Changing patterns of adolescent risk behaviour in New Zealand

Transcription

1 Changing patterns of adolescent risk behaviour in New Zealand Terry Fleming, Terryann Clark, Sonia Lewycka, Simon Denny, Sue Crengle, Nicki Jackson & the Adolescent Health Research Group Terry (Theresa) Fleming Snr lecturer, Paediatrics & Psych Med, UOA.

2 Percent Change in Mortality Rates % 0-14 years years years years 65+ years 0% -20% -40% -60% -80% -100%

3 The Youth2000 Survey Series 1. National Secondary School Student Surveys ,699 adolescents ,107 adolescents ,500 adolescents 2. School Climate Surveys 2007 School Climate 2012/13 School Climate 3. Alternative Education Surveys adolescents adolescents 4. Teen Parent Unit Survey adolescents

4

5 Survey Content Culture and Ethnicity Home and Family School Nutrition and Activities General Health Emotional Wellbeing Gambling Substance Use Driving Sexual Health Violence Community and Friends Employment Spirituality

6 The Adolescent Health Research Group Terryann Clark (2012 PI) Maori Health, Nursing Simon Denny (2007 PI) Paediatrics Theresa (Terry) Fleming Paediatrics & Psych Medicin Pat Bullen Youth development, Educati Jemaima Tiatia-Seth Pacific Health, Mental Healt Ben Dyson Teaching, Education John Fenaughty Bullying, GLBTI, Education Matt Shepherd Maori Health, Social Work Melody Oliver Nursing Jade Le Grice Maori Health, Psychology Roshini Peiris-John Epidemiology & Biostatistics Jennifer Utter Nutrition, Epi & Biostatistics Fiona Rossen Social & Community Health Sonya Lewycka, Mathijs Lucassen, Emma Moselin To provide high quality, accurate and timely research that seeks to improve the health and wellbeing of young people in Aotearoa, New Zealand

7 Youth2000 school samples characteristics Schools 114 (86% response) 96 (84% response) 91 (73% response) Decile low med high n % n % n % Students 9,567 (73% response) 9,107 (74% response) 8,500 (68% response) Gender Male Female Ethnicity Māori Pacific Asian NZ Euro Other n 4,414 5,152 n 2, , % % 24.7% 8.2% 7.2% 55.4% 4.4% n 4,911 4,187 n 1,702 1,178 1,310 6, % % 18.7% 10.2% 12.4% 52.8% 5.8% n 3,874 4,623 n 1,701 1,201 1,051 4, >1 ethnic groups 29% 39% 42% % % 20.0% 14.1% 12.4% 47.7% 6.0%

8 Youth 12 National Health and Wellbeing Survey Trends Theresa (Terry) Fleming, on behalf of & The Adolescent Health Research Group

9 Overall Reductions Smoking Binge drinking Other drug use Risky driving Violence perpetration % of sexually active Small improvements in family, school, community environments Declines in SES Other areas depression, contraception use, obesity no change or worsen Period of change varies CAUTIONS

10 Substance use Among users, tried to cut down/quit: Cigarettes 61%; Marijuana 34%; Alcohol 13% % Cigarette use (monthly or more) Cannabis use (monthly or more) Binge drinking (within las 4 weeks)

11 Among Pacific Youth Weekly cigarette use Currently drink alcohol Binge drinking last 4 weeks Use Marijuana

12 Percent (%) Percent (%) Percent (%) Rangatahi Substance use Drank Alcohol at least Weekly Cigarette Smoking * Ever smoked Ever used Marijuana

13 Percent (%) Students Who Have Ever Smoked a Cigarette 100 Male Female

14 Percent (%) Students Who Have Ever Used Marijuana Male Female

15 Percent (%) Risky driving Driven dangerously by someone Driven by Driven a car after someone who drinking 2 or has been drinking more glasses of alcohol alcohol

16 Percent (%) Rangatahi: risky driving driven car after consumed alcohol passenger in car driven by person who has consumed alcohol passenger in car driven dangerously * Adolescent Health Research Group

17 Among Pacific youth Driven dangerously by someone Driven by someone who has been drinking alcohol Driven after drinking

18 Violence experiences Being hit or harmed on purpose Sexual abuse/coercion Witness adults hit each other at home

19 Violence Serious fight Carried weapon

20 Family Relationships Happy how family get along Parent wants to know where you are & who with

21 School Relationships Adults at school care a lot Like school or it's OK

22 Access to services 2007: 17% unable to access services they needed in previous 12 months 2012: 19% unable to access services they needed in previous 12 months Family doctor School Clinic Afterhours A&E Hospital A&E

23 % Suicide attempts & depressive symptoms Suicide attempt in last 12 mths Depressive symptoms

24 Sexual and reproductive health Ever had sex * Always uses condoms to prevent STI Always uses contraception to prevent pregnancy

25 Activity, food and body size Physical Activity 60 mins a day Eat 5 or more fruit & veg a day Overweight or obese

26 % Change total pop

27 Percentage change for Taitamariki Māori between 2001 and 2012

28 Disparities Most disparities comparing Māori to NZ European/Pākehā students show little difference BUT disparities are narrowing for: Students saying that they intend to complete secondary school (Year 13) Significant depressive symptoms Weekly or more frequent smoking Being a passenger with someone who had been drinking alcohol Being currently sexually active Witnessing violence in the home SMY were more likely to report clinically significant depressive symptoms in all three waves, and the disparities in relation to this outcome increased from 2001 (OR = 2.38) through 2007 (OR = 3.55) to 2012 (OR = 3.73)

29

30 US High School Students - CDC

31 Weekly drinking evidence from 28 countries Source: Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study De Looze et al EJPH 2015

32 Youth drink driving US CDC YRBS data

33 Violence against youth in the United States, Source: Data from De Voe et al, 2004 Pinker, 2001

34 England and Wales Quarterly conceptions to women aged under

35 Image: Flight of the Concords Why? Why? Why?

36 Error Increase in social desirability bias? Temporary blip

37 Behaviour specific Polices, legislation, specific environmental changes Mass media and social marketing campaigns

38 Youth risk taking School curricula & school climate Cascade response

39 Influences on multiple behaviours Macro economic environment and global recession 08 Wealth and income inequality

40 Family and social environments

41 Photos Pukeahu Anthology Gallery and Te Ara

42 Photos: Te Ara

43

44 I see no hope for the future of our people if they are dependent on the frivolous youth of today, for certainly all youth are reckless beyond words. When I was a boy, we were taught to be discrete and respectful of elders, but the present youth are exceedingly unwise and impatient of restraint.

45 Future directions Responding changing environment, era of IDI New collaboration and research opportunities extend ages address new questions monitor trends Integrate survey and interventions

46 Thank you for finishing the survey! Would you like to find out some options for Feeling happier Cutting down or giving up smoking Getting fitter Something else No thanks You will be able to choose another option later on

47 Thank You The Youth 12 project was funded by the Ministries of Youth Development, Social Development, Health, Education and Justice, the Department of Labour, the Families Commission and the Health Promotion Agency (HPA) Thanks to all the schools and students who participated