Effect Of Acacıa tortılıs Gum on the Rats Liver

Transcription

1 /">sfalvi</a> via <a. Accessed at April 24 th 2017

2 Effect Of Acacıa tortılıs Gum on the Rats Liver Sana Janakat Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jordan University of Science and Technology. For the 1 st Jordanian Nutrition Conference Amman 2017

3 Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid/Northern Jordan

4 Irbid/Northern Jordan

5 Location Irbid Ajloun Jarash Zarka Amman

6 JUST Ranking

7 Outline: Introduction Acacia tortilis Classification Description Distribution Uses Gum Objectives Material and Methods Results and discussion

8 Introduction

9

10 A very potent antibacterial activity from leaves and branches extracts

11 Classification Table 1: Classification of Acacia tortilis Family Subfamily Tribe Genus Species Fabacea Mimosoideae Acaceae Acacia tortilis Martius (1829)

12 Acacia tortilis Description Wide-spreading Flat-topped or umbrella-shaped tree Up to 4 m high (Andrews, 1952) Figure 1: Acacia tortilis tree

13 Figure 2: A. tortilis leaves and thorns Acacia tortilis Description Spines mixed: some white, straight, slender, and up to 7.5 cm long others short grey with brown tips, sharply curved Leaves pinnate in three to ten pairs leaflets in 7 to 15 pairs. Flower white to cream.

14 Distribution Most Acacia species are in Australia Some in the Great rift valley and Africa Figure 3: Distribution of A. tortilis Feedipedia. Animal feed resources information system Accessed at March 8 th 2017

15 Traditional Uses of A. tortilis Antihelminthic Antidiarrhea Antiasthmatic Pulmonary diseases Skin ailments Wold coservation Union. A guide to medicinal plants in North Africa Accessed at March 11 th 2017.

16 Antibacterial Activity Bark* Stem* Branches** Leaves** Figure 4: Bark of A. tortilis *(Kubmarawa et al., 2007) **In press

17 Acacia Gum Goma Arabica Gum Arabic الصمغ العربي اللبان

18 Goma Arabica Hardened Acacia exudates (functional fiber) Anti-diabetic, Immunostimulatory Inhibition of carbohydrates digestion* Lower cholesterol Weight control Prebiotic S.B. Mishra, C.V. Rao, S.K. Ojha, M. Vijayakumar, A. Verma, International Journal Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research 1 (2010)

19 Uses of Goma Arabica Food stabilizer (E414) Reduce surface tension (Mentos/Coke eruption) Accessed at 11st Nov. 2017

20 Objectives Study the hepatoprotective effect of crude Acacia tortilis gum consumption on: Liver weight/ body weight ratio Liver function tests

21 Why Crude Goma Arabica? Aqueous extraction Methanolic extraction Petroleum ether extraction Failed and destroyed rotary evaporator s pump

22 Materials & Methods

23 Sample Preparation: Gum purchased from local markets Pulverized to powder using house hold mil Suspended in glucose syrup (50 g/100ml) Via gavage For 7 day

24 Experimental Design Male Wistar albino rats ( g) Controls Experimental -ve +ve* 10 mg/kg 50 mg/kg 100 mg/kg 7 days Acetaminophen 48 hr Slaughter Liver weight/body weight ratio * +ve control: 3g/Kg body weight of acetaminophen is given to rats 48 hours prior to slaughter

25 Liver Function Tests Liver Weigh/Body weight ratio Blood samples via heart puncture Bilirubin ALP ALT AST ALP: Alkaline phosphatse ALT: Alanine aminotransferase AST: Aspartate aminotransferase (Jendrassik and Groff 1938, Bergmeyer and Brent 1974, Reitman and Frankel 1957, and Berger and Rudolf 1963)

26 Results and Discussion

27 Figure 1: Effect of different concentrations of A. tortilis gum on bilirubin level in acetaminophen intoxicated rats.

28 Figure 2: Effect of different concentrations of A. tortilis gum on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in acetaminophen intoxicated rats.

29 Figure 3: Effect of different concentrations of A. tortilis gum on aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity in acetaminophen intoxicated rats. b b b a a

30 Figure 4: Effect of different concentrations of A. tortilis gum on alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in acetaminophen intoxicated rats. b ab ab ab a

31 Figure 5: Effect of different concentrations of A. tortilis gum on liver weight/body weight ratio (LE/BW) in acetaminophen intoxicated rats. b a a b b

32 Conclusion Acacia tortilis gum did not normalize the effect acetaminophen on all parameters Possibly because the duration of the experiment was not long enough

33 Summary: Crude Acacia tortilis gum Did not affect bilirubin level Did not affect ALP, AST and ALT activities Did not affect Liver wt/body wt ratio Probably because the short length of the experiment

34 Recommendations: Repeat the experiment using different concentrations Longer duration of ingestion

35 Selected references 1- Maslin, B.R., Miller, J.T., Seigler, D.S (2003). Overview of the generic status of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). Australian Systematic Botany 16(1): Orchard, A.E, Maslin, B.R. (2003). Proposal to conserve the name Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) with a conserved type. Taxon 52(2): Kubmarawa, D., Ajoku, G.A., Enwerem, N.M., Okorie, D.A (2007).Preliminary phytochemical and antimicrobial screening of 50 medicinal plants from Nigeria. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 6(14): Hussein, G., Miyashiro, H., Nakamura, N., Hattori, M., Kawahata,T., Otake,T., Kakiuchi, N. and Shimotohno, K (1999). Inhibitory effect of Sudanese medicinal plant extracts on HIV replication and HIV-1 protease protease Phytother Res.13(1): Bessong, P.O., Obi, C.L. (2006). Ethnopharmacology of HIV in South Africa - A mini review. African J.Biotechnol. 5(19) : Hussein, G., Miyashiro, H., Nakamura, N., Hattori, M., Kakiuchi, N. and Shimotohno, K. (2000). Inhibitory effect of Sudanese medicinal plant extracts on hepatitis C virus protease. Phytother Res. 14(7):

36 7- Manual of Acacia species. Accessed at May 14th A guide to medicinal plants in North Africa. Accessed at May 14th Stolz A, and Kaplowitz N.(1990) Biochemical Tests for Liver Disease. IN: Hepatology a Textbook of Liver Disease. Eds: Zakim D, Boyer T. Saunders Company. New York. pp: Zucker S,Qin X, Rouster, Yu F, Green R, Keshavan P, Feinbergs J and Sharman. (2001) Mechanism of indinavir-induced hyperbilirubinemia. Medical Sciences. 98(22): Janakat, S. and Al-Merie, H. (2002). Evaluation of hepatoprotective effect of Pistacia lentiscus, Phillyrea latifolia and Nicotiana glauca. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 83: Jendrassik L, Groff P. Vereinfachte photometrische zur bestimmung des Blutbilirubins. Biochem. 1938; 297: Bergmeyer H, Brent E. (1974) Colimetric assay of Retiman and Frankel. IN: Methods of Enzymetic Analysis. Ed. Bergmeyer H, Verlag Chemie Weinheim, Academic Press. Vol. (2); pp Reitman S, Frankel S. (1957) Colorimetric method for the determination of serum oxaloacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 28: Berger, L and Rudolf, G., Standard Methods of Clinical Chemistry. Vol. 5. Academic Press, New York. p. 56.

37 Irbid/Northern Jordan Questions?