NIDA and Fogarty International Center Poster Presentations

Transcription

1 NIDA Iteratioal 2009 Forum Jue Reo, Nevada Commoalities amog the diseases of addictio: implicatios for treatmet ad prevetio. NIDA ad Fogarty Iteratioal Ceter Poster Presetatios Natioal Istitute o Drug Abuse Natioal Istitutes of Health U.S. Departmet of Health ad Huma Services

2 July 2008 [ Ð 2.0 millio] [ Ð ] July 2008 [9600 Ð ] [ Ð ] July 2008 Sub-Sahara Africa Middle East & North Africa South ad South-East Asia East Asia Lati America Caribbea Easter Europe & Cetral Asia Wester & Cetral Europe North America Oceaia TOTAL Adults & childre livig with HIV 22.0 millio [ millio] [ ] 4.2 millio [ millio] [ millio] 1.7 millio [ millio] [ ] 1.5 millio [ millio] [ millio] 1.2 millio [ millio] [ ] [30 36 millio] Adults & childre ewly ifected with HIV 1.9 millio [ millio] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ millio] Adult prevalece (15 49) [%] 5.0% [4.6% 5.4%] 0.3% [0.2% 0.4%] 0.3% [0.2% 0.4%] 0.1% [<0.1% 0.2%] 0.5% [0.4% 0.6%] 1.1% [1.0% 1.2%] 0.8% [0.6% 1.1%] 0.3% [0.2% 0.4%] 0.6% [0.4% 1.0%] 0.4% [0.3% 0.5%] [0.7% - 0.9%] The rages aroud the estimat es i this table defie the boudaries withi which the actual umbers lie, based o the best available iformatio. Adult & child deaths due to AIDS 1.5 millio [ millio] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] 8000 [ ] [ ] 1000 [< ] [ millio] July 2008 [9100 Ð ] [ Ð ] AIDS ReSeARcH PRogRAm (ARP) Missio Statemet Support the developmet, plaig, ad coordiatio of HIV/AIDS priority research withi NIDA s itramural ad extramural programs, as well as with other NIH Istitutes ad U.S. Departmet of Health ad Huma Services agecies, to achieve a itegrated visio ad strategy to guide HIV/AIDS research throughout NIDA. Goals ARP provides directio ad leadership for the developmet of a iovative ad multidiscipliary HIV/AIDS research portfolio that addresses the uique dimesios of drug use ad abuse as they relate to HIV/AIDS. The developmet ad implemetatio of NIDA s HIV/AIDS research program is guided by the role of drug use ad its related behaviors i the evolvig dyamics of HIV/AIDS epidemiology, atural history/pathogeesis, treatmet, ad prevetio, i coordiatio with the curret priorities ad objectives of the NIH office of AIDS Research strategic pla for HIV/AIDS research. Adults ad childre estimated to be livig with HIV, 2007 North America 1.2 millio Caribbea Total: 33 millio (30 Ð 36 millio) Iteratioal Focus Estimated umber of adults ad childre ewly ifected with HIV, 2007 North America Caribbea AIDS kows o borders; it is a iteratioal ad a U.S. public health threat. HIV/AIDS has become a pademic worldwide, more tha 25 millio people have already died. more tha 30 millio people are estimated to be livig with HIV/AIDS. While AIDS is a global pheomeo, the ature of the epidemic varies geographically, ad risk factors Total: 2.7 millio (2.2 Ð 3.2 millio) vary withi ad across populatios. NIDA supports iteratioal research to elucidate the pivotal role of drug use ad abuse i the trasmissio ad progressio of HIV/AIDS ad to evaluate prevetive itervetios, such as drug abuse treatmet. Iteratioal Fudig Priorities Developmet of ew methods for gatherig HIV epidemiological data ad trackig HIV diffusio Developmet of prevetio strategies addressig HIV ad other ijectio drug use epidemics i differet geographic areas (e.g., Russia, chia, Southeast Asia, Idia, easter ad cetral europe) Developmet of regioal research etworks Assessmet of role of immigratio ad migratio i HIV trasmissio Assessmet of drug treatmet as HIV prevetio, icludig developmet of log-actig, sustaiable therapies Developmet of prevetio strategies addressig o-ijectio drug use, such as stimulats (e.g., methamphetamie, cocaie, crack) i vulerable populatios (e.g., msm, youg wome) where prevalece of HIV ifectio is high (e.g., Lati America) Assessmet of HIV/AIDS treatmet as prevetio Assessmet of HIV ad co-ifectios (e.g., HcV, TB) Cotact Us Regioal HIV ad AIDS statistics ad features, millio 2.7 millio drugabuse.gov/about/orgaizatio/arp Lyda erioff, Ph.D. AIDS Research Program Natioal Istitute o Drug Abuse Natioal Istitutes of Health 6001 executive Boulevard, Room 5274, msc 9581 Bethesda, marylad , U.S.A. Phoe: Fax: lerioff@gmsmtp.ida.ih.gov 0.8% 2.0 millio Estimated adult ad child deaths from AIDS, 2007 North America Caribbea Total: 2.0 millio (1.8 Ð 2.3 millio) Natioal Istitute o Drug Abuse 6001 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, Marylad, , U.S.A. 1

3 Natioal Istitute o Drug Abuse 6001 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, Marylad, , U.S.A. CeNter for the ClINICAl trials Network (CtN) Missio Statemet Improve the quality of drug abuse treatmet through a uique partership amog NIDA, commuity treatmet providers, ad academic research leaders who cooperatively develop, validate, refie, ad deliver ew treatmet optios to patiets i commuity-level cliical practice. Research Objectives through the CtN, treatmet researchers ad commuity-based service providers coduct studies of behavioral, pharmacological, ad itegrated behavioral ad pharmacological treatmet itervetios i rigorous, multisite cliical trials to determie effectiveess across a broad rage of Natioal Drug Abuse Treatmet State or Territory with Commuity Treatmet Program (CTP) Curret Regioal Research ad Traiig Ceter (RRTC) Former RRTC commuity-based treatmet settigs ad diversified patiet populatios. the CtN framework esures that these research results are trasferred to providers ad patiets. Research Dissemiatio the CTN Dissemiatio Library (ctdissemiatiolibrary.org) is a digital repository of free resources that provides CtN members ad the public with a sigle poit of access to research fidigs, traiig mauals, presetatios, ad other materials. the CTN Data Share (ctdatashare.org) is a free electroic eviromet that promotes ew research ad ecourages further aalyses by distributig data from completed cliical trials to registered ivestigators. Data o this site have bee completely de-idetified to protect the privacy of idividual research participats. Users must complete a registratio agreemet prior to dowloadig ay study data.!tn Dissemia0o 2ibrar4 Abstracts & 5reseta0os Mauscripts & Videos Evets NIDA Resources Traiig Materials CTN Data Share All CTN Studies De-idetified Data CDISC & SAS CRFs & Files Data Dictioary INVEST/CTN Drug Abuse Research Fellowship No-U.s. scietists receive 1 year of postdoctoral research traiig. work with a metor affiliated with a CtN regioal research ad traiig Ceter. Coduct research i ay aspect of the CtN research ageda while preparig for loger-term collaboratio. Mai eligibility criteria iclude: A eared doctoral degree i medicie, public health, or biomedical, behavioral, or social scieces Miimum 2 years of postdoctoral research experiece Proficiecy i writte ad spoke eglish eligibility for the J-1 visa to eter the Uited states Applicatio Deadlie: september 1 lear more at iteratioal.drugabuse.gov/research/fellowships_ivestctn.html. Cotact Us drugabuse.gov/ctn Petra Jacobs, M.D., Psychopharmacology team leader Ceter for the Cliical trials Network Natioal Istitute o Drug Abuse Natioal Istitutes of Health 6001 executive Boulevard, MsC 9557 Bethesda, Marylad , U.s.A. Phoe: fax: pjacobs@ida.ih.gov 2

4 (Drug is available) (Drug is NOT available) Experimetal day (Drug is NOT available) Natioal Istitute o Drug Abuse 6001 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, Marylad, , U.S.A. DiviSio of BaSic eurosciece ad Behavioral research (DBBr) Research Focus DBBr develops ad supports huma ad aimal research that ivestigates the eurobiological ad behavioral effects of drugs of abuse; geetic vulerability to addictio; regulatio of the mechaisms of eurotrasmissio uder ormal, drug-exposed, ad drug-withdraw coditios; multidiscipliary aalyses at the levels of the sigle cell, protei, or circuit; chemistry ad physiological systems affected by drugs of abuse; ad the complex iterrelatioship betwee drug abuse ad hiv/aids progressio ad trasmissio. DBBr also supports research traiig Research Priorities Models of addictio Drug-iduced euroadaptatio ad europathology i brai systems Pai ad aalgesia cogitive processes vulerability to drug abuse Developmetal effects europsychopharmacology of drugs of abuse Lever presses A Reistatemet Model: the effect of stress o relapse to drug seekig Self-admiistratio traiig Extictio TESTING Stress exposure X X for biomedical ad behavioral ivestigators. Geetic basis of vulerability to drug addictio euroimmue relatioships, icludig studies of hiv ad Missio Statemet Support basic research o the causes ad cosequeces of drug abuse ad addictio, thus providig the scietific aids related to eural or ifectivity processes iovative chemical desig of ew etities ad probes Developmet of iovative aalytical methods foudatio for the developmet ad ehacemet of prevetio efforts ad treatmet approaches to drug abuse ad addictio. The goal of KoMP (the Kock out Mouse Project) is to kock out 8,000 gees i c57bl/6 es cells. This is part of a iteratioal effort to kock out every gee i the mouse geome. The es cells carryig the kock out are used to create mutat mice lackig that particular gee. acu te coca ie adm i istra ti o (30 mg/kg, i. p.) revea ls p las tic ity i ded ritic sp ies a fter w ithd rawal f rom da ily coca i e. She, h.-w. et a l. J. eu ro sc i ; 29: Orgaizatio The divisio has four compoets: Behavioral ad cogitive Sciece research Brach chemistry ad Physiological Systems research Brach fuctioal eurosciece research Brach Geetics ad Molecular eurobiology research Brach Cotact Us drugabuse.gov/about/orgaizatio/dbnbr David Shurtleff, Ph.D., Director Divisio of Basic eurosciece ad Behavioral research atioal istitute o Drug abuse atioal istitutes of health 6001 executive Boulevard, room 4273, MSc 9555 Bethesda, Marylad 20892, u.s.a. DBBr admiisters the ida Drug Supply Program, which provides researchers with Phoe: chemicals ad research probes that are either uavailable, difficult to obtai, or fax: expesive. The program also aalyzes researchers experimetal samples. dshurtle@ida.ih.gov 3

5 fmr I Brai activatios durig ihibitory cotrol task (Go No-Go). (a) No-drug-users exhibit greater activatio i the cigulate regio (yellow ad cross hair) compared to adolescets who use both methamphetamie ad caabis (b) But adolescet users who use both methamphetamie ad caabis have icreased parietal activatio (yellow ad arrow) a) b) fmri brai activatios durig a motor sequecig task usig right (domiat) had. (a) Greater activatio for Cotrols > Methamphetamie i Cerebellum (b) Greater Activatio for Cotrols > Methamphetamie + Caabis i Striatum fmri brai activatios durig ihibitory cotrol task (Go No-Go) i the 3 study groups Yellow = icreased brai activity vs. cotrol task Blue = decreased brai activity vs. cotrol task (a) No drug usig cotrol group (b) Methamphetamie + Caabis usig group (c) Methamphetamie aloe usig group a) b) fmri brai activatios durig a motor sequecig task usig right (domiat) had. (a) Greater activatio for Methamphetamie > Cotrols i Parietal Cortex (b) Greater activatio for Methamphetamie > Methamphetamie + Caabis i Parietal Cortex Natioal Istitute o Drug Abuse 6001 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, Marylad, , U.S.A. Divisio of CliiCal eurosciece ad Behavioral research (DCBr) Missio Statemet Provide a traslatioal approach to drug abuse withi a cliical research cotext to advace our uderstadig of the brai, behavior, ad health. Goals DCBr coceptualizes drug abuse as a huma developmetal eurobiological disorder ad promotes high-caliber research to idetify the key developmetal, geetic, social, ad brai mechaisms associated with drug abuse, ad to traslate resultat fidigs ito therapeutic itervetios that decrease the extet ad burde of drug abuse. DCBr actively fosters collaboratio ad traslatio across its three braches: Behavioral ad Brai Developmet Brach (BBDB) Cliical eurosciece Brach (CB) Behavioral ad itegrative Treatmet Brach (BiTB) Iteratioal Research Projects BBDB supports research o preatal exposure to drugs of abuse i Caada, ew Zealad, eglad, ad south Korea. The brach also supports research o hiv/aids ad materal drug ad alcohol use i south africa. CB supports research o cogitive dysfuctio i Bulgaria ad russia ad brai imagig traiig for researchers from Chia, south Korea, irelad, ad south africa. BiTB supports research o itegrated behavioral ad pharmacological treatmet i ukraie; primary care drug screeig i the Czech Effects of Methamphetamie ad Caabis i Adolescets i South Africa o Brai Activity: Effects of Methamphetamie ad Caabis i Group Comparisos Adolescets i South Africa: Idividual Groups Effects of Methamphetamie ad Caabis i Effects of Methamphetamie ad Caabis i Adolescets i South Africa o Brai Activity Adolescets i South Africa: a fmri study Ca r ey P., su li ma s., fer re tt h., Bu re tt M ichae l, s ilve r i M., G r uber s., o ls o D., Yu rge lu - Todd D., B ra i Chages w ith Caab is ad Me thamphe tam ie i ado le sce ts, subm itted. suppo rted by r21da for co llabo ra tio be twee Mclea ho sp ita l, Mas sachuse tts (D. Yu rge lu - Todd, P. i.) ad u ive rsity of ste l lebosch, sou t h a frica (P. Ca r ey, P.i.). republic; treatmet provider traiig i south africa; adaptatio of cogitive-behavioral therapy i Triidad ad Tobago; the commuity reiforcemet approach plus vouchers i spai; ad bupreorphie maiteace treatmet i Malaysia. Iteratioal Fudig Priorities health ad developmet of drug- ad hiv/aids-exposed childre ad youth Traiig for o-u.s. ivestigators i state-of-the-art methods i cliical ad cogitive eurosciece research targetig uique populatios or expertise ot available i the uited states to advace uderstadig of the cliical eurosciece ad behavior of drug addictio research usig uique techologies, populatios, or expertise ot available i the uited states to develop ad/or test behavioral ad/or hiv risk reductio itervetios studies focused o improvig adherece to hiv treatmet amog differet cultures or populatios studies to dissemiate behavioral itervetios iteratioally via distace learig, ew techologies, or other methodological paradigms Cotact Us drugabuse.gov/about/orgaizatio/dcnbr Joseph frascella, Ph.D., Director Divisio of Cliical eurosciece ad Behavioral research (DCBr) atioal istitute o Drug abuse atioal istitutes of health 6001 executive Boulevard, suite 3155 Bethesda, Marylad , u.s.a. Phoe: fax: jfrascel@ida.ih.gov 4

6 Natioal Istitute o Drug Abuse 6001 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, Marylad, , U.S.A. DiviSio of EPiDEmiology, SERvicES ad PREvEtio RESEaRch (DESPR) Major Research Themes theories What ew theoretical approaches ca iform our research? iteractios What itrapersoal ad evirometal factors iteract with each other ad with geetic factors across developmet? Bledig how ca we bled sciece ad services to measurably affect public health outcomes? Iteratioal Fudig Priorities Uderstad the etiology ad epidemiology of drug abuse ad co-occurrig behavioral, psychiatric, social, ad medical problems. improve the quality of care through research o fiacig, techology, ad workforce. Develop ad maximize use of high-quality prevetive itervetios i real-world settigs through research o idividual factors, evirometal strategies, commuity-based participatio, ad the relatioship of drug abuse prevetio to hiv prevetio. Develop ad improve the quality ad reach of prevetio ad treatmet services for drug abuse. Missio Statemet Promote epidemiology, services, ad prevetio research to uderstad ad address the rage of problems related to drug abuse to improve public health. DESPR s visio is to support extraordiary public health research to ed drug abuse. Epidemiology Research Brach Cost effectiveess study examiig the use of adult male circumcisio (MC) as a itervetio to reduce the spread of HIV i sub Sahara Africa Adult MC is likely to be a cost effective HIV prevetio strategy across a wide rage of epidemic settigs. This simple medical itervetio geerates large et savigs after adjustmet for averted HIV costs. Circumcisio is Cost Effective for HIV Prevetio Epidemic settig RCT settig (South Africa): HIV prevalece 25%, icidece 3.8% HIV prevalece 8.4%, icidece 1% HIV prevalece 25.6%, icidece 1% (decreased risk behaviors) Cost per HIV ifectio Net savigs, 1000 MCs averted $ 181 $2.4 millio $ 551 $753,000 $1,200 $264,000 Kah et al (2006) Cost effectiveess of male circumcisio for HIV prevetio i a South Africa settig. PLoS Med 3(12), pp. e517 Services Research Brach "terve(o to reduce high risk se3 prac(ces amog South Africa wome Pilot, radomized trial of Cape Tow Wome s Health Co op Brief Behavioral Itervetio Lowers High Risk Behaviors i South Africa Wome "terve(o lowered may high risk behaviors i both Black ad * Colored South Africa wome * p <.05 Wechsberg et al (2008) Alcohol, Caabis, ad Methamphetamie Use ad Other Risk Behaviours Amog Black ad Coloured South Africa Wome: A Small Radomized Trial i the Wester Cape. It J Drug Policy, 19 (2), pp * Prevetio Research Brach Iterve(o to reduce cross border spread of HIV i Vietam & Chia Peer educator outreach & lar/e scale distribu(o of sterile iiec(o ejuipmet. 7erial cross sec(oal surveys :ith HIV tes(/ coducted at baselie ad 6, 12, 18, 24 ad 36 moths post baselie. HIV prevalece ad es(mated icidece fell by about 50% at 24 moths, ad by approximately 75% at 36 moths o both sides of the border (all P < 0.01). Successfully Reducig HIV at the Border of Chia ad Vietam Des Jarlis, et al (2007) Reducig HIV Ifectio amog ew ijectig drug users i the Chia Vietam Cross Border Project, AIDS 21 (supplemet 8);S109 S114 Iteratioal Focus DESPR supports a variety of drug abuse research projects aroud the world. the divisio s iteratioal research portfolio icludes studies i Russia, lithuaia, Ukraie, hugary, Bulgaria, orway, chia, idia, vietam, thailad, Burma, laos, tazaia, South africa, Ugada, malawi, argetia, Brazil, chile, icaragua, costa Rica, Peru, caada, ad alog the U.S.-mexico border. i additio, through ida s atioal hispaic Sciece etwork, DESPR is facilitatig the establishmet of a lati america epidemiology etwork o drug abuse. DESPR also collaborates with the fogarty iteratioal ceter to reach promisig iteratioal scietists. Cotact Us drugabuse.gov/about/orgaizatio/despr Elizabeth lambert, m.sc. atioal istitute o Drug abuse atioal istitutes of health 6001 Executive Boulevard, Suite 5185 Bethesda, marylad , U.S.a. Phoe: fax: elambert@ida.ih.gov 5

7 Natioal Istitute o Drug Abuse 6001 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, Marylad, , U.S.A. DIVIsIo of PHarmacotHeraPIes ad medical cosequeces of DrUg abuse (DPmcDa) Missio Statemet Use sciece as a vehicle for improvig the maagemet of drug addictio ad its medical cosequeces, icludig HIV, with a emphasis o the idetificatio, evaluatio, ad developmet of ew pharmacological ad immuological treatmet agets. Goals DPmcDa is a cogressioally madated medicatios developmet program tasked with everythig from sythesizig ad screeig potetial drug etities to submittig applicatios to the U.s. food ad Drug admiistratio (fda) for its approval of pharmacotherapies that are safe ad effective treatmets for drug addictio. the divisio supports research through grats, cotracts, ad iteragecy agreemets for precliical ivestigatios, Phase I cliical pharmacology studies, ad Phase II ad Phase III multiceter The Impact Of Addictio Ca Be Far Reachig cliical trials. DPmcDa also supports HIV/aIDs research o the medical cosequeces of Hepatitis b ad c cardiovascular disease drugs of abuse ad co-occurrig viral ad stroke cacer bacterial ifectios. lug disease metal disorders Caabis ad Opioids caabis addictio, particularly amog adolescets, is a public health priority. recet research fidigs facilitatig the developmet of medicatios iclude: a edogeous caabioid system with specific receptors ad ligads reliable precliical models to study the rewardig ad addictioproducig effects of thc ew chemical etities or ew uses of marketed medicatios IDa has obtaied fda approval for three medicatios to treat opioid addictio: laam, bupreorphie, ad bupreorphie/aloxoe. DPmcDa hopes to add more pharmacotherapies ad evaluate marketed medicatios for use i special populatios such as childre, adolescets, ad pregat wome. Cocaie ad Methamphetamie DPmcDa has supported the cliical evaluatio of more tha 68 pharmacotherapies to treat cocaie depedece, ad cocaie remais the divisio s priority. methamphetamie addictio is a public health priority ad is secod oly to cocaie i DPmcDa fudig. fda has ot yet approved a medicatio to treat either disorder, ad DPmcDa is researchig compouds that iteract with these targets: Cotact Us D1 receptor agoists gaba-mimetics D3 receptor agoists ad atagoists glutamate modulators crf-1 atagoists cb-1 atagoists drugabuse.gov/about/orgaizatio/dpmcda Iva D. motoya, m.d., m.p.h., actig Deputy Director Divisio of Pharmacotherapies ad medical cosequeces of Drug abuse atioal Istitute o Drug abuse atioal Istitutes of Health 6001 executive boulevard bethesda, marylad 20892, U.s.a. Phoe: fax: imotoya@mail.ih.gov Divisio staff locator: drugabuse.gov/about/ orgaizatio/dpmcda/locator.html orexi receptor atagoists Vmat-2 ihibitors (methamphetamie) muscariic m5 agoists ad atagoists 6

8 INTERNATIONAL CENTER NatIoNal INStItUteS of HealtH JoHN e. fogarty INterNatIoNal CeNter for advanced StUDy IN the HealtH SCIeNCeS Missio Statemet Dedicated to advacig the missio of the Natioal Istitutes of Health (NIH) by supportig ad facilitatig global health research coducted by U.S. ad iteratioal ivestigators, buildig parterships betwee health research istitutios i the Uited States ad abroad, ad traiig the ext geeratio of scietists to address global health eeds. Goals fogarty serves as a bridge betwee NIH ad the greater global health commuity facilitatig exchages amog ivestigators, providig traiig opportuities, ad uderwritig promisig research iitiatives i low- ad middle-icome coutries. fogarty s Strategic Pla: adopted five goals: address the growig epidemic of chroic, ocommuicable diseases. Bridge the implemetatio research traiig gap. Develop huma capital i the developig world. foster a sustaiable research eviromet i low- ad middle-icome coutries. Build strategic alliaces ad fudig parterships. Traiig Researchers Aroud the World the fogarty Divisio of Iteratioal traiig ad research admiisters research grats, traiig grats, ad fellowship programs at sites i more tha 100 coutries. fogarty programs that build the research pipelie are achored to peer-reviewed research grats ad desiged to be collaborative, log term, ad flexible. Nearly oe quarter of fogarty awards are made directly to robust research istitutios i the developig world. the remaiig grats support scietists at U.S. istitutios who collaborate with colleagues abroad. about oe-third of fogarty s grats focus o scietific discovery, ad two-thirds support research traiig. Fogarty NIDA Grats NIDa participates i the followig fogarty programs: Research Grats global Health research Iitiative Program (grip) Behavioral/Social Scieces r01: Par ; ad Basic/Biomedical Scieces r01: Par Brai Disorders i the Developig World (BraIN) r01: Par ; ad r21: Par fogarty Iteratioal research Collaboratio award (firca) Behavioral/Social Scieces (firca-bss) r03: Par ; ad Basic/Biomedical (firca-bb) r03: Par Collaborative HIv/aIDS Studies i the Middle east ad North africa r21: Par Research Traiig Grats aids Iteratioal traiig ad research Program (aitrp) awards Par Iteratioal Cliical, operatioal, ad Health Services research traiig award for aids ad tb (ICoHrta aids/tb) Par Cotact Us Ke Bridbord, M.D., M.P.H., Director Divisio of Iteratioal traiig ad research fogarty Iteratioal Ceter Natioal Istitutes of Health 31 Ceter Drive, MSC 2220 Bethesda, Marylad 20892, U.S.a. Phoe: fax: bridbork@mail.ih.gov Copyright: Curt Caremark/World Bak Natioal Istitute o Drug Abuse 6001 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, Marylad, , U.S.A. 7

9 NIDA INTerNATIoNAl ProgrAm Missio Statemet Address the global impact of addictio o public health by: Takig advatage of uique opportuities to advace scietific kowledge through research. Buildig research capacity iteratioally. Sharig NIDA-supported research fidigs with scietists, treatmet providers, ad policymakers. Support Research NIDA s scietific priority areas iclude likages betwee HIV/AIDS ad drug abuse, adolescet ad preatal tobacco exposure, methamphetamie, ihalats, ad drugged drivig. Iteratioal ivestigators propose research projects by applyig for direct foreig grats or domestic grats with a foreig compoet ad by respodig to Program Aoucemets (PAs) ad requests for Applicatios (rfas). letters of Itet for the ew rfa, Iteratioal research Collaboratios o HIV/AIDS ad Drug Use (r01: rfa-da ) are due october 18, The Iteratioal research Collaboratio o Drug Abuse ad Addictio research PAs use three mechaisms to support awards of differet amouts: r01: PA , r21: PA , r03: PA Build Research Capacity NIDA Iteratioal Program fellowships provide research traiig ad professioal developmet opportuities for scietists at every stage of their careers: INVeST Drug Abuse research Fellowships Postdoctoral traiig with a NIDA-fuded scietist INVeST/Cliical Trials Network (CTN) Drug Abuse research Fellowships Postdoctoral traiig with a NIDA CTN scietist NIDA Hubert H. Humphrey Drug Abuse research Fellowships Academic study ad research experiece for mid-career professioals from low- ad middle-icome coutries DISCA/USDISCA Distiguished Iteratioal Scietist Collaboratio Awards for seior scietists ad their research parters Fid NIDA fellowship alumi with the Iteratioal Program Fellowship map ad lik from idividual fellows to their joural articles idexed i Pubmed at iteratioal.drugabuse. gov/research/fellowships_worldwide_map.html. Share Resources Olie The NIDA Iteratioal Program Web resources offer robust commuicatios, research collaboratio, ad traiig tools, while cetralizig access to resources such as databases ad fudig sources. Collaboratio ad traiig tools iclude: NIDA Iteratioal Virtual Collaboratory ivc.perpich.com Iteratioal Drug, Alcohol, ad Tobacco (IDAT) research Commuity methadoe maiteace research Web guide iteratioal.drugabuse.gov/methadoe Iteratioal Programme i Addictio Studies master s Degree adelaide.edu.au/addictio Drug Abuse research Traiig modules drugabuseresearchtraiig.org Publishig Addictio research Iteratioally, developed by the Iteratioal Society of Addictio Joural editors Cotact Us iteratioal.drugabuse.gov Steve W. gust, Ph.D., Director Iteratioal Program Natioal Istitute o Drug Abuse Natioal Istitutes of Health 6001 executive Boulevard, room 5274 Bethesda, marylad 20892, U.S.A. Phoe: Fax: ip@ida.ih.gov Natioal Istitute o Drug Abuse 6001 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, Marylad, , U.S.A. 8

10 ItRamuRal ReseaRch PRogRam (IRP) Iteratioal Iterests Promote iteratioal collaborative research that facilitates the elucidatio of brai mechaisms uderlyig drug addictio ad relapse, chroic pai, ad the developmet of ew treatmet modalities. IRP also provides pre- ad postdoctoral traiig for foreig ivestigators ad collaborative research experiece for seior foreig ivestigators i state-ofthe-art techiques at the molecular, eurobiological, precliical, ad cliical levels. IRP braches seek the followig from iteratioal parters: Behavioral Neurosciece Research Brach highly potet ad selective receptor agoists, partial agoists, ad atagoists for receptor subtypes thought to affect addictive processes ew approaches to assess iteractios betwee eurotrasmitter-euromodulator systems, receptors, ad heteromeric receptor complexes ew caabioid compouds that selectively modulate the actios of edogeous caabioid systems, with potetial beeficial effects for the treatmet of psychiatric disorders or drug depedece Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Brach Well-characterized samples from drug-depedet idividuals ad matched-cotrol idividuals Chemical Biology Research Brach collaboratios o i vivo or i vitro studies of ovel opioids, crh receptor atagoists, ad agoists or atagoists that are ivolved i drug abuse Cliical Pharmacology ad Therapeutics Research Brach collaborators able to traslate questioaires ito their ative laguage ad admiister them to samples of drug users of various ages from a variety of locatios Reports of experieces with withdrawal ad copig techiques cotrolled drug admiistratio studies i humas I utero drug exposure of licit pharmacotherapies ad illicit drugs Biological moitorig i treatmet studies studies of drivig uder the ifluece, workplace drug testig, ad ati-dopig alterative routes of caabioid agoist delivery caabioid atagoist admiistratio studies Cellular Neurobiology Research Brach tissue lipid profilig geeratio of trasgeic mice sigma-1 receptor fuctio I vitro cellular models for testig drug effects Differetiated huma euros from embryoic stem cells sigle cell electrophysiology usig slice ad i vitro preparatios Medicatios Discovery Research Brach selective receptor agoists, partial agoists, ad atagoists with affiity for targets ivolved i drug abuse collaborative opportuities to use these ovel tools i models of drug abuse that will cotribute to the uderstadig of the molecular basis of cocaie addictio ad provide ew strategies for drug desig Molecular Neurobiology Research Brach Well-characterized samples from substace-depedet idividuals who are successful versus usuccessful i quittig Well-characterized substace-depedet ad matched-cotrol idividuals Well-characterized samples from idividuals with idividual differeces i regioal brai volumes ad/or activatio patters ad memoic systems collaboratios i characterizig kockout mice with related pheotypes Neuroimagig Research Brach Develop ad apply ovel cogitive task probes to better uderstad the eurobiology of huma drug abuse collaboratio o ovel mri ad fmri pulse sequece developmets ad data aalysis strategies applicatio of precliical aimal models to ovel systems-level imagig ivestigatios of drug depedece ew mr-cotrast agets to reveal cellular ad molecular iformatio about the brai Cotact Us drugabuse.gov/dir Barry J. hoffer, m.d., Ph.D., Director Itramural Research Program atioal Istitute o Drug abuse Biomedical Research ceter 251 Bayview Boulevard Baltimore, marylad 21224, u.s.a. Phoe: Fax: bhoffer@itra.ida.ih.gov Natioal Istitute o Drug Abuse 6001 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, Marylad, , U.S.A. 9

11 Natioal Istitute o Drug Abuse 6001 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, Marylad, , U.S.A. SPeCIAl PoPulAtIoNS office (SPo) Missio Statemet Coordiate NIDA s health disparities research, cocetratig especially o areas where there are sigificat gaps i kowledge or clear disparities i prevetio ad treatmet. Promote research o drug abuse i miority populatios ad the participatio of uderrepreseted scietists i drug abuse research. Programs SPo coducts limited iteratioal activities, workig primarily through the followig efforts: Research Supplemets to Promote Diversity i Health-Related Research ( Diversity Supplemets ) Special Populatios Research Developmet Semiar Series Grat writig ad developmet assistace Diversity-Promotig Istitutios Drug Abuse Research Program Itramural Research Program Miority Recruitmet ad traiig Program Summer Research with NIDA Historically Black Colleges ad uiversities Iitiative Health Disparities Committee Africa America Iitiative Committee Researchers ad scholars expert work groups Natioal Hispaic Sciece Network (NHSN) SPo helped lauch NHSN ad serves as the primary NIDA liaiso to the group, which is dedicated to improvig the health of Hispaics by icreasig the amout ad quality of iterdiscipliary traslatioal research o drug abuse ad fosterig the developmet of Hispaic scietists i drug abuse research. the Iteratioal Research Collaboratio Subcommittee works to iclude iteratioal scietists, studets, ad perspectives i NHSN cofereces ad the Summer Research traiig Istitute for studets ad ew ivestigators. the Iteratioal Subcommittee participates i ReDlA (ReD latio Americaa de Ivestigadores e Drogas), whose missio is to advace drug epidemiology ad other research while addressig specific eeds i lati America. Lati America Iitiative SPo works closely with the Iteratioal Program to assist NIDA to help idetify other federal parters workig i lati America ad to coordiate activities betwee NHSN ad the lati America Iitiative. through the iitiative, NIDA works to stimulate the creatio of regioal etworks to ehace surveillace ad research coducted i lati America coutries. to build research capacity i the regio, traiig programs focus o secodary data aalysis ad cliical trials maagemet. Cotact Us drugabuse.gov/about/orgaizatio/spo/spohome.html lula Beatty, Ph.D., Director Special Populatios office Natioal Istitute o Drug Abuse Natioal Istitutes of Health 6001 executive Boulevard Room 4216, MSC 9567 Bethesda, Marylad , u.s.a. Phoe: fax: lbeatty@ida.ih.gov 10

12 Wome ad Sex/Geder differeces research ProGram History i the past, public health research subjects were almost exclusively male, ad as a result, little data were available o wome. for well over a decade, however, ida has bee actively promotig drug abuse research focusig ot oly o the study of wome, but also o sex/geder differeces, as this approach permits idetificatio of outcomes that vary by sex/geder. all of ida s programmatic braches ow support research o wome ad sex/geder differeces. Research Iterests male-female differeces likely exist i may aspects of drug abuse that are yet to be idetified. future research will improve our uderstadig of the mechaisms ad etiology of drug abuse ad addictio ad how to tailor prevetio ad treatmet itervetios that maximize outcomes for both males ad females. To ecourage this research, ida ad the atioal istitute o alcohol abuse ad alcoholism have issued three Program aoucemets callig for grat applicatios o Wome ad Sex/Geder differeces i drug ad alcohol abuse/ depedece. access these aoucemets by Googlig Pa , Pa , or Pa Missio Statemet Promote the coduct ad dissemiatio of research o wome s health ad sex/geder differeces i all areas of drug abuse research. Goals icorporatig sex/geder-based research perspectives ad methodologies ca iform ad advace the sciece of drug abuse research. Growig umbers of studies are reportig research outcomes that are specific to either males or females ad, i some cases, these outcomes are opposite i males ad females. from basic studies of molecular geetics ad eurotrasmitters to studies of etiology, epidemiology, ad prevetio/treatmet itervetios, the scietific ad cliical importace of studyig factors specific to wome ad aalyzig data Pet ScaS Reveal DiffeReceS i MetaBOlic activity Red idicates brai areas where metabolic activity was higher i wome tha i me durig the Cotiuous Performace Test ad Bushma Competitio ad Retaliatio Task. Exposure to icotie greatly reduced the size of these areas, suggestig the drug s ability to eutralize geder differeces i task-drive brai activity. cotiuous Performace task Smokers, Smokers, o icotie icotie patch Bushma competitio ad Retaliatio task Cotact Us drugabuse.gov/whgd Samia dawud oursi, Ph.d., deputy coordiator Wome ad Sex/Geder differeces research Program atioal istitute o drug abuse atioal istitutes of health 6001 executive Boulevard, room 4235, msc 9555 Bethesda, marylad , U.S.a. Phoe: fax: soursi@mail.ih.gov separately for males ad females is becomig more ad more evidet. Nosmokers, Nosmokers, o icotie icotie patch reprited from Iteratioal Joural of Neuropsychopharmacology, Vol 8(1): , fallo, Jh, et al: Geder a major determiat of brai respose to icotie, 2005 reprited with the permissio of cambridge Uiversity Press. Natioal Istitute o Drug Abuse 6001 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, Marylad, , U.S.A. 11