Statistical Table 19: Prevalence of current hepatitis B infection (% with HbsAg) among injecting drug users in the EU (sample sizes in brackets)

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1 Belgium, French Community - Lantin / 7.7 ( ( (576 Prison, serum, tests on demand, prisoners, IDU may be too low. 6 Belgium, Flemish Community 0.0 ( ( (190.6 ( (11 Drug treatment; screening, Belgium, Flemish Community - Antwerp 6.3 (53 Drug treatment, low threshold, 8 Belgium, Flemish Community.1. (n.a. (314 Prisons, All prisoners, IDU status unknown, prevalence may be too low. 7 Belgium, French Community - Charleroi 8.4 (38 General practitioners;

2 Germany, Munich / (181 (171 (140 Inpatient treatment 4

3 Northern region / 6.3 ( (41 5 Athens.6 (409. (78.9 (650 Public health laboratories; ( ( ( (7 5.3 ( (131 Drug treatment centres, 1998 data females only. 9 Athens 4.3 ( (78 STD clinics; screening (93 Drug treatment centres, low threshold services, public health laboratories, STD clinics; 1

4 Ireland, Dublin / 1.5 ( (387 Drug treatment centre Trinity Court; first attendees ; ever-idus; 1 Ireland, Dublin 5.1 (79 Five drug treatment centres: methadone clients, laboratory reports or clinical notes; serum; may include non-idus. 6

5 Netherlands, Limburg Heerlen/ Maastricht / 5.9 ( (06 Community wide survey; screening, 6, 11 Netherlands, The Hague 3.0 (199 Community wide survey, drug treatment centres, needle exchanges, low threshold services; 9

6 / 13.5 ( (3980 Drug treatment centres, therapeutic communities; IDU status unknown prevalence may be too low; 4.6 ( (681 Drug treatment centres, detoxification units; IDU (n.a. ( (603 IDU Lisbon 17.3 ( (76 IDU Lisbon Xabregas 6.7 ( ( ( (6 1

7 Lisbon Xabregas / 3.4 (416 Drug treatment centre, detoxification unit; IDU status unknown prevalence may be too low. 18 Lisbon Xabregas 5.9 (1 Drug treatment centre. 18 Lisbon Taipas 18.8 (3 7 Lisbon Taipas.6 (307 IDU may be too low. 18 Lisbon Casal Ventoso 6.7 (5 Low threshold services in high problem area, data 1998/99; IDU status unknown prevalence may be too low, 4 North 9.16 ( (817 IDU

8 Porto / 6.3 (569 8 Central 7.8 ( (890 IDU Coimbra 5.7 (7 1.8 (6 includes data from public health laboratory and pregnant IDUs; screening Évora 9.1 (33 6 Santarém 7.5 (67 7 Sintra 0.0 (19 7

9 Lisbon and Tagus Valley / 17.3 ( (76 IDU Algarve 8.3 ( ( (1 0.0 (11 1 Alentejo 7.69 ( (36 IDU Setúbal - Almada 6.9 (404 Drug treatment centre; IDU may be too low. Data Setúbal 7.7 (36 Drug treatment centre; IDU may be too low. Data

10 Notes 1. Sample size is the number of positive plus negative tests (total valid tests. Prevalence is number positive divided by total valid tests, excluding missing values. Prevalence from sample size under 50 is not reliable.. Having health problems is one selection criterion for admission to drug treatment in some countries or cities ( Rome, due to long waiting lists or special programmes for infected IDUs, this may result in upward bias of prevalence. Prevalence from treatment data should therefore be interpreted in combination with non-treatment data. 3. Data sources with no information on injecting status were excluded as far as possible, as such prevalence can severely underestimate prevalence among injectors in the same source. Some such sources were however included if samples were large or they provided trends over time, in which case it is indicated that injecting status is unknown and prevalence among injectors may be underestimated. * See Box 6 OL: Data sources prevalence ( for details of the sources. =diagnostic testing; =specific prevalence study; SR=prevalence study based on self-reported test results.

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