Chapter 12: Mass Spectrometry: molecular weight of the sample
|
|
- Henry Hill
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Structure Determination: hapter 12: Mass Spectrometry- molecular weight of the sample; formula hapter 12: Infrared Spectroscopy- indicated which functional groups are present hapter 13: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance- map of the - framework hapter 14: Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy- p-bonds hapter 12: Mass Spectrometry: molecular weight of the sample formula The mass spectrometer gives the mass to charge ratio, therefore the sample (analyte) must be an ion. Mass spectrometry is a gas phase technique- the sample must be vaporized. Electron-impact ionization ionization chamber e Sample Inlet torr R- R- (M ) mass analyzer electron beam 70 ev (6700 KJ/mol) proton neutron electron u u u 1
2 mass charge m = = z B 2 r 2 2V B= magnetic field strength r= radius of the analyzer tube V= voltage (accelerator plate) Ions of non-selected mass/charge ratio are not detected Ions of selected mass/charge ratio are detected Magnetic Field, B o Ionization chamber The Mass Spectrometer Molecular Ion (parent ion, M)= molecular mass of the analyte; sample minus an electron Nitrogen rule: organic molecules with an odd mass must have an odd number of nitrogens. rganic molecules with an even mass have an even number of nitrogens (0 is an even number) Base peak- largest (most abundant) peak in a mass spectra; arbitarily assigned a relative abundance of 100%. If the mass can be determined accurately enough, then the molecular formula can be determined (high resolution mass spectrometry) - double focusing mass spectrometer 2
3 Exact Masses of ommon Natural Isotopes Isotope mass natural abundance Isotope mass natural abundance (1.11%) 14 N N (0.38%) (0.04%) (0.20%) 19 F l l (32.5%) 79 Br Br (98%) 127 I igh resolution mass spectrometry can give the formula of the sample mass= 58 N N N N N N N N For mass = 200, there are at least 51 empirical formulas with,,n, 3
4 The radical cation (M ) is unstable and will fragment into smaller ions - e m/z = 15 charge neutral not detected m/z = 14 charge neutral not detected m/z=15 m/z=14 (M) m/z=17 (M1) - e - e m/z = 44 m/z = 43 charge neutral not detected -or- m/z = 29 charge neutral charge neutral m/z = 15 not detected not detected m/z=29 m/z=43 m/z=15 (M) m/z=45 (M1) 4
5 3 - e m/z = 72 m/z = 57 charge neutral not detected m/z=57 No molecular ion m/z=72 Mass spectra can be quite complicated and interpretation difficult. Some functional groups have characteristic fragmentation (sect. 12.4) It is difficult to assign an entire structure based only on the mass spectra. owever, the mass spectra gives the mass and formula of the sample which is very important information. To obtain the formula, the molecular ion must be observed. soft ionization techniques (chemical ionization, fast atom bombardment) Methods have been developed to get large molecules such as polymers and biological macromolecules (proteins, peptides, nucleic acids) into the vapor phase (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization and electrospray ionization) 5
6 Spectroscopy and the Electromagnetic Spectrum Electromagnetic (EM) radiation = light matter photon (quanta) energy Spectroscopy: the interaction of EM radiation with matter (organic molecule) light (hn) organic molecule (ground state) absorption organic molecule (higher energy state) * relax organic emission molecule (ground state) quantized energy levels: the energy states are at discrete levels; there is no continuum between these levels hn E = h n n = c/l E = h c l E a n n a l -1 E a l -1 c = speed of light (3 x cm sec -1 ) l = wavelength (distance of one wave) n = frequency: number of waves per unit time (sec -1, z) h = Planck s constant = 6.62 x J sec -1 6
7 The Electromagnetic Spectrum Increasing Energy Longer wavelength (l) Infrared: molecular vibrations; stretching and bending of bonds - identify functional groups (h. 12) Radiowaves: nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; nuclear magnetic moments versus an external magnetic field - gives a and map of the molecule (h. 13) UV-vis: valance electron transitions; types of p-bonds (h. 14) 7
8 Infrared Spectroscopy: Vis Near IR Infrared (IR) Far IR microwave x 10-4 cm 2.4 x 10-3 cm mm 25 mm 4000 n 400 n E a 1 l l is expressed as n (wavenumber), reciprocal cm (cm -1 ) n = 1 therefore E a n l Absorption of infrared radiation causes bonds within a molecule to vibrate, stretch and bend. Bonds behave likes springs. Stretch- deforms bond length Symmetric stretch Antisymmetric stretch Bend- deform bond angle In-plane bend ut-of-plane bend 8
9 Bond Stretch: ooke s Law X Y n = 1 2 p c f m x m y m x m y 1 2 n = vibrational frequency c = speed of light m x = mass of X m y = mass of Y m x m y = reduced mass (m) m x m y E a n a f f = spring constant; type of bond between X and Y (single, double or triple) ooke s law simulation: Interpretation of an Infrared Spectra: organic molecules contain many atoms. As a result, there are many stretching and bending modes- IR spectra have many absorption bands Four distinct regions of an IR spectra X- single bond region triple bond region double bond region fingerprint region 4000 cm cm cm cm cm -1 9
10 Fingerprint region ( cm -1 )- low energy single bond stretching and bending. The fingerprint region is unique for a given organic compound and is thus used to identify them. owever there are few diagnostic absorptions. Double-bond regions ( cm -1 ) = cm -1 = cm -1 Triple-bond region: ( cm -1 ) cm -1 (weak, often not observed) N cm -1 X- Single-bond region ( cm -1 ) cm -1 N cm cm -1 sp cm -1 sp2 = cm -1 sp - ~3300 cm -1 arbonyl groups: aliphatic aldehyde aliphatic ketone aliphatic ester 1730 cm cm cm conjugated aldehyde conjugated ketone conjugated ester 1705 cm cm cm aromatic aldehyde 1705 cm -1 aromatic ketone 1690 cm -1 aromatic ester 1715 cm -1 onjugation moves the = stretch to lower energy (right) 10
11 yclic Ketones: aliphatic ketone conjugated ketone 1715 cm cm -1 aromatic ketone 1690 cm cm cm cm cm -1 Ring strain moves the = absorption to higher energy (left) Table 12.1 (page 458) Alkenes = cm -1 medium - strong = cm -1 medium Aromatic = cm -1 strong = cm -1 weak cm -1 strong Alkynes cm -1 strong weak - medium Alcohols cm -1 strong cm -1 strong and broad Amines -N cm -1 medium N cm -1 medium arbonyl = cm -1 strong arboxylic acids cm -1 strong and very broad Nitrile N medium 11
12 Problem = 12
CHM 424L Organic Laboratory, Dr. Laurie S. Starkey Introduction to Mass Spectrometry
CM 424L rganic Laboratory, Dr. Laurie S. Starkey Introduction to Mass Spectrometry Mass spectrometry is used to determine a sample's molecular mass and molecular formula. Some structural information can
More informationMass Spectrometry Introduction
Mass Spectrometry Introduction Chem 744 Spring 2013 What MS is and is not MS is NOT a spectroscopic method. Molecules are not absorbing EM radiation MS is the generation, separation and characterization
More informationCHEM 242 UV-VIS SPECTROSCOPY, IR SPECTROSCOPY, CHAP 13A ASSIGN AND MASS SPECTROMETRY C 8 H 17 A B C
CEM 242 UV-VIS SPECTRSCPY, IR SPECTRSCPY, CAP 13A ASSIGN AND MASS SPECTRMETRY 1. Which choice matches the max of each steroid in the order given? C 8 17 C 8 17 C 8 17 A B C A. 209 nm 241 nm 284 nm B. 241
More informationDEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II 202-BZG-05 03
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II 202-BZG-05 03 TEST 1 11 MARCH 2010 INSTRUCTOR: I. DIONNE PRINT YOUR NAME: Answers INSTRUCTIONS: Answer all questions in the space provided.
More informationTopic 6 Structure Determination Revision Notes
1) Introduction Topic 6 Structure Determination Revision Notes Mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy and NMR spectroscopy can be used to determine the structure of unknown compounds 2) Mass spectrometry
More informationChapter 2 MASS SPECTROMETRY
Chapter 2 MASS SPECTMETY The mass spectrometer is an instrument that utilizes a variety of methods to ionize organic and biological compounds into simple cations and cationic species containing one unpaired
More informationIR Spectroscopy Part II
IR Spectroscopy Part II Carbonyl - compounds For simple aldehydes and ketones, the stretching vibration of the carbonyl group is a strong infrared absorption beetwen 1710 and 1740 cm -1. Alkyl substituents
More informationOrganic Chemistry Laboratory Fall Lecture 3 Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry June
344 Organic Chemistry Laboratory Fall 2013 Lecture 3 Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry June 19 2013 Chromatography Chromatography separation of a mixture into individual components Paper, Column,
More informationChapter 20 Carboxylic Acids. Introduction
hapter 20 arboxylic Acids Introduction arbonyl (-=) and hydroxyl (-H) on the same carbon is carboxyl group. arboxyl group is usually written -H or 2 H. Aliphatic acids have an alkyl group bonded to -H.
More informationBiological Mass Spectrometry. April 30, 2014
Biological Mass Spectrometry April 30, 2014 Mass Spectrometry Has become the method of choice for precise protein and nucleic acid mass determination in a very wide mass range peptide and nucleotide sequencing
More informationEszopiclone (Lunesta ): An Analytical Profile
Eszopiclone (Lunesta ): An Analytical Profile Roxanne E. Franckowski, M.S.* and Robert A. Thompson, Ph.D. U.S. Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration Special Testing and Research Laboratory
More informationOrganic Chemistry Diversity of Carbon Compounds
Organic Chemistry Diversity of Carbon Compounds Hydrocarbons The Alkanes The Alkenes The Alkynes Naming Hydrocarbons Cyclic Hydrocarbons Alkyl Groups Aromatic Hydrocarbons Naming Complex Hydrocarbons Chemical
More informationChapter 20: Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution
hapter 20: arboxylic Acid Derivatives: ucleophilic Acyl Substitution 20.1: omenclature of arboxylic Acid Derivatives (please read) carboxylic acid -oic acid ' ester -oate ' lactone cyclic ester l acid
More informationMetabolomics: quantifying the phenotype
Metabolomics: quantifying the phenotype Metabolomics Promises Quantitative Phenotyping What can happen GENOME What appears to be happening Bioinformatics TRANSCRIPTOME What makes it happen PROTEOME Systems
More informationFundamentals of Soft Ionization and MS Instrumentation
Fundamentals of Soft Ionization and MS Instrumentation Ana Varela Coelho varela@itqb.unl.pt Mass Spectrometry Lab Analytical Services Unit Index Mass spectrometers and its components Ionization methods:
More information2. Ionization Sources 3. Mass Analyzers 4. Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Dr. Sanjeeva Srivastava 1. Fundamental of Mass Spectrometry Role of MS and basic concepts 2. Ionization Sources 3. Mass Analyzers 4. Tandem Mass Spectrometry 2 1 MS basic concepts Mass spectrometry - technique
More informationQuadrupole and Ion Trap Mass Analysers and an introduction to Resolution
Quadrupole and Ion Trap Mass Analysers and an introduction to Resolution A simple definition of a Mass Spectrometer A Mass Spectrometer is an analytical instrument that can separate charged molecules according
More informationChapter 19: Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution 19.1: Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives (please read)
problem 18.33b - = 128.7 123.9 179.7 146.8 147.4 45.3 18.0 161 hapter 19: arboxylic Acid Derivatives: ucleophilic Acyl Substitution 19.1: omenclature of arboxylic Acid Derivatives (please read) carboxylic
More informationTime (min) Supplementary Figure 1: Gas decomposition products of irradiated DMC.
200000 C 2 CH 3 CH 3 DMC 180000 160000 140000 Intensity 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 C 2 H 6 CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 CH 3 CCH 3 EMC DEC 20000 C 3 H 8 HCCH 3 5 10 15 20 25 Time (min) Supplementary Figure 1: Gas
More informationMethods in Mass Spectrometry. Dr. Noam Tal Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University
Methods in Mass Spectrometry Dr. Noam Tal Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University Sample Engineering Chemistry Biology Life Science Medicine Industry IDF / Police Sample
More informationLecture 10: MS Interpretation Part 4 Postulation of Molecular Structures
Lecture 10: MS Interpretation Part 4 Postulation of Molecular Structures CU- Boulder CHEM 5181 Mass Spectrometry & Chromatography Prof. Jose-Luis Jimenez Postulation of Molecular Structures There are several
More informationIn vivo Infrared Spectroscopy
In vivo Infrared Spectroscopy Zhe Xia March 29, 2017 Outline Introduction Theory Instrument Case study Conclusion Introduction In vivo: Latin for within the living, In vivo studies focus on the effects
More informationNature of Radiation and DNA damage
Nature of Radiation and DNA damage Index 1. What is radiation? 2. Ionizing Radiation 3. Interaction of Gamma-radiation with Matter 4. Radiobiology 5. Direct and Indirect action of radiation 6. Steps of
More informationYour Name: Answer Key Question 1. Standard Fragmentations in Mass Spectrometry. (20 points)
MU, hemistry 8160, FS08, Dr. Glaser Your ame: Answer Key Question 1. Standard Fragmentations in Mass Spectrometry. (20 points) For (b) (d), draw the complete structure of the substrate (all atoms, lone
More informationMass Spectrometry and Proteomics - Lecture 1 - Matthias Trost Newcastle University
Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics - Lecture 1 - Matthias Trost Newcastle University matthias.trost@ncl.ac.uk Content Lectures 1-3 The basics of mass measurement Ionisation techniques Mass analysers Detectors
More informationMass Spectrometry Course Árpád Somogyi Chemistry and Biochemistry MassSpectrometry Facility) University of Debrecen, April 12-23, 2010
Mass Spectrometry Course Árpád Somogyi Chemistry and Biochemistry MassSpectrometry Facility) University of Debrecen, April 12-23, 2010 Introduction, Ionization Methods Mass Analyzers, Ion Activation Methods
More information1. Sample Introduction to MS Systems:
MS Overview: 9.10.08 1. Sample Introduction to MS Systems:...2 1.1. Chromatography Interfaces:...3 1.2. Electron impact: Used mainly in Protein MS hard ionization source...4 1.3. Electrospray Ioniztion:
More informationInfrared Spectroscopy
Carbonyl Compounds Cl H H N 2 1810 cm -1 (band 1) 1800 cm -1 1760 cm -1 both present (band 2) 1735 cm -1 1725 cm -1 1715 cm -1 1710 cm -1 1690 cm -1 Inductive Effects esonance Effects stronger bond W W
More informationIdentification of Aromatic Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters
Chapter 3.2 Identification of Aromatic Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters The only use of gas chromatography is not sufficient to determine which compounds are eluting from the catalytic bed. At the beginning of
More informationGC/MS and GC/FTIR as Powerful Tools for Identifying Bioactive Compounds
ACTA CHEMICA IASI, 19, 1-19 (2011) GC/MS and GC/FTIR as Powerful Tools for Identifying Bioactive Compounds Steluţa Gosav a,b* and Rodica Dinică c a Chemistry Departament, Al.I. Cuza University Iasi, 11
More informationSupplementary Figure 1: UV-Vis absorption (a) and excitation emission matrix (EEM) (b) spectra of the SN medium (Cyanosite ) used to grow
Supplementary Figure 1: UV-Vis absorption (a) and excitation emission matrix (EEM) (b) spectra of the SN medium (Cyanosite ) used to grow Synechococcus cultures. Note: The same scale used in Figure 1 was
More informationComparison of mass spectrometers performances
Comparison of mass spectrometers performances Instrument Mass Mass Sensitivity resolution accuracy Quadrupole 1 x 10 3 0.1 Da* 0.5-1.0 pmol DE-MALDI 2 x 10 4 20 ppm 1-10 fmol peptide 1-5 pmol protein Ion
More informationMALDI-TOF. Introduction. Schematic and Theory of MALDI
MALDI-TOF Proteins and peptides have been characterized by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) or SDS PAGE by generating peptide maps. These peptide maps have been used as fingerprints of protein
More informationMatrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry
Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Basic principles An attractive feature of the time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer is its
More informationThe Mass Spectra Analysis for α-ionone and β-ionone
International Journal of Chemistry; Vol. 9, No. 3; 2017 ISSN 1916-9698 E-ISSN 1916-9701 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education The Mass Spectra Analysis f α-ionone and β-ionone Abdalla Mustafa
More informationIdentifying Functional Groups. (Chapter 2 in the Klein text)
Identifying Functional Groups (Chapter 2 in the Klein text) Basic Ideas A functional group is a substructure within a molecule that will have the potential to undergo chemical change, i.e. the group has
More informationKinetic model of the biomass hydrolysis by polysulfone. membrane with chemically linked acidic ionic liquids via.
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Kinetic model of the biomass hydrolysis by polysulfone membrane with chemically linked acidic
More informationFinal Exam, Page 1 of 15. Your full signature
Final Exam, Page 1 of 15 Your full signature Print your full name Your SID If you are making up an I grade Indicate the semester you took the course Name of the instructor for that course: This exam has
More informationDETECTION OF BREAST & CERVICAL CANCER USING RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
DETECTION OF BREAST & CERVICAL CANCER USING RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY Binay Bhushan 1, Asima Pradhan 2 Post-Doctoral Fellow, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India 1 Professor, Department
More informationLOCALISATION, IDENTIFICATION AND SEPARATION OF MOLECULES. Gilles Frache Materials Characterization Day October 14 th 2016
LOCALISATION, IDENTIFICATION AND SEPARATION OF MOLECULES Gilles Frache Materials Characterization Day October 14 th 2016 1 MOLECULAR ANALYSES Which focus? LOCALIZATION of molecules by Mass Spectrometry
More informationChapter 20: Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles شیمی آلی 2
Chapter 20: Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles شیمی آلی 2 Dr M. Mehrdad University of Guilan, Department of Chemistry, Rasht, Iran m-mehrdad@guilan.ac.ir Based on McMurry s Organic Chemistry, 7 th edition The
More informationDiscovIR-LC. Application Note 026 May 2008 READING TEA LEAVES SUMMARY INTRODUCTION
TM DiscovIR-LC Deposition and Detection System Application Note 026 May 2008 READING TEA LEAVES The DiscovIR-LC is a powerful new tool for materials analysis. When connected to the outlet of an LC column,
More informationAn optical dosimeter for the selective detection of gaseous phosgene with ultra-low detection limit
Supporting information for An optical dosimeter for the selective detection of gaseous phosgene with ultra-low detection limit Alejandro P. Vargas, Francisco Gámez*, Javier Roales, Tània Lopes-Costa and
More informationSolving practical problems. Maria Kuhtinskaja
Solving practical problems Maria Kuhtinskaja What does a mass spectrometer do? It measures mass better than any other technique. It can give information about chemical structures. What are mass measurements
More informationOption D: Medicinal Chemistry
Option D: Medicinal Chemistry Basics - unstable radioactive nuclei emit radiation in the form of smaller particles alpha, beta, positron, proton, neutron, & gamma are all used in nuclear medicine unstable
More informationA Very Unusual Doubly Charged Ion in the Mass Spectrum of a Phosphate (James Little*, T. Huret, Bob Hale)
A Very Unusual Doubly Charged Ion in the Mass Spectrum of a Phosphate (James Little*, T. Huret, Bob Hale) Doubly charge ions are often noted in the electron impact mass spectra of many polynuclear aromatics.
More informationChapter 18. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives. Nucleophilic Addition-Elimination at the Acyl Carbon
Chapter 18 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives. Nucleophilic Addition-Elimination at the Acyl Carbon Carboxylic Acids Organic compounds characterized by their acidity Contains COOH group (must be at
More informationIonization Methods. Neutral species Charged species. Removal/addition of electron(s) Removal/addition of proton(s)
Ionization Methods Neutral species Charged species Removal/addition of electron(s) M + e - (M +. )* + 2e - electron ionization Removal/addition of proton(s) M + (Matrix)-H MH + + (Matrix) - chemical ionization
More informationEquation y = a + b*x Adj. R-Square Value Standard Error Intercept E Slope
Absorbance (a.u.) 4 3 2 1 Equation y = a + b*x Adj. R-Square 0.99826 Value Standard Error Intercept 4.08326E-4 0.02916 Slope 1.58874 0.02503 0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Electron concentration (mmol/l)
More informationCarboxylic Acid Derivatives Reading Study Problems Key Concepts and Skills Lecture Topics: Structures and reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives
Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Reading: Wade chapter 21, sections 21-1- 21-16 Study Problems: 21-45, 21-46, 21-48, 21-49, 21-50, 21-53, 21-56, 21-58, 21-63 Key Concepts and Skills: Interpret the spectra of
More informationChromophores in wood and kraft pulp
hromophores hromophores in wood and kraft pulp Greek chroma; colour and phoros; bearing hromophore is an organic structure which gives rise to colour Some chromophores: Lecture 9 Auxochrome (Greek auxanein,
More informationChemistry 14C Fall 2015 Second Midterm Exam Page 1
Chemistry 14C Fall 2015 Second Midterm Exam Page 1 1. (6) Provide brief yet precise definitions. Use no more than fifteen words for each definition. (a) Molecular ion: (b) Spin-spin coupling: 2. (2) Which
More informationApplication Note # FTMS-46 solarix XR: Analysis of Complex Mixtures
Application Note # FTMS-46 solarix XR: Analysis of Complex Mixtures Introduction Natural organic matter (NOM) as well as crude oil and crude oil fractions are very complex mixtures of organic compounds
More informationSupporting Information. Evolution of atomically precise silver clusters to superlattices
Copyright WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69469 Weinheim, Germany, 2012. Supporting Information for Part. Part. Sys. Charact., DOI: 10.1002/ppsc.((please add manuscript number)) Evolution of atomically
More informationYour Name: Question 1. Spectrum Prediction I: Ethyl Acetoacetate. (15 points) ppm ppm ppm ppm. J(A,D) = 8 Hz = 0.
Question 1. Spectrum Prediction I: Ethyl Acetoacetate. (15 points) A B C D 4.202 ppm 3.451 ppm 2.273 ppm 1.288 ppm J(A,D) = 8 Hz = 0.08 ppm (in CDCl 3 ) Draw the 100 MHz H-NMR spectrum to scale. Draw splitting
More informationChapter 18 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives. Nucleophilic Addition- Elimination at the Acyl Carbon
Chapter 18 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives. Nucleophilic Addition- Elimination at the Acyl Carbon Introduction The carboxyl group (-CO 2 H) is the parent group of a family of compounds called acyl
More informationSupporting Information for Manuscript es w. The Effect of Solvent on the Analysis of Secondary Organic Aerosol Using
Supporting Information for Manuscript es200801226w The Effect of Solvent on the Analysis of Secondary Organic Aerosol Using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Adam P. Bateman 1, Maggie L. Walser
More informationCONTENT. i iv ix. SVKM s NMIMS, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management
CONTENT Chapter No. Title Page No. Abbreviations List of Figures List of Tables 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Practical aspects 4 1.2 Stability-indicating assay method (SIAM) 5 1.3 Regulatory aspects 6 1.4 Techniques
More informationComponents of a Mass Spectrometer
Components of a Mass Spectrometer Sample Introduction Inlet GC LC Direct Insertion (Syringe/Probe) Ionization Ion Separation Ion Detection Ion Source EI,CI,,, MALDI Mass Analyzer Under vacuum TOF, Quadrupole,
More informationMass Spectrometry. - Introduction - Ion sources & sample introduction - Mass analyzers - Basics of biomolecule MS - Applications
- Introduction - Ion sources & sample introduction - Mass analyzers - Basics of biomolecule MS - Applications Adapted from Mass Spectrometry in Biotechnology Gary Siuzdak,, Academic Press 1996 1 Introduction
More informationCHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. 4.1 Structural and morphological studies
hapter 4: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) HPTER 4: RESULTS N ISUSSION 4.1 Structural and morphological studies 4.1.1 Fourier Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) The scanning of the samples
More informationBacterial adhesion is important for understanding biofilm formation, pathogen and contaminant transport, and bioremediation of soil and water. Bacterial adhesion represents the attachment of the bacteria
More informationChapter Introduction
Chapter 1 Introduction Malignancy is a life-threatening condition in which tumor cells are of a highly invasive character and penetrate normal organs and exhibit an obstinate resistance against cancer
More informationTrans Fat Determination in the Industrially Processed Edible Oils By Transmission FT-IR Spectroscopy By
Trans Fat Determination in the Industrially Processed Edible Oils By Transmission FT-IR Spectroscopy By Dr. Syed Tufail Hussain Sherazi E-mail: tufail_sherazi@yahoo.com National Center of Excellence in
More informationSupporting Information. 58 Pages. 6 Figures 4 Tables
Light-Source-Dependent Effects of Main Water Constituents on Photodegradation of Phenicol Antibiotics: Mechanism and Kinetics Linke Ge, Jingwen Chen, * Xianliang Qiao, Jing Lin, Xiyun Cai Key Laboratory
More informationFrom Atoms to Cells: Fundamental Building Blocks. Models of atoms. A chemical connection
From Atoms to Cells: A chemical connection Fundamental Building Blocks Matter - all materials that occupy space & have mass Matter is composed of atoms Atom simplest form of matter not divisible into simpler
More informationMetabolite: substance produced or used during metabolism such as lipids, sugars and amino acids
Metabolomica Analisi di biofluidi mediante spettroscopia NMR Michael Assfalg Università di Verona Terminology Metabolite: substance produced or used during metabolism such as lipids, sugars and amino acids
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information (ESI) for the article entitled:
Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) for the article entitled: ICP-S-assisted nanohplc-electrospray /time-of-flight S/S selenopeptide mapping in Brazil nuts by ihaly Dernovics, Pierre Giusti and
More informationCarboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives
arboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives Families ontaining the arbonyl Group Family Y Z Y Z aldehyde or ketone carboxylic acid or -- ester or -- acid halide or -F,-l,-Br,-I acid anhydride or amide or -N
More informationMetabolite identification in metabolomics: Database and interpretation of MSMS spectra
Metabolite identification in metabolomics: Database and interpretation of MSMS spectra Jeevan K. Prasain, PhD Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, UAB jprasain@uab.edu utline Introduction Putative
More informationSupporting Information. for
Supporting Information for Syntheses, Structures and Properties of thenium Complexes of Tridentate Ligands: Isolation and Characterization of a Rare Example of thenium itrosyl Complex Containing {O} 5
More informationPRACTICE PROBLEMS CHEMISTRY
PRATIE PRBLEMS EMISTRY G ame: Batch: Date: 1. Which nitrogen in LSD is most basic: 1 2 3 3 ( 2 5 ) 2 (A) 1 2 () 3 All are equally basic 2. Which of the following statement for 2 = 2, 2 = 3 2 is / are correct.
More informationProtein Analysis using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectroscopy *
OpenStax-CNX module: m38341 1 Protein Analysis using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectroscopy * Wilhelm Kienast Andrew R. Barron This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons
More informationFood protein powders classification and discrimination by FTIR spectroscopy and principal component analysis
APPLICATION NOTE AN53037 Food protein powders classification and discrimination by FTIR spectroscopy and principal component analysis Author Ron Rubinovitz, Ph.D. Thermo Fisher Scientific Key Words FTIR,
More informationNoninvasive Blood Glucose Analysis using Near Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy. Abstract
Progress Report No. 2-3, March 31, 1999 The Home Automation and Healthcare Consortium Noninvasive Blood Glucose Analysis using Near Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy Prof. Kamal Youcef-Toumi Principal Investigator
More informationLecture 20. Herman Emil Fischer Nobel Prize 1902 Sugars, Esters and Purines. April 4, Chemistry 328N
Lecture 20 April 4, 2019 Herman Emil Fischer 1852-1919 Nobel Prize 1902 Sugars, Esters and Purines Acid-catalyzed Esterification (also called Fischer esterification) CH CH 3 H H H 2 CCH 3 Please study
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Green Chemistry. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Electronic Supplementary Information A mineralogically-inspired silver-bismuth hybrid material:
More informationOzonolysis of phospholipid double bonds during electrospray. ionization: a new tool for structure determination
Ozonolysis of phospholipid double bonds during electrospray ionization: a new tool for structure determination Michael C. Thomas, Todd W. Mitchell, Stephen J. Blanksby Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical
More informationPolarization and Circular Dichroism (Notes 17)
Polarization and Circular Dichroism - 2014 (Notes 17) Since is vector, if fix molec. orient., E-field interact (absorb) with molecule differently when change E-orientation (polarization) Transitions can
More informationDiploma Unit B - Element B7 - Physical agents 2 - Radiation February RMS Publishing. Fourth Edition November 2013
NEBOSH DIPLOMA IN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Licence details RMS Publishing Victoria House, Lower High Street, Stourbridge DY8 1TA RMS Publishing. Unit B Hazardous agents in the workplace Fourth Edition
More informationDetailed Syllabus. Waves and Modern Physics Spring 2011
Detailed Syllabus Waves and Modern Physics Spring 2011 Prof. Antonio Badolato Date Lecture Topics; Chapters from Books (G = Giancoli) Homework (HW) and Recitation (R) Assignments 12 Jan, Wed Oscillations:
More informationMALDI Imaging Drug Imaging Detlev Suckau Head of R&D MALDI Bruker Daltonik GmbH. December 19,
MALDI Imaging Drug Imaging Detlev Suckau Head of R&D MALDI Bruker Daltonik GmbH December 19, 2014 1 The principle of MALDI imaging Spatially resolved mass spectra are recorded Each mass signal represents
More informationCHAPTER-6 IDENTIFICATION, AND CHARACTERISATION OF DEGRADATION IMPURITY IN VALSARTAN TABLETS
129 CHAPTER-6 IDENTIFICATION, AND CHARACTERISATION OF DEGRADATION IMPURITY IN VALSARTAN TABLETS 130 6.1. Introduction Valsartan is an orally active specific angiotensin II blocker effective in lowering
More informationOregon State University
H 223 Worksheet 9 Notes Oregon State University 1. Draw a primary alcohol and name it. OH 1-propanol Note: A primary alcohol has the form RH 2 OH; a secondary alcohol has the form R 2 H OH; and a tertiary
More informationANALYSIS OF MICROSTRUCTURE OF FUMED SILICA REINFORCED POLYESTER COMPOSITES
International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET) Volume 6, Issue 7, July (2015), pp. 32-38, Article ID: Article ID: 20120150607005 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/currentissue.asp?jtype=ijaret&vtype=6&itype=7
More informationCarboxylic Acids. The Importance of Carboxylic Acids (RCO 2 H)
Carboxylic Acids The Importance of Carboxylic Acids (RCO 2 H) Starting materials for acyl derivatives (esters, amides, and acid chlorides) Abundant in nature from oxidation of aldehydes and alcohols in
More informationChapter 8. Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation
Chapter 8 Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Learning Objectives By the end of the chapter the reader will be able to: Define the terms ionizing radiation and nonionizing radiation State the differences
More informationPenicilloic acids are the major degradation products of penicillins and are formed by alkaline
VOL. XXXVII NO. 1 THE JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS 33 POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE ION FAST ATOM BOMBARDMENT MASS SPECTRA OF SOME PENICILLOIC ACIDS JOHN LEVESON GOWER, GERALD D. RISBRIDGER and MICHAEL J. REDRUP Beecham
More informationAPPLICATION OF FTIR-ATR SPECTROSCOPY FOR DETERMINATION OF GLUCOSE IN HYDROLYSATES OF SELECTED STARCHES
RESEARCH PAPERS FACULTY OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN TRNAVA SLOVAK UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY IN BRATISLAVA 10.2478/rput-2013-0019 2013, Volume 21, Special Number APPLICATION OF FTIR-ATR SPECTROSCOPY
More informationMass Spectral Fragmentation Studies of Coumarin-Type Compounds Using GC High-Resolution MS
The Open Analytical Chemistry Journal, 2011, 5, 27-36 27 Open Access Mass Spectral Fragmentation Studies of Coumarin-Type Compounds Using GC High-Resolution MS Viorica Lopez-Avila * and George Yefchak
More informationIdentification of novel endophenaside antibiotics produced by Kitasatospora sp. MBT66
SUPPORTING INFORMATION belonging to the manuscript: Identification of novel endophenaside antibiotics produced by Kitasatospora sp. MBT66 by Changsheng Wu 1, 2, Gilles P. van Wezel 1, *, and Young Hae
More informationReversible Formation of Ag 44 from Selenolates
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Supporting information for the paper Reversible Formation of Ag 44 from Selenolates Indranath
More informationBiological Mass spectrometry in Protein Chemistry
Biological Mass spectrometry in Protein Chemistry Tuula Nyman Institute of Biotechnology tuula.nyman@helsinki.fi MASS SPECTROMETRY is an analytical technique that identifies the chemical composition of
More informationChemistry 14C Spring 2018 Second Midterm Exam Page 1
Chemistry 14C Spring 2018 Second Midterm Exam Page 1 Begin this exam by gently removing the last two pages. Nothing on these pages will be graded. These pages will be discarded prior to grading. Please
More informationChapter 10. Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives. Naming Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives. Carboxylic Acids: RCOOH (RCO 2 H)
Chapter 10 Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives Naming Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives Carboxylic Acids: RCH (RC 2 H) The functional group of a carboxylic acid is a carboxyl group (carbonyl & hydroxyl group)
More informationSupporting Information. Magnetic Field and Chirality Effects on Electrochemical Charge Transfer Rates: Spin. Dependent Electrochemistry
Supporting Information Magnetic Field and Chirality Effects on Electrochemical Charge Transfer Rates: Spin Dependent Electrochemistry Prakash Chandra Mondal, 1 Claudio Fontanesi, 1,2 David H. Waldeck,
More informationInfluence of Curing Protocol of Benzoxazine Monomer based on Aromatic Diamines against the Degradation Behaviour of the Resulted Polybenzoxazines
Influence of Curing Protocol of Benzoxazine Monomer based on Aromatic Diamines against the Degradation Behaviour of the Resulted Polybenzoxazines CORINA ANDRONESCU, PAUL OCTAVIAN STÃNESCU*, SORINA ALEXANDRA
More informationIntroduction to the Course and the Techniques. Jeffry R. Alger, PhD Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center Department of Neurology
Introduction to the Course and the Techniques Jeffry R. Alger, PhD Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center Department of Neurology (jralger@ucla.edu) CTSI Neuroimaging April 2014 Rationale for the Course
More informationIon Source. Mass Analyzer. Detector. intensity. mass/charge
Proteomics Informatics Overview of spectrometry (Week 2) Ion Source Analyzer Detector Peptide Fragmentation Ion Source Analyzer 1 Fragmentation Analyzer 2 Detector b y Liquid Chromatography (LC)-MS/MS
More information