WSC 2018 SCIENCE. Science of Memory
|
|
- Karen Hall
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 WSC 2018 SCIENCE Science of Memory
2 Schema 101 A schema describes a pattern of thought or behavior that organizes categories of information and the relationships among them. It can also be described as a mental structure of preconceived ideas, a framework representing some aspect of the world, or a system of perceiving new information. People are more likely to notice things that fit into their schema, while re-interpreting contradictions to the schema as exceptions or distorting them to fit. Schemata have a tendency to remain unchanged, even in the face of contradictory information. Schemata can help in understanding a rapidly changing world environment as people can organize new perceptions into schemata quickly most situations do not require complex thought when using schema, since automatic thought is all that is required. The concept was popularized in psychology and education through the work of the British psychologist Frederic Bartlett, who drew on the term body schema (muscle memory) used by neurologist Henry Head. It was expanded into schema theory by educational psychologist Richard C. Anderson. Since then, other terms have been used to describe schema such as "frame", "scene" and "script". People use schemata to organize current knowledge and provide a framework for future understanding. Examples of schemata include academic rubrics (mark schemes), stereotypes, social roles, scripts, worldviews, and archetypes. In Piaget's theory of development, children construct a series of schemata, based on the interactions they experience, to help them understand the world.
3 Jean Piaget A Schema is a structured cluster of concepts, it can be used to represent objects, scenarios or sequences of events. The original idea was proposed by philosopher Immanuel Kant as innate structures used to help us perceive the world. A schema (pl. schemata) is the mental framework that is created as children interact with their physical and social environments. For example, many 3-year-olds insist that the sun is alive because it comes up in the morning and goes down at night. These children are operating based on a simple cognitive schema that things that move are alive. Moreover, younger and older children perceive and respond to the same objects and events in very different ways because cognitive structures take different forms at different ages. According to Piaget, children use the process of assimilation and accommodation to create a schema for how they perceive and interpret what they are experiencing. 3 kind of intellectual structures: 1. Behavioral schemata: organized patterns of behavior that are used to represent and respond to objects and experiences. 2. Symbolic schemata: internal mental symbols (such as images or verbal codes) that one uses to represent aspects of experience. 3. Operational schemata: internal mental activity that one performs on objects of thought
4 Jean Piaget Jean Piaget was the Swiss psychologist known for his pioneering work in child development. Piaget s theory of cognitive development and epistemological view are together called genetic epistemology (the study of genesis of knowledge. Schemata are: 1. Critically important building block of conceptual development 2. Constantly in the process of being modified or changed 3. Modified by on-going experiences 4. A generalized idea, usually based on experience or prior knowledge. Physical microstructure of schemata In his Biology and Knowledge, Piaget tentatively hinted at possible physical embodiments for his abstract schema entities. At the time, there was much talk and research about RNA as such an agent of learning, and Piaget considered some of the evidence. However, he did not offer any firm conclusions, and confessed that this was beyond his area of expertise.
5 Frederic Bartlett Through his long association with University of Cambridge, Bartlett strongly influenced British psychological method, emphasizing descriptive case study approach over statistical techniques. In 1922 he became director of the Cambridge Psychological Laboratory and in 1931 was appointed the university s first professor of experimental psychology. Bartlett was elected to the Royal Society in 1932 and was knighted in In his major work, Remembering: A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology (1932), Bartlett advanced the concept that memories of past events and experiences are actually mental reconstructions that are colored by cultural attitudes and personal habits, rather than being direct recollections of observations made at the time (cultural psychology). In experiments beginning in 1914, Bartlett showed that very little of an event is actually perceived at the time of its occurrence but that in reconstructing the memory, gaps in observation or perception are filled in with the aid of previous experiences. A later work, Thinking: An Experimental and Social Study (1958), added observations on the social character of human thinking: he recognized various thinking processes that humans use, relating back to the methods he exercised in Remembering (1932) such as story recollection. Experiments on completion were done, where participants were shown open ended stories and told to finish them realistically. What he found was that completion appears even unconsciously, and sheds light on how schemas, as a way of organizing past experiences, lead one towards constructive and predictive processes.
6 Frederic Bartlett In Psychology and Primitive Culture, he explores in particular what happens when groups come into contact with each other and what factors condition the exchange and adoption of culture between the groups. The book is also noteworthy in its argument against the primitive mind (human mindset which ignores contradictions by manipulating the world that does not differentiate between the supernatural and reality; opposite of modern mind which is reflection and logic).
7 War of Ghosts The War of the Ghosts experiment from Remembering (1932) was Bartlett's most famous study and demonstrated the constructive nature of memory, and how it can be influenced by the subject s own schema. A memory is constructive when a person gives their opinion about what had happened in the memory, along with additional influences such as their experiences, knowledge, and expectations. In the experiment, Bartlett assigned his Edwardian English participants to read the Canadian Indian Folklore titled War of the Ghosts. Participants were told to remember the story at extended intervals numerous times. Bartlett found that at longer intervals between reading the story and remembering it, participants were less accurate and forgot much of the information from the story. Most importantly, where the elements of the story failed to fit into the schemata of the listener, these elements were omitted from the recollection, or transformed into more familiar forms. Each participant's report of the story mirrored his or her own culture, Edwardian English culture in this case. An example of this can be demonstrated by some of these participants remembering canoes from the story as boats.
8 War of Ghosts The original concept of schemata is linked with that of reconstructive memory as proposed and demonstrated in a series of experiments by Bartlett. By presenting participants with information that was unfamiliar to their cultural backgrounds and expectations and then monitoring how they recalled these different items of information, Bartlett was able to establish that individuals existing schemata and stereotypes influence not only how they interpret schema-foreign new information but also how they recall the information over time. One of his most famous investigations involved asking participants to read a Native American folk tale, The War of the Ghosts, and recall it several times up to a year later. All the participants transformed the details of the story in such a way that it reflected their cultural norms and expectations, i.e. in line with their schemata. The factors that influenced their recall were: 1. Omission of information that was considered irrelevant to a participant; 2. Transformation of some of the details, or of the order in which events were recalled; a shift of focus and emphasis in terms of what was considered the most important aspects of the tale; 3. Rationalization: details and aspects of the tale that would not make sense would be padded out and explained in an attempt to render them comprehensible to the individual in question; 4. Cultural shifts: the content and the style of the story were altered in order to appear more coherent and appropriate in terms of the cultural background of the participant. Bartlett's work was crucially important in demonstrating that long-term memories are not fixed nor immutable but are constantly being adjusted as schemata evolve with experience. In a sense it supports the existentialist view that people construct the past and present in a constant process of narrative adjustment, and that much of what people remember is actually confabulated (adjusted and rationalized) narrative that allows them to think of the past as a continuous and coherent string of events, even though it is probable that large sections of memory (both episodic and semantic) are irretrievable at any given time.
9 Weapons Effect The weapons effect is a phenomenon which refers to the mere presence of a weapon or a picture of a weapon leading to more aggressive behavior in humans, particularly if these humans are already aroused. This should not be confused with the weapon focus (link: theory developed by Elizabeth Palmer that eyewitness testimony is hampered by memory impairment when weapons are present at crime scene). This effect was first described by Leonard Berkowitz and Anthony LePage in 1967 in their paper on an experiment conducted by them at the University of Wisconsin. The researchers tested their hypothesis that stimuli commonly associated with aggression (like weapons) can elicit more aggressive responses from people ready to act aggressively. Subsequent studies have been less successful at replicating the weapons effect, and alternative explanations have been proposed. For example, more recent research has proposed that there are more factors that influence aggression in a situation containing a weapon, such as an individual s familiarity with the weapons present. As work with the weapons effect progressed, researchers also demonstrated the weapons priming effect. This variation refers to even weapon-related words leading to more aggressive behavior in humans. Link: priming
What is schema theory?
Schema Theory What is schema theory? The term schema was first used by Jean Piaget in 1926. (but there have been many with similar ideas before him) Explains how people develop ideas from simple ideas
More informationEyewitness Testimony. Student s Name. Institution of Learning
Running head: EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY 1 Eyewitness Testimony Student s Name Institution of Learning EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY 2 In a legal proceeding, evidence serves as a critical component of reaching a decision.
More informationChapter 7: Cognitive Aspects of Personality. Copyright Allyn & Bacon (2009)
Chapter 7: Cognitive Aspects of Personality Roots in Gestalt Psychology Human beings seek meaning in their environments We organize the sensations we receive into meaningful perceptions Complex stimuli
More informationCOGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT AP PSYCHOLOGY
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT AP PSYCHOLOGY WHY? Psychologists are interested in how thinking and intellectual abilities grow, change, and decline across the lifespan. They examine differences in learning, problem
More informationSchema / Script Memory schema schema History Schematic processing
Schema / Script Memory The following text borrows extensively from Wikipedia, which offers a readable synopsis of schema. In psychology and cognitive science, a schema (plural schemata or schemas) describes
More informationBartlett C. (1932). Remembering A Study In
Bartlett C. (1932). Remembering A Study In Experimental And Social Psychology. Cambridge Space and Society 2: 77 81. Google Scholar. Bartlett FC. (1932) Remembering: A Study in Experimental and Social
More informationThe power of cognitive interviewing
TNS Qualitative Qualitative 360 - Istanbul, February 19-20, 2014 The power of cognitive interviewing and what qualitative research can learn from Behavioural Economics Richard Gehling, Senior Director
More informationinternal information search consumer behavior external information search consumer decision-making process nonmarketing-controlled information source
consumer behavior internal information search consumer decision-making process external information search need recognition nonmarketing-controlled information source stimulus marketing-controlled information
More informationChapter 7. Mental Representation
Chapter 7 Mental Representation Mental Representation Mental representation is a systematic correspondence between some element of a target domain and some element of a modeling (or representation) domain.
More informationWhat Effect Do Schemas Have On The Recall Of
What Effect Do Schemas Have On The Recall Of Memories AIM:Bartlett aimed to investigate the effect of culture on memory. memory ability/ability to recall and have advantageous effects if asked to do a
More informationTHE ROLE OF TIME DELAY IN MEMORY CONFORMITY
S H O R T R E P O R T S ROCZNIKI PSYCHOLOGICZNE 2016, XIX, 1, 149-157 ENGLISH VERSION DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/rpsych.2016.19.1-5en ALEKSANDRA KROGULSKA 1 AGNIESZKA NIEDŹWIEŃSKA Jagiellonian University
More informationsychology actsheets Reliability of memory - revisited for exams Number 167 PMT Schemas and memory
P sychology F actsheets www.curriculum-press.co.uk Number 167 Reliability of memory - revisited for exams This factsheet explores reliability of memory, from looking at how memories are formed and stored
More informationTopic Page: Self-awareness
Topic Page: Self-awareness Definition: self-awareness from Collins English Dictionary n 1 the quality of being conscious of one's own feelings, character, etc Summary Article: The Self and Consiousness
More informationRunning Head: NARRATIVE COHERENCE AND FIDELITY 1
Running Head: NARRATIVE COHERENCE AND FIDELITY 1 Coherence and Fidelity in Fisher s Narrative Paradigm Amy Kuhlman Wheaton College 13 November 2013 NARRATIVE COHERENCE AND FIDELITY 2 Abstract This paper
More informationThe Cognitive Approach
WJEC Psychology A-level The Cognitive Approach Notes Part 1 An Introduction to The Cognitive Approach A01 Introduction and Assumptions: Assumes that the scientific and objective study of internal mental
More informationCHAPTER 2: PERCEPTION, SELF, AND COMMUNICATION
Communication Age Connecting and Engaging 2nd Edition Edwards Solutions Manual Full Download: https://testbanklive.com/download/communication-age-connecting-and-engaging-2nd-edition-edwards-solu THE COMMUNICATION
More informationPart VI Essentials and Unifying Trends in Brain Body Mind
Part VI Essentials and Unifying Trends in Brain Body Mind Prelude to Part VI Part VI aims to summarize and draw conclusions from the important impact of various chapters of the book. Further, after surveying
More informationLecture 6. Perceptual and Motor Schemas
CS564 - Brain Theory and Artificial Intelligence Lecture 6. Perceptual and Motor Reading Assignments: TMB2:* Sections 2.1, 2.2, 5.1 and 5.2. HBTNN: Schema Theory (Arbib) [Also required] Distributed Artificial
More informationInvoluntary and Voluntary Memory Sequencing Phenomena
5 Involuntary and Voluntary Memory Sequencing Phenomena An Interesting Puzzle for the Study of Autobiographical Memory Organization and Retrieval Jennifer Talarico and John H. Mace Introduction One of
More informationPlot. What is the story s central conflict? Who is the protagonist? What does he or she want? What is at stake for the protagonist in the conflict?
Plot What is the story s central conflict? Who is the protagonist? What does he or she want? What is at stake for the protagonist in the conflict? At the end, are the characters successful or unsuccessful,
More informationDeveloping Resilience. Hugh Russell.
Developing Resilience Hugh Russell Email: hugh@thinking.ie www.thinking.ie Objectives By the end of the workshop you will be able to - define resilience and explain it's link with emotional intelligence
More informationThe term stereotype comes from the Greek, where the stereós means solid, hard, and typos. Stereotype
1.4.2 Stereotypes Stereotypes The term stereotype comes from the Greek, where the stereós means solid, hard, and typos - a pattern, imprint. Initially this term was used to define a copy of the original
More informationSocial Psychology. Course Syllabus
Course Syllabus (3 Credits) Lecturers: Dr. ZHANG Zhongyuan zhangzhongyuan@zju.edu.cn Dr. LV Jiaying Jiaying_lu@zju.edu.cn Dr. ZHOU Xinhong zxhzheda@zju.edu.cn Office Hours: Friday, 1330-1700, 805-01 central
More informationEstimated Distribution of Items for the Exams
Estimated Distribution of Items for the Exams The current plan is that there are 5 exams with 50 multiple choice items that will cover two chapters. Each chapter is planned to have 25 multiple choice items.
More information3. Read the study by Grant. Underline psychology key words and add them to your glossary. 4. Make detailed notes on the study
Getting ready to study Psychology: 1. Read the study by Loftus and Palmer. Underline psychology key words and look up what they mean. Get yourself a small exercise book and start to make a glossary. 2.
More informationMethodological Behaviorists. Cognitive-Behavioral Theories REBT. Albert Ellis. The A-B-C Theory of Personality. The Process of Self-Defeat
Methodological Behaviorists Cognitive-Behavioral Theories Chapter 16 Assume that all learning arises through classical and instrumental conditioning Unlike strict behaviorists, thoughts are phenomena that
More informationBell work: What are some advances in mental representation with children who are in the preoperational stage? What are some limitations of thought?
Bell work: What are some advances in mental representation with children who are in the preoperational stage? What are some limitations of thought? Preoperational Stage: - Thoughts aren t logical yet.
More informationDimensions of Health and Illness: Toward an Integrated Model
I Dimensions of Health and Illness: Toward an Integrated Model Introduction The six chapters in this section emphasize the need to incorporate new dimensions into the prevailing definitions of illness
More informationChapter 2 THEORIES OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT
Chapter 2 THEORIES OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES INTERACTION. OFFER INSIGHT INTO WHY WE BEHAVE THE WAY WE DO AND HOW WE LEARN TO ACT IN NEW WAYS. A THEORY PROVIDES A FRAMEWORK OF GENERAL
More information"The way in which the world is imagined determines at any particular moment what men will do." Walter Lippmann, Public Opinion, 1921
Framing an Issue and WHY we need to "The way in which the world is imagined determines at any particular moment what men will do." Walter Lippmann, Public Opinion, 1921 Advocates need to keep 3 important
More informationCategorization and Memory: Representation of Category Information Increases Memory Intrusions
Categorization and Memory: Representation of Category Information Increases Memory Intrusions Anna V. Fisher (fisher.449@osu.edu) Department of Psychology & Center for Cognitive Science Ohio State University
More informationINTERVIEWS II: THEORIES AND TECHNIQUES 1. THE HUMANISTIC FRAMEWORK FOR INTERVIEWER SKILLS
INTERVIEWS II: THEORIES AND TECHNIQUES 1. THE HUMANISTIC FRAMEWORK FOR INTERVIEWER SKILLS 1.1. Foundation of the Humanistic Framework Research interviews have been portrayed in a variety of different ways,
More informationPsychological Experience of Attitudinal Ambivalence as a Function of Manipulated Source of Conflict and Individual Difference in Self-Construal
Seoul Journal of Business Volume 11, Number 1 (June 2005) Psychological Experience of Attitudinal Ambivalence as a Function of Manipulated Source of Conflict and Individual Difference in Self-Construal
More informationEmotional Intelligence and NLP for better project people Lysa
Emotional Intelligence and NLP for better project people Lysa Morrison @lysam8 Copyright 2015 Lysa Morrison Reasons projects fail Three of the most common causes of project failure according to the National
More informationSperling conducted experiments on An experiment was conducted by Sperling in the field of visual sensory memory.
Levels of category Basic Level Category: Subordinate Category: Superordinate Category: Stages of development of Piaget 1. Sensorimotor stage 0-2 2. Preoperational stage 2-7 3. Concrete operational stage
More informationINTERVIEWS II: THEORIES AND TECHNIQUES 5. CLINICAL APPROACH TO INTERVIEWING PART 1
INTERVIEWS II: THEORIES AND TECHNIQUES 5. CLINICAL APPROACH TO INTERVIEWING PART 1 5.1 Clinical Interviews: Background Information The clinical interview is a technique pioneered by Jean Piaget, in 1975,
More informationA Simulation of the Activation- Selection Model of Meaning. Gorfein, D.S. & Brown, V.R.
A Simulation of the Activation- Selection Model of Meaning Gorfein, D.S. & Brown, V.R. Abstract The activation-selection model of determining the meaning of an ambiguous word or phrase (Gorfein, 2001)
More informationMidterm Practice Examination Answer Key. Answer Key
G r a d e 1 2 P s y c h o l o g y Midterm Practice Examination Answer Key Name: Student Number: Attending q Non-Attending q Phone Number: Address: For Marker s Use Only Date: Final Mark /100 = % Comments:
More informationLeading Words and Estimation
12 Leading Words and Estimation Beyza Özen beyza_ozen@hotmail.com İmran Ünlü unlu.imran@gmail.com Zehra Betül Türel betul.turel65@gmail.com Hazel Varlı hazelvarli@hotmail.com Abstract This study has examined
More informationMEMORY. Announcements. Practice Question 2. Practice Question 1 10/3/2012. Next Quiz available Oct 11
Announcements Next Quiz available Oct 11 Due Oct 16 MEMORY Practice Question 1 Practice Question 2 What type of operant conditioning is Stewie using to get attention from his mom? A rercer that acquires
More informationChapter 3: Perception and the Self in IPC 01/24/2012
Chapter 3: Perception and the Self in IPC 01/24/2012 Section 1: The Self in Interpersonal Communication Self Concept Your self concept develops from at least four sources: Others Images: Cooley s concept
More informationThis is a repository copy of Ruling Minds: Psychology in the British Empire, by Erik Linstrum.
This is a repository copy of Ruling Minds: Psychology in the British Empire, by Erik Linstrum. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/114098/ Version: Accepted Version
More information2014 Philosophy. National 5. Finalised Marking Instructions
National Qualifications 2014 2014 Philosophy National 5 Finalised Marking Instructions Scottish Qualifications Authority 2014 The information in this publication may be reproduced to support SQA qualifications
More information2
1 2 3 4 5 Tenants based in psychoanalysis that we are often unaware of whatdrives our behaviors, don t know what motives etcare. The problem, however, is that this information is hidden even from the individual.
More informationPsychology of visual perception C O M M U N I C A T I O N D E S I G N, A N I M A T E D I M A G E 2014/2015
Psychology of visual perception C O M M U N I C A T I O N D E S I G N, A N I M A T E D I M A G E 2014/2015 EXTENDED SUMMARY Lesson #4: Oct. 13 th 2014 Lecture plan: GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY Nature and fundamental
More informationMemory 2/15/2017. The Three Systems Model of Memory. Process by which one encodes, stores, and retrieves information
Chapter 6: Memory Memory Process by which one encodes, stores, and retrieves information The Three Systems Model of Memory Each system differs in terms of span and duration 1 The Three Systems Model of
More informationIntroduction to Research Methods
Introduction to Research Methods Updated August 08, 2016 1 The Three Types of Psychology Research Psychology research can usually be classified as one of three major types: 1. Causal Research When most
More informationReality and the brain Learning as Leadership
Reality and the brain Dr. Maxie C. Maultsby, Jr., MD Founder of Rational Behavior Therapy and Rational Self-Counseling! Emeritus Professor College of Medicine, Howard University! Distinguished Life Fellow
More information24. PSYCHOLOGY (Code No. 037)
24. PSYCHOLOGY (Code No. 037) Psychology is introduced as an elective subject at the higher secondary stage of school education. As a discipline, psychology specializes in the study of experiences, behaviours,
More informationThe Enduring Contributions of A. R. Luria to World Psychology
The Enduring Contributions of A. R. Luria to World Psychology Fifth International Luria Memorial Conference Ekaterinburg, Russia, October 13, 2017 Michael Cole University of California, San Diego What
More informationThinking Like a Researcher
3-1 Thinking Like a Researcher 3-3 Learning Objectives Understand... The terminology used by professional researchers employing scientific thinking. What you need to formulate a solid research hypothesis.
More information1.1 FEATURES OF THOUGHT
SEC 1 Page 1 of 7 1.1 FEATURES OF THOUGHT Thought can refer to the ideas or arrangements of ideas that result from thinking, the act of producing thoughts, or the process of producing thoughts. Despite
More informationMyers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010
Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010 *AP is a trademark registered and/or owned by the College Board, which
More informationIntro and History. robby edwardsen
1 robby edwardsen Cognitive Psychology Introduction and History 2 SIMPLE QUESTIONS 4 + 9 = Do without a calculator or paper use your mind. You have 1000, add 40, add 1000, add 30 again 1000 add 20, add
More informationKnowing Pt. 2: Schemata & Categorization
Knowing Pt. 2: Schemata & Categorization Example Need paper & writing instrument! Follow along as I read the following paragraph Recall after reading The procedure is actually quite simple. First you arrange
More informationAssignment 1: What is Kinesiology? Chapter 1
Assignment 1: What is Kinesiology? Chapter 1 Quiz: How Much Do You Know About Kinesiology? 1. The meaning of kinesiology was best defined in 1990 by the: A) American Academy of Physical Education B) American
More informationPSYCHOLOGICAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND PHENOMENAL CONSCIOUSNESS. Overview
Lecture 28-29 PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND PHENOMENAL CONSCIOUSNESS Overview David J. Chalmers in his famous book The Conscious Mind 1 tries to establish that the problem of consciousness as the hard
More informationRunning head: FALSE MEMORY AND EYEWITNESS TESTIMONIAL Gomez 1
Running head: FALSE MEMORY AND EYEWITNESS TESTIMONIAL Gomez 1 The Link Between False Memory and Eyewitness Testimonial Marianna L. Gomez El Paso Community College Carrie A. Van Houdt FALSE MEMORY AND EYEWITNESS
More informationBehaviorism: Laws of the Observable
Behaviorism: Laws of the Observable Figure out what behaviors they find rewarding, and then reward them with those behaviors Behaviorism versus Behavioral Research According to Wilfred Sellars: a person
More information2015 NADTA Conference Pre-Education Committee Book Club Everyday Bias, Howard J. Ross, Suggested Group Discussion Questions
2015 NADTA Conference Pre-Education Committee Book Club Everyday Bias, Howard J. Ross, Suggested Group Discussion Questions 1. After reading this book, which research examples stand out the most in your
More informationPsychology's History and Approaches
Psychology's History and Approaches Empiricism: the view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should rely on observation and experimentation. Structuralism: an early school of psychology
More informationTHE POTENTIAL FOR QUALITATIVE METHODS TO ENHANCE HEALTH SERVICES AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH: WHY, WHEN AND HOW?
THE POTENTIAL FOR QUALITATIVE METHODS TO ENHANCE HEALTH SERVICES AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH: WHY, WHEN AND HOW? Katherine Clegg Smith, PhD Professor Director, Center for Qualitative Studies in Health and Medicine
More information8/17/2012. What Is Social Psychology? What Is Social Psychology? Chapter 1. Introducing Social Psychology
Chapter 1 Introducing Social Psychology Slides prepared by JoNell Strough, Ph.D. & Philip Lemaster, M.A. West Virginia University What Is Social Psychology? At the heart of social psychology is social
More informationMemory. 7.2 How Are Memories Maintained over Time? Sensory memory is brief Working Memory Is Active Long-Term Memory Is Relatively Permanent
LP 7A encoding 1 Memory 7.1 What Is Memory? Memory Is the Nervous System s Capacity to Retain and Retrieve Skills and Knowledge Memory Is the Processing of Information Memory Is the Result of Brain Activity
More informationINTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY SUMMARY 1 ABDULLAH ALZIBDEH Introduction In this lecture, we discuss the definitions of psychology and behavior. We also discuss the approaches in psychology and the scientific
More informationExam Review Day One. Please sign in up front!
Exam Review Day One Please sign in up front! Today... We will be covering: Thinking and Problem Solving, Motivation, Emotion, and Intelligence. Thinking and Problem Solving Thinking and Problem Solving
More informationThe Forensic Witness Role and the Effects of Misinformation and
The Forensic Witness Role and the Effects of Misinformation and Suggestion. Daragh Howard ID 10078361 Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the Higher Diploma in Psychology at Dublin Business
More informationSociology 3308: Sociology of Emotions. Prof. J.S. Kenney. Overheads Class 27: The Dramaturgical Approach
Sociology 3308: Sociology of Emotions Prof. J.S. Kenney Overheads Class 27: The Dramaturgical Approach The Dramaturgical Approach * Today we will explore the dramaturgical approach to emotion by examining
More informationReasons and Emotions that Guide Stakeholder s Decisions and Have an Impact on Corporate Reputation
Book Summaries Strategy Documents L16/2015 Reasons and Decisions and Why is it easier to trust certain companies and people rather than others? How can trust be built through our beliefs? How are emotions
More informationChapter 1 A Cultural Approach to Child Development
Child Development A Cultural Approach Chapter 1 A Cultural Approach to Child Development Learning Objectives (1 of 4) 1.4 Apply information about human evolution to how child development takes place today.
More informationMommy Wars Redux: A False Conflict
Mommy Wars Redux: A False Conflict The mommy wars have flared up once again, sparked most recently by the publication of the English translation of Elisabeth Badinter s book, The Conflict: How Modern Motherhood
More informationAdvanced Clinical Reasoning
Advanced Clinical Reasoning Jennifer Gilbertson Molly Malloy Sept 26 th H103 Objectives Discuss the relationship between clinical reasoning and evidence based practice Identify and compare clinical reasoning
More informationIntroducing Psychology $
Introducing Psychology $ INFLUENTIAL FIGURES IN THE HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY The formal study of Psychology dates from the late 1880s. The first proper Psychologists were Wilhelm Wundt, William James and
More informationU. T. Place, Is consciousness a brain process?
24.09x Minds and Machines U. T. Place, Is consciousness a brain process? Excerpts from U.T. Place, Is consciousness a brain process?, British Journal of Psychology 47: 44-50, 1956. Place begins by noting
More informationCognition, Learning and Social Change Conference Summary A structured summary of the proceedings of the first conference
Cognition, Learning and Social Change Conference Summary A structured summary of the proceedings of the first conference The purpose of this series of three conferences is to build a bridge between cognitive
More informationInterpersonal Biofeedback Training with Couples
Couples Biofeedback Training using Alive Prepared by Somatic Vision, Inc., makers of Alive, May 2014 Pioneer Alive Pioneer enables couples to train together with both partners being measured simultaneously
More informationWhat Does Illumination Mean
What Does Illumination Mean Counselling psychology came at a time when government agencies were voicing their agitation at the rising tide of profound family distress and economic destitution. The hardships
More informationB.A. II Psychology - Paper A. Form Perception. Dr. Neelam Rathee. Department of Psychology G.C.G.-11, Chandigarh
B.A. II Psychology - Paper A Form Perception Dr. Neelam Rathee Department of Psychology G.C.G.-11, Chandigarh Form Perception What it is? How do we recognize an object? (form perception) 2 Perception of
More informationM P---- Ph.D. Clinical Psychologist / Neuropsychologist
M------- P---- Ph.D. Clinical Psychologist / Neuropsychologist NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATION Name: Date of Birth: Date of Evaluation: 05-28-2015 Tests Administered: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Fourth
More information24. PSYCHOLOGY (Code No. 037)
24. PSYCHOLOGY (Code No. 037) Psychology is introduced as an elective subject at the higher secondary stage of school education. As a discipline, psychology specializes in the study of experiences, behaviours,
More informationInformation is taken in by the senses (input) then encoded in the brain where it is processed; this processing is followed by an output.
Define information processing Information is taken in by the senses (input) then encoded in the brain where it is processed; this processing is followed by an output. Define memory Memory is the encoding,
More informationa new field of marketing research that studies consumers' sensorimotor, cognitive, and affective response to marketing stimuli.
is a new field of marketing research that studies consumers' sensorimotor, cognitive, and affective response to marketing stimuli. Researchers use technologies such as functional magnetic resonance imaging
More informationPS3021, PS3022, PS4040
School of Psychology Important Degree Information: B.Sc./M.A. Honours The general requirements are 480 credits over a period of normally 4 years (and not more than 5 years) or part-time equivalent; the
More informationQUESTIONNAIRE, PART B
APPLICATION FOR THE DELEGATION OF FIRST CONTACT QUESTIONNAIRE, PART B by Kathrin Köhler Answer the following questions in any language(s), formats, or paradigmatic expressions with which you are comfortable.
More informationValue Differences Between Scientists and Practitioners: A Survey of SIOP Members
Value Differences Between Scientists and Practitioners: A Survey of SIOP Members Margaret E. Brooks, Eyal Grauer, Erin E. Thornbury, and Scott Highhouse Bowling Green State University The scientist-practitioner
More informationBandura s Social Learning & Cognitive Learning Theory
Bandura s Social Learning & Cognitive Learning Theory Theories of Developmental Psychology By: Razieh Tadayon Nabavi 2011-2012 1 Albert Bandura He was born December 4, 1925 in a small town in northern
More informationThe one thing to note about Bazerman is that he brings deep and broad
The Power of Noticing: What the Best Leaders See Max H. Bazerman Simon & Schuster 2014 240 pp $20.39 (Amazon) Hardcover ISBN 13: 978 1476700298 Rating: Three Stars The one thing to note about Bazerman
More informationSUPPORTING COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN HEART CHILDREN
SUPPORTING COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN HEART CHILDREN PARENTING YOUR HEART CHILD CONFERENCE NOVEMBER 3, 2018 DR. NNEKA ALEXANDER PEDIATRIC PSYCHOLOGIST NNEKA.ALEXANDER@CHOA.ORG OUTLINE Risk factors for cognitive
More informationMemory. Information Processing Approach
Memory Information Processing Approach 5 Steps in Information ato Processing 1 Sensory Transduction Data first enters sensory register lasts 1 2secs C O N S O L I D A T I O N 5 Steps in Information ato
More informationA BRIEF HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY
A BRIEF HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY MAIN IDEA AND OBJECTIVES Main Idea: Psychology involves sets of questions, theories, methods, and possible answers that have been passed on and changed from generation to
More informationWhy Human-Centered Design Matters
Reading Review: Article Why Human-Centered Design Matters -Dave Thomsen, Wanderful Media HUMAN CENTERED DESIGN a human-centered approach fuels the creation of products that resonate more deeply with an
More informationMarilyn Zurmuehlen Working Papers in Art Education
Marilyn Zurmuehlen Working Papers in Art Education ISSN: 2326-7070 (Print) ISSN: 2326-7062 (Online) Volume 8 Issue 1 (1990) Combined issue 8 & 9 (1989-1990) pps. 121-127 A Presentation of the Methodology
More informationRAW Mental Toughness. Mental Skills for Combat Effectiveness. Rangers Lead The Way
RAW Mental Toughness Mental Skills for Combat Effectiveness RAW Pillars Functional Fitness Strength Endurance Movement skill Performance Nutrition Nutrient needs Ideal body composition Supplements Sports
More informationCATALYSTS DRIVING SUCCESSFUL DECISIONS IN LIFE SCIENCES QUALITATIVE RESEARCH THROUGH A BEHAVIORAL ECONOMIC LENS
CATALYSTS DRIVING SUCCESSFUL DECISIONS IN LIFE SCIENCES QUALITATIVE RESEARCH THROUGH A BEHAVIORAL ECONOMIC LENS JEANETTE HODGSON & SARAH SMITH DECEMBER 2017 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH THROUGH A BEHAVIORAL ECONOMIC
More informationErving Goffman: Self, interactionism, dramaturgy & frame analysis
Erving Goffman: Self, interactionism, dramaturgy & frame analysis Visual Ethnography Linda C.H. LAI SELF Dualistic view of self: Socialized self Unsocialized self Impression management SOCIAL SELF Vs UNSOCIAL
More informationComplacency. Some people have their head in the sand and ignore what is happening around them, what s changed, what NEW hazards are there
Some people have their head in the sand and ignore what is happening around them, what s changed, what NEW hazards are there Webster s Definition Contented or self-satisfied to a fault. We should comfort
More informationTHE COGNITIVE NEUROPSY CHOLOGY OF FALSE MEMORIES: INTRODUCTION
COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, 1999, 16 (3/4/5), 193 195 THE COGNITIVE NEUROPSY CHOLOGY OF FALSE MEMORIES: INTRODUCTION This special issue of Cognitive Neuropsychology is devoted to one of the most intensively
More informationMemory in Everyday Life. Lesson 5
Memory in Everyday Life Lesson 5 I. Eyewitness testimony and the malleability [influence] of memory A. Memory does not work like a video recorder: People do not encode or retrieve every aspect of an event
More informationPersonal identity is cultural identity. Culture is a powerful organizer of
Thomas (Culture) 4682-01.qxd 4/15/2005 5:56 PM Page 1 1 Framework Personal identity is cultural identity. Culture is a powerful organizer of people s lives. How we view ourselves and who we are as individuals
More informationScanning Brains for Insights on Racial Perception
New York Times, Science Section, September 5, 2000 Scanning Brains for Insights on Racial Perception By DAVID BERREBY Copyright 2000 The New York Times Co. Reprinted with permission After a decade of mapping
More information