 years. Witt - Chapter 01 #60 The worldwide integration of government policies, cultures, social movements, and financial markets through trade and the exchange of ideas is known as: A. modernization. B. globalization. C. internationalism. D. None of the answers is correct. Witt - Chapter 01 #61 A sociological relationship between the individual and society is one in which the choices of the individual are determined by the individual's societal position. FALSE Witt - Chapter 01 #62 It follows logically from C. Wright Mills' description of the term sociological imagination as our ability to see the interaction between history and biography that neither society nor the individual can be understood in isolation from the other. TRUE Blooms Level: Application Witt - Chapter 01 #63 The main purpose of the "hamburger as miracle" story is to show that, when the need arises, all individuals are capable of achieving their goals without the help of others. FALSE Witt - Chapter 01 #64

19 65. (p. 8) 66. (p. 9) 67. (p. 10) 68. (p. 10) (p. 20) The observation by sociologists that the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami killed a higher proportion of men than women is an example of the importance of the consequences of difference. TRUE Blooms Level: Application Witt - Chapter 01 #65 Sociology can most accurately be considered a natural science because it involves the systematic examination of the effects of human nature on society. FALSE Witt - Chapter 01 #66 The fact that sociology researchers have found little difference between the two sexes in terms of talkativeness is an example of why the systematic analysis of facts practiced by sociologists is generally more reliable than common sense knowledge. TRUE According to Durkheim's theory about the causes of suicide, the more interconnected and interdependent a society's members, the lower its suicide rate should be. TRUE Blooms Level: Application Witt - Chapter 01 #67 Witt - Chapter 01 #68 Of the three main sociological perspectives, the dramaturgical approach, as popularized by Erving Goffman, would best be considered an example of the interactionist perspective. TRUE A sociologist who views religion as a societal institution that functions to preserve existing inequalities is most likely to be a conflict theorist in terms of perspective. TRUE Blooms Level: Application Witt - Chapter 01 #69 Blooms Level: Application Witt - Chapter 01 #70 Of the various ways to practice sociology, the way that offers the most direct link between theory and practice is clinical sociology. TRUE Witt - Chapter 01 # Explain what is meant by the phrase "the consequences of difference." Why is this concept so important to the study of sociology? Illustrate your answer with a real world example of the importance of the consequences of difference. Answers will vary. /Application Witt - Chapter 01 # Differentiate between the terms "sociology" and "sociological imagination." How useful a concept is the sociological imagination to our understanding of society, the individual, and the relationship between the two? Answers will vary. Blooms Level: Analysis/Synthesis Witt - Chapter 01 #73

20 74. To what extent can sociology legitimately be considered a "science"? In which respects does sociology provide for more meaningful analysis than common sense? Use examples to illustrate your answer. Answers will vary. Blooms Level: Evaluation/Application Witt - Chapter 01 # Briefly describe the three main sociological perspectives. To what extent are these perspectives mutually complimentary? To what extent are they mutually contradictory? Which, in your view, provides the most compelling perspective on society? Answers will vary. /Analysis/Evaluation Witt - Chapter 01 # Distinguish between the term personal, academic, applied, and clinical sociology. Are all of these approaches to sociology equally useful? Which of these is the most useful, and why? Answers will vary. /Evaluation Witt - Chapter 01 #76

21 Category # of Questions Blooms Level: Analysis/Synthesis 1 Blooms Level: Application 5 34 /Application 1 /Evaluation 1 Blooms Level: Evaluation/Application 1 32 /Analysis/Evaluation 1 Witt - Chapter Summary