Anatomy & Physiology Joints and Girdles Exam 12/15/2015. Part I: Labeling. Provide the correct name for each marked bone, suture, landmark, etc. 14.

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1 Anatomy & Physiology Joints and Girdles Exam 12/15/2015 Part I: Labeling. Provide the correct name for each marked bone, suture, landmark, etc

2 Anatomy & Physiology Joints and Girdles Exam 12/15/2015 Part II: General Knowledge. A. Label each statement below as true (T) or false (F). 29. Yellow bone marrow is primarily responsible for hematopoiesis. 30. The midsagittal suture separates the two parietal bones. 31. The maxilla is the only movable bone in the skull. 32. The pelvic and pectoral girdles are part of the axial skeleton. 33. One purpose of the vertebral column is to protect the spinal cord. 34. The foramen magnum is located in the sphenoid bone. B. Fill in each blank with either true, false, or floating. 35. A rib attached to the sternum. 36. A rib attached posteriorly to T A rib that attaches anteriorly to a rib above it. 38. A rib attached to T 3. C. Short Answer. 39. While in the process of reconstructing a skeleton for a forensic investigation you spot 5 vertebrae lying on the examination table. You know that they must be C 1, C 2, C 6, T 3, and L 3. Describe, in detail, how you would successfully identify each vertebra. A simple giraffe or moose will not suffice.

3 Anatomy & Physiology Joints and Girdles Exam 12/15/2015 Identify each statement below as true (T) or false (F). 1. Synovial joints are the most common type of joint. 2. Amphiarthroses joints are immovable. 3. The sutures in the skull are a type of cartilaginous joints. 4. Articular cartilage covers the end of bones in synovial joints. 5. The joint capsule is surrounded by the synovial membrane. 6. The joint where the humerus and scapula articulate is a ball and socket synovial joint. 7. Bones that make up a plane joint have a concave and convex region. 8. The joint at the proximal ends of the radius and ulna is a pivot joint. 10. Diarthroses have a greater degree of mobility and flexibility than synarthroses. Multiple Choice. Select the correct answer choice for each question/statement below. 11. Immovable joints are functionally classified as. A) diarthroses B) synarthroses C) amphiarthroses D) symphyses 12. The joints between carpal bones are classified as. A) plane joint B) hinge joint C) pivot joint D) saddle joint E) condyloid joint 13 The elbow is classified as a(n). A) plane joint B) hinge joint C) pivot joint D) saddle joint E) condylar joint 15. The science of joints is called. A) arthrology B) jointology C) hematology D) histology E) zoology 16) The synovial joint where the atlas and axis vertebrae articulate is known as a. A) hinge B) gliding joint C) pivot joint D) saddle joint E) condyloid joint. 14. The pubic symphysis is a type of joint. A) fibrous B) cartilaginous C) synovial D) hematopoetic E) metacarpal

4 Use Figure 5.4 to answer questions ) The joint capsule is indicated in Figure 5.4 by letter A) A B) B C) C D) D 18) The joint cavity is indicated by letter A) A B) B C) C D) D 19) Articular cartilage is indicated by letter A) A B) B C) C D) D 20) The synovial membrane is indicated by letter A) A B) B C) C D) D A. B. D. C. 4

5 Directions: Read each question carefully and choose the answer choice that is the best possible answer. Using Figure 4.1, identify the following: 1) The hypodermis, or subcutaneous tissue, is represented by. E) Label E 2) The hair follicle is indicated by. E) Label F 3) The layer responsible for whorled ridges on the epidermal surfaces is indicated by. E) Label E 4) The arrector pili muscle is represented by. E) Label E 5) The gland that produces a mixture of oily substances and fragmented cells is indicated by. E) Label E 6) The gland that produces sweat is indicated by. E) Label E 5

6 7) The part of a hair that projects from the surface of the scalp or skin is called the. A) follicle B) root C) cuticle D) shaft 8) The outermost layer of the epidermis is keratinized and known as stratum. A) basale B) granulosum C) corneum D) spinosum 9) The sebaceous and sweat glands associated with the skin are classified as glands because they release secretions to the skin's surface via ducts. A) exocrine B) endocrine C) serous D) mucous 10) "Goosebumps" are caused by contractions of the. A) eccrine glands B) synovial membranes C) arrector pili muscles D) apocrine glands 11) The type of burn that involves injury to the epidermis and the upper region of the dermis and is red, blistered, and painful is termed as a -degree burn. A) first B) second C) third D) fourth 12) Hair color is due to a pigment known as. A) hemoglobin B) carotene C) keratin D) melanin 13) The white crescent area located over the nail matrix is called the. A) lunule B) cuticle C) matrix D) bed 6

7 14) The type of gland responsible for body temperature regulation is the gland. A) sebaceous B) eccrine (sweat or sudoriferous) C) apocrine (sweat or sudoriferous) D) oil Answer: B 15) Which of the following letters in the ABCD rule for recognizing melanomas is incorrect? A) A stands for asymmetry B) B stands for border irregularity C) C stands for color D) D stands for diagnosis 16) The skin and its derivatives (nails, glands, and hairs) form the. A) skeletal system B) integumentary system C) endocrine system D) immune system E) lymphatic system 17) Which of the following is a vital function of the skin? A) It converts modified epidermal cholesterol to vitamin D. B) It aids in the transport of materials throughout the body. C) The cells of the epidermis store glucose as glycogen for energy. D) It absorbs vitamin C so that the skin will not be subject to diseases. E) It aids in desiccation. 7

8 18) The epidermis is composed of. A) simple columnar epithelium B) stratified squamous epithelium C) adipose tissue D) areolar tissue E) dense fibrous connective tissue 19) Jan got her microscope slides mixed up in lab as they were unlabeled. The slide with abundant adipose tissue should be labeled as the. A) epidermis B) papillary layer of the dermis C) subcutaneous tissue D) reticular layer of the dermis E) stratum corneum 20) The two main layers of skin are. A) papillary layer and reticular layer B) stratum basale and dermis C) epidermis and dermis D) stratum corneum and dermis E) epidermis and hypodermis 21) A needle pierces through the epidermal layers of the forearm in the following order: 1. stratum basale 2. stratum corneum 3. stratum granulosum 4. stratum lucidum 5. stratum spinosum A) 2, 3, 5, 1 B) 1, 5, 3, 4, 2 C) 2, 4, 3, 5, 1 D) 1, 3, 5, 2, 4 E) 2, 4, 3, 5, 1 22) The "tanning" effect (darkening of the skin) that occurs when a person is exposed to the sun is due to. A) melanin B) keratin C) oil D) Langerhans cells E) sweat 23) People who produce a lot of melanin have a skin tone that is. A) green B) brown C) blue 8

9 D) pink E) orange Answer: B 24) A splinter penetrates to the deepest layer of the epidermis on your foot. This layer is the. A) stratum basale B) stratum corneum C) stratum granulosum D) stratum lucidum E) stratum spinosum 25) Fingerprints and footprints in the epidermis are created by dermal papillae present in the. A) reticular layer of the dermis B) subcutaneous tissue C) stratum lucidum D) hypodermis E) papillary layer of the dermis 26) In order to warm the body up when cold. A) vitamin D is synthesized B) sudoriferous glands release sweat C) sebaceous glands release oil D) the arrector pili muscles contract to stand hairs upright E) melanin is produced 27) Which vitamin is synthesized by the skin? A) vitamin A B) vitamin C C) vitamin D D) vitamin E E) vitamin K 9

10 28) Nails are composed of. A) melanin B) hemoglobin C) keratin D) sebum E) carotene 29) What skin disorder is recognized using the ABCD rule? A) squamous cell carcinoma B) melanoma C) psoriasis D) basal cell carcinoma E) impetigo 30) A physician estimates the volume of fluid lost in a severely burned patient by. A) measuring urinary output and fluid intake B) observing the tissues that are usually moist C) blood analysis D) using the "rule of nines" E) performing enzyme studies 31) Which of the following is an indication of melanoma? A) a symmetrical mole B) a pigmented spot that has smooth borders C) a spot on the skin that is smaller than the size of a pencil eraser D) a pigmented spot that is black E) a pigmented spot that contains areas of different colors 10