Cultural Obsession: Food & Weight National Polls and Studies:

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1 Cultural Obsession: Food & Weight National Polls and Studies: 38% of Normal Weight Women felt overweight Concerns Increase for College Women: 2/3 Unhappy Dissatisfaction Solution: Resort to dieting over exercise Almost everyone gains their weight back (Yo-Yo Dieting) Gender Roles: Traditionally more pressure on women Recently: Emphasis on men being superfit Action Figures have grown more muscular TV & Stardom based on looks Why be concerned about fitness and healthy eating habits? Positive Correlation: Overweight & Disease Majority: Driving Force is attractiveness and self-esteem

2 Video Clip: The Changing GI Joe

3 Video: Video Killed the Radio Star

4 Video: Susan Boyle - Typical Music Star?

5 Three Specific Eating Disorders: Anorexia Nervosa = self-starvation DSM-IV Requirement: 15% below one s normal body weight Intense Fears of Becoming Fat & Distorted Body Image Amenorrhea = cessation of the menstrual cycle Bulimia Nervosa = bingeing followed by weight prevention measures Purging: Vomiting or Laxatives / Non-Purging: Fasting or Extreme Exercise Typically normal weight or slightly overweight Binge-Eating Disorder = compulsory and continuously overeat DSM-IV: Not officially recognized; warrants further study No Planned Mealtimes: How healthy are routines? Response to stresses of depression or anxiety Highest Eating Disorder Rate

6 Visual: U.S. Obesity Problem

7 Eating Disorder: Theories & Treatments Eating Disorder Theories: Biological: Genetic Heritage and abnormal Hypothalamus Societal Pressures: What is our standard of Beauty? Increased likelihood for athletes Higher rates for upper and middle class; Caucasians Anorexia Psychotherapy: Difficult and High Relapse Rate Operant Conditioning: Reward Weight Gain (Hospital Privileges) Family Therapy: Resolve Conflicts and Unreasonable Expectations Bulimia Psychotherapy: Re-Introduce Forbidden Foods (Ex: Breads-Doughnuts) Teach and Model: Three Healthy Meals a day Biological Treatments: Antidepressant Drugs

8 Dr. Phil Clip: Starving to Death

9 Video Clip: NBC s Biggest Loser

10 Video Clip: 2013 Biggest Loser

11 What is technology? Technology = applying scientific knowledge for practical purposes Classic Question: Is technology good or bad? The Psychological Impact of Television: 1947: 44,000 in homes / 2004: 98% of households Positive Impact: Education Value (Ex: Sesame Street) Social Surrogacy Hypothesis = isolated form relationships w/ TV characters Negative Impact: Study: Right Brain is twice as active; causes a state of hypnosis TV Nickname: Boob Tube Positive Correlation: Sedentary Behavior and Obesity Research: Unsatisfied lives spend 30% more time watching TV

12 Addictions: The Internet & Cellphones Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD) = computer interferes w/ daily life 2009: Added to the DSM (Based on Pathological Gambling) Pathological = behavior caused disease IAD Subtypes: Pornography / Gaming / Social Networking / Blogging / Shopping Should cellphones be classified as an addiction? How have smartphones changed your behavior? All addictions are being debated for DSM-V in 2013 Likely will not be included Does overuse of cellphones lead to other disorders? Sleep Disorders due to brain stimulation Texting While Driving: accident rate increases by 23 times

13 Video Clip: Neuroscience & the Internet

14 Three Types of Sexual Disorders: Sexual Dysfunctions = problems with sexual arousal or sexual acts Most Common of Sexual Disorders Ex: Male Erectile Disorder and Viagra Pill Drug use causes problems with sexual functioning Paraphilias = sex acts with children, non-consenting adults or objects Societies always create laws of acceptable sexual behavior. 90% of Paraphilias are Men. Fetishes = one uses inanimate objects for sexual arousal Paraphilias also include using suffering or humiliation. Gender Identity = one was born with the body of the wrong gender Differs from expected gender roles or sexual orientation. Famous Case Study: David Reimer (The Boy Who Was Raised As A Girl) Unsuccessful Experiment - Proved the Nature Argument

15 Video Clip: The Boy Who Was Raised A Girl

16 Dangerous Sexual Disorders: Sex Addiction: Included in the DSM-III in 1987 Since Removed: Will not be in the DSM-V Voyeurism = secretly watch another person undress Ex: Window Peepers or Cameras Exhibitionism = exposing oneself to involuntary observers Tweet & Resignation of Congressman Anthony Weiner (2011) Pedophilia = adults attracted to and sexually engaging with children General Diagnosis: Child must be under the age of 13 Initiator must be 16 or older (w/ a 5 year age gap) Statutory Rape = sexual activities with one below the age of consent Labeled as sex offender (Impact?) * Discuss Rapists (Paraphilias) during PTSD and Anxiety Disorders.

17 Video Clip: Jerry Sandusky and Pedophilia

18 Problem Gambling: Ludomania Ludomania = urge to continuously gamble despite harmful consequences or a desire to stop APA classifies it as an impulse-control disorder Considered an addiction in the DSM-V Diagnosis Criteria: Must Meet Atleast 5 Symptoms Preoccupation / Tolerance / Withdrawal / Escape / Chasing / Lying Loss of Control / Illegal Acts / Risked Relationships / Bailout Theories of Gambling Addiction: Biological: Gamblers have lower levels of norepinephrine Norepinephrine = neurotransmitter secreted with stress, arousal or thrill Cognitive: Gambler s Fallacy and Nature of Probability Gambler s Fallacy = misbelief that the only way to win is keep playing Behaviorism: Variable Ratio Patterns (B.F. Skinner s Pigeons)

19 Video Clip:Gambler s Fallacy

20 Materialistic: Shopaholics & Hoarders Compulsive Buying Disorder (CBD) = obsession with shopping AKA: Oniomania 5.8% of the U.S. Population (80% Women) Postmodern Addiction: Credit Cards and Living Beyond Means Last included in the DSM-III (Impulse Contol Disorder) Compulsive Hoarding = excessive acquisition; inability to discard objects AKA: Packratting or Pathological Collecting Currently proposed for the DSM-V Symptoms of Compulsive Hoarders: Can t Pass Up Freebies Rooms Can t Be Used Ex: Beds can t slept in Unsanitary Living Conditions Animal Hoarders and Attachment Disorders

21 Video Clip: Ultimate Shopaholic

22 Video Clip: TLC s Hoarders

23 Video Clip: Animal Hoarders

24 Quiz Time: Addictions Quiz #2