Duplexing and Scheduling for 5G Systems

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1 1 Duplexing and Scheduling for 5G Systems Ganesh Venkatraman, Praneeth Laddu, Antti Tölli {gvenkatr, pladdu, Centre for Wireless Communications (CWC), Department of Communications Engineering (DCE), University of Oulu, Oulu, FI-90014

2 2 1 Introduction 2 Scheduler Design Challenges & Requirements 3 Scheduling for Bidirectional Training DL-DL Scenario DL-UL Scenario 4 Conclusions

3 3 Introduction Resource allocation in 5G systems - highly complex - assignment over space, frequency and time dimensions - dynamic TDD Scheduling algorithm - determines a subset of users for each scheduling block (SB) Scheduling objective - should be supported by precoder design

4 4 4G Issues and 5G Solutions Shortcomings of 4G Systems Physical layer latency - 1ms (subframe duration) Synchronous TDD - cannot adapt to differential loads in each BS Coordinated multipoint transmission - requires huge backhaul capacity Enhancements for 5G Systems Subframe duration - reduced to 0.1ms DL and UL controls are embedded in each subframe Dynamic TDD - can adapt to instantaneous loads in the network Bidirectional training (BiT) through over-the-air (OTA) to reduce the load on backhaul network

5 5 Challenges for Scheduler Design Number of users - significantly large More spatial degrees of freedom - MU-MIMO transmission QoS requirements (includes latency and reliability) Synchronizing transmissions over multiple BSs (CoMP) Interference from neighboring BSs (or users) - Dynamic TDD Best-Effort - PF scheduling (queues and delays can be considered) Real time requirements ms periodicity

6 6 Scheduler Design Requirements Channel knowledge - UL sounding reference signals UE position in the cell (can be used for uplink scheduling) QoS and delay requirements for UEs Interference from neighboring BSs (or users) - Dynamic TDD Objective of scheduler algorithm and precoder design - should be same Open Issues Minimum scheduling resolution to be supported - 1RB (includes? tones) Maximum scheduling resolution (coherence bandwidth 3MHz?)

7 7 Bidirectional Training Figure: Bidirectional Training Model Beamformer signaling F B F B Data Frame n 1 Frame n + 1 Frame n BiT is performed by OTA transmissions - minimize backhaul signaling Each TDD subframe includes - beamformer training followed by data transmission BiT backward-forward signaling - facilitate fast iterative beamformer exchanges Each BS and user terminal uses orthogonal precoded pilot signals for training

8 Guard Period DL Control Symbol Guard Period UL Control Symbol 8 Scheduling for Bidirectional Training 5G frame structure - includes both DL and UL control in each subframe BiT based precoders are designed over multiple subframes - before actual data transmission Orthogonal precoded pilots - achieved using sub-carriers in control symbols Scheduling for synchronous and dynamic TDD modes are addressed Figure: 5G frame structure (0.1 msec) Uplink or Downlink Data Symbols

9 9 System Model for DL-DL Mode Q 1 Q 2 Q 3 Q 4 Q 5 Q 6 U 4 DL Transmission U 3 DL Transmission U 1 U 5 U 2 Desired signal U 6 Interference signal

10 10 Scheduler Design for DL-DL Mode (Frame - 1) BS 1 DL SCH (U 1) Control for user set U x regarding BS 2 UL SCH (U 7) Control for user set U y regarding

11 11 Scheduler Design for DL-DL Mode (Frame - 2) Precoded pilot signals from BS - 1 from UEs in BS - 1 BS 1 DL SCH (U 1) UL SCH (U 2) Control for user set U x regarding from UEs in BS - 2 Precoded pilot signals from BS - 2 BS 2 UL SCH (U 7) DL SCH (U 8) Control for user set U y regarding

12 12 Scheduler Design for DL-DL Mode (Frame - 3) Precoded pilot signals from BS - 1 from UEs in BS - 1 BS 1 DL SCH (U 1) UL SCH (U 2) UL SCH (U 3) DL SCH (U 4) UL SCH (U 5) Control for user set U x regarding from UEs in BS - 2 Precoded pilot signals from BS - 2 BS 2 UL SCH (U 7) DL SCH (U 8) UL SCH (U 9) UL SCH (U 8) UL SCH (U 7) Control for user set U y regarding

13 13 Scheduler Design for DL-DL Mode Precoded pilot signals from BS - 1 from UEs in BS - 1 BS 1 DL SCH (U 1) UL SCH (U 2) UL SCH (U 3) DL SCH (U 4) UL SCH (U 5) DL SCH (U x) Control for user set U x regarding from UEs in BS - 2 MCS and other control for UEs regarding data transmission DL transmission synchronized across BSs Precoded pilot signals from BS - 2 BS 2 UL SCH (U 7) DL SCH (U 8) UL SCH (U 9) UL SCH (U 8) UL SCH (U 7) DL SCH (U y) Control for user set U y regarding MCS and other control for UEs regarding data transmission

14 14 System Model for DL-UL Mode Q 4 Q 1 Q 2 Q 3 U 4 Q 5 DL Transmission UL Transmission U 3 U 5 Desired signal DL Interference signal UL Interference signal Q 6 U 1 U 2 U 6

15 15 Scheduler Design for DL-UL Mode (Frame - 1) BS 1 DL SCH (U 1) Control for user set U x regarding BS 2 from UEs in BS - 2 UL SCH (U 7) Control for user set U y regarding

16 16 Scheduler Design for DL-UL Mode (Frame - 2) BS 1 Precoded pilot signals from BS - 1 DL SCH (U 1) UL SCH (U 2) Control for user set U x regarding BS 2 from UEs in BS - 2 UL SCH (U 7) DL SCH (U 8) Control for user set U y regarding

17 17 Scheduler Design for DL-UL Mode (Frame - 3) BS 1 Precoded pilot signals from BS - 1 from UEs in BS - 1 DL SCH (U 1) UL SCH (U 2) UL SCH (U 3) Control for user set U x regarding from UEs in BS - 2 Precoded pilot signals from BS - 2 BS 2 UL SCH (U 7) DL SCH (U 8) UL SCH (U 9) Control for user set U y regarding

18 18 Scheduler Design for DL-UL Mode (Frame - 4) BS 1 Precoded pilot signals from BS - 1 from UEs in BS - 1 DL SCH (U 1) UL SCH (U 2) UL SCH (U 3) DL SCH (U 4) UL SCH (U 5) Control for user set U x regarding from UEs in BS - 2 Precoded pilot signals from BS - 2 BS 2 UL SCH (U 7) DL SCH (U 8) UL SCH (U 9) UL SCH (U 8) UL SCH (U 7) Control for user set U y regarding

19 19 Scheduler Design for DL-UL Mode BS 1 Precoded pilot signals from BS - 1 from UEs in BS - 1 DL SCH (U 1) UL SCH (U 2) UL SCH (U 3) DL SCH (U 4) UL SCH (U 5) DL SCH (U x) Control for user set U x regarding MCS and other control for UEs regarding data transmission DL/UL transmission synchronized across BSs from UEs in BS - 2 Precoded pilot signals from BS - 2 BS 2 UL SCH (U 7) DL SCH (U 8) UL SCH (U 9) UL SCH (U 8) UL SCH (U 7) UL SCH (U y) Control for user set U y regarding MCS and other control for UEs regarding data transmission

20 20 Conclusions Scheduler algorithm - precoder design - objective should be same BiT is used for designing precoders to minimize the backhaul load SPS can be used to reduce control overhead after precoder training Allocating orthogonal resources in DL and UL control symbols - challenging task

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