Rhabdomyolysis New Mascot of First Responders?
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1 New Mascot of First Responders? RATTLESNAKE BITES AT 12 YEAR HIGH IN CALIFORNIA Angeles County Fire Chief 1
2 Angeles County Fire Chief 2
3 What is Rhabdo? Rhabdo= Striated Myo= Muscle Lysis= Breakdown Angeles County Fire Chief 3
4 Condition where injured muscles release harmful substances into the bloodstream. These substances include potassium, phosphate, creatine kinase, and myoglobin. Large amounts of these substances may damage your kidneys and other organs. Angeles County Fire Chief 4
5 What are some causes? Crush Injury Compartment Syndrome Electrical Shock Burns Snake Bites & Spider Bites Prolonged Physical Exertion Angeles County Fire Chief 5
6 Overexertion. Risk Factors Poor conditioning. Heat stress/stroke (working in extreme heat). Dehydration. Angeles County Fire Chief 6
7 Risk Factors Prescription medications such as cholesterollowering statins and antidepressants. Over-the-counter medications such as antihistamines. NSAID s. Excessive caffeine intake. Angeles County Fire Chief 7
8 What can make you more susceptible? Pre-work out supplements. Energy Drinks. Hydration Strategy. Angeles County Fire Chief 8
9 Pre-Workout Supplements Angeles County Fire Chief 9
10 Sports/Energy drink brand Caffeine (milligrams) AMP Tall Boy Energy Drink, 16 ounces (oz.) 143 Enviga, 12 oz. 100 Full Throttle, 16 oz. 144 Full Throttle Fury, 16 oz. 144 Monster Energy, 16 oz. 160 No Name (formerly known as Cocaine), 8.4 oz. 280 Red Bull, 8.3 oz. 76 Rockstar, 16 oz. 160 SoBe Adrenaline Rush, 16 oz. 152 SoBe No Fear, 16 oz. 174 Angeles County Fire Chief 10
11 E X H A U S T I O N Angeles County Fire Chief 11
12 E X H A U S T I O N Angeles County Fire Chief 12
13 SN s Sx s Angeles County Fire Chief 13
14 Discolored Urine Tea Cola Angeles County Fire Chief 14
15 EKG Progression of Hyperkalemia Mild ( meq/l) Moderate ( meq/l) Severe ( 8.0 meq/l) Angeles County Fire Chief 15
16 How is rhabdomyolysis treated? Oral hydration. IV fluids (0-9% normal saline) Evacuation to ED for evaluation. Serum CPK (Creatine Phosphokinase) Serum +K Urine ph Cardiac Monitor Angeles County Fire Chief 16
17 Physicians Handout in Wildland Fire A review of reported cases Angeles County Fire Chief 17
18 Variations of Myoglobin and CPK during Rhabdomyolisis Angeles County Fire Chief 18
19 Prevention is the key Conditioning Hydration Nutrition Listening to your body Angeles County Fire Chief 19
20 Hydration Strategy 2 - waters 1 Hydration Solution Angeles County Fire Chief 20
21 Angeles County Fire Chief 21
22 Osmolarity is important for keeping proper electrolytic balance in the blood stream. Angeles County Fire Chief 22
23 Returning to work Phase One 1. Rest for 72 hours-oral hydration 2. Sleep 8 hours each night 3. Avoid excessive heat or cold 4. Follow up within 72 hours to repeat blood and urine tests (CPK levels) Angeles County Fire Chief 23
24 Returning to work Phase Two 1.If tests normal, begin light activity, no strenous physical activity. 2.Gradually increase light activity at your own pace for one week. 3.Follow up with PMD to assess full activity, (asymptomatic and normal blood/urine values). Angeles County Fire Chief 24
25 Returning to work Phase Three 1.Gradually return to full physical activity, monitor for any return of symptoms. High risk factors for Rhybdo reoccurrence CPK levels over 100,000. Heat stroke/exhaustion. Kidney injury Longer then normal recovery times. Muscle cramps and tenderness frequency. Suffered compartment syndrome. Angeles County Fire Chief 25
26 Angeles County Fire Chief 26
27 Test Questions: 1. Rhabdomyolisis is caused by an injury to a long bone. (T) (F) 2. A sign of Rhabdo may be discolored urine. (T) (F) 3. Physical exertion can cause Rhabdo. (T) (F) 4. Energy drinks help prevent Rhabdo. (T) (F) 5. Rhabdo can cause high potassium levels. (T) (F) Angeles County Fire Chief 27
28 Test Questions: 1. Rhabdomyolisis is caused by an injury to a long bone. (T) (F) 2. A sign of Rhabdo may be discolored urine. (T) (F) 3. Physical exertion can cause Rhabdo. (T) (F) 4. Energy drinks help prevent Rhabdo. (T) (F) 5. Rhabdo can cause high potassium levels. (T) (F) Angeles County Fire Chief 28
29 Thank You! Angeles County Fire Chief 29
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