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1 Results Validation: Reproducibility Figure S1. Reproducibility of the results of small-world parameters. Differences in topological properties of functional brain networks between bulimia nervosa (BN) patients and healthy control (HC) subjects, which were obtained after head motion scrubbing, use of 1024-nodes parcellation, and weighted networks. These results were obtained by comparing the area under curve (AUC) for each topological parameter between groups across the density range of 10%~34%. Error bars denote standard deviations. Cp, clustering coefficient; γ, normalized clustering coefficient; Lp, shortest path length; λ, normalized shortest path length; ROI, region of interest. 1
2 Figure S2. Reproducibility of the results of nodal strength measures. The major results of nodal strength (nodal degree or efficiency) were reproducible with weighted networks (A), head-motion scrubbing (B), and 1024-nodes atlas (C). The results were obtained by comparing the area under curve (AUC) for each topological parameter between groups across the density range of 10%~34%. BN, bulimia nervosa; HC, healthy control; ROI, region of interest. 2
3 Table S1. Regions of interest. Index Region Abbreviation Index Region Abbreviation 1,2 Superior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral SFGdor 47,48 Middle frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBmid 3,4 Middle frontal gyrus MFG 49,50 Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBinf 5,6 Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGoperc 51,52 Superior frontal gyrus, medial orbital ORBsupmed 7,8 Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFGtriang 53,54 Gyrus rectus REC 9, 10 Rolandic operculum ROL 55,56 Insula INS 11,12 Supplementary motor area SMA 57,58 Anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri ACG 13,14 Superior frontal gyrus, medial SFGmed 59,60 Median cingulate and paracingulate gyri DCG 15,16 Cuneus CUN 61,62 Posterior cingulate gyrus PCG 17,18 Lingual gyrus LING 63,64 Parahippocampal gyrus PHG 19,20 Superior occipital gyrus SOG 65,66 Temporal pole: superior temporal gyrus TPOsup 21,22 Middle occipital gyrus MOG 67,68 Temporal pole: middle temporal gyrus TPOmid 23,24 Inferior occipital gyrus IOG 69,70 Olfactory cortex OLF 25,26 Fusiform gyrus FFG 71,72 Hippocampus HIP 27,28 Superior parietal gyrus SPG 73,74 Amygdala AMYG 29,30 Inferior parietal, but supramarginal and IPL 75,76 Caudate nucleus CAU angular gyri 31,32 Supramarginal gyrus SMG 77,78 Lenticular nucleus, putamen PUT 33,34 Angular gyrus ANG 79,80 Lenticular nucleus, pallidum PAL 35,36 Precuneus PCUN 81,82 Thalamus THA 37,38 Paracentral lobule PCL 83,84 Precentral gyrus PreCG 39,40 Superior temporal gyrus STG 85,86 Calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex CAL 41,42 Middle temporal gyrus MTG 87,88 Postcentral gyrus PoCG 43,44 Inferior temporal gyrus ITG 89,90 Heschl gyrus HES 45,46 Superior frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBsup 3
4 Table S2. Topological properties of brain graphs used in the current study. Parameters Characters Descriptions Global network properties Clustering coefficient Cp The capability of local clustering of a network Characteristic path length Lp The average shortest path length between any pairs of nodes in a network Gamma γ The normalization of Cp divided by those of comparable random networks Lambda λ The normalization of Lp divided by those of comparable Regional nodal properties random networks Degree centrality The number (or sum of weights) of connections connected directly to a node Nodal efficiency The efficiency of information transfer over a node s direct neighbors 4
5 Table S3. Regions showing altered nodal strength in the bulimia nervosa patients as compared with healthy controls obtained by two-sample t tests. Brain regions p values Nodal degree Nodal efficiency Bulimia nervosa > Healthy control Left precental gyrus Right postcentral gyrus Left superior occipital gyrus Right superior occipital gyrus Left middle occipital gyrus Right middle occipital gyrus Left cuneus Left lingual gyrus Right lingual gyrus Right inferior temporal gyrus Left heschl gyrus Right precuneus Bulimia nervosa < Healthy control Right middle frontal gyrus, orbital Left olfactory cortex Left hippocampus Left parahippocampal gyrus Right parahippocampal gyrus Left insula Left amygdala Left putamen Left thalamus
6 Note: Regions were considered abnormal in the bulimia nervosa patients if they exhibited significant between-group differences (p<0.05, uncorrected) in at least one nodal metric (node degree and efficiency) (shown in bold font). 6
7 Table S4. Regions showing altered nodal strength in the bulimia nervosa patients as compared with healthy controls obtained by nonparametric permutation tests. Brain regions p values Nodal degree Nodal efficiency Left precental gyrus Right postcentral gyrus Left superior occipital gyrus Right superior occipital gyrus Left middle occipital gyrus Right middle occipital gyrus Left cuneus Left lingual gyrus Right lingual gyrus Right inferior temporal gyrus Left heschl gyrus Right precuneus Bulimia nervosa < Healthy control Right middle frontal gyrus, orbital Left olfactory cortex Left hippocampus Left parahippocampal gyrus Right parahippocampal gyrus Left insula Left amygdala Left putamen Left thalamus
8 Note: Regions were considered abnormal in the bulimia nervosa patients if they exhibited significant between-group differences (p<0.05, uncorrected) in at least one nodal metric (node degree and efficiency) (shown in bold font). 8
9 Table S5. The specific pairs of intrinsic functional connectivity showing significant differences between the bulimia nervosa patients and healthy controls. Bulimia nervosa > Healthy control Within primary sensorymotor system Right precental gyrus-right calcarine fissure Left calcarine fissure-leftpostcentral gyrus Right calcarine fissure- left postcentral gyrus Left calcarine fissure-right postcentral gyrus Right calcarine fissure-right postcentral gyrus Right calcarine fissure-left heschl gyrus Primary sensorymotor - Unimodal association Left calcarine fissure-right rolandic operculum Right calcarine fissure-right rolandic operculum Left calcarine fissure-left cuneus Right calcarine fissure-left cuneus Left calcarine fissure-rightcuneus Right calcarine fissure-right cuneus Left calcarine fissure-left superior occipital gyrus Right calcarine fissur-left superior occipital gyrus Right calcarine fissure-right superior occipital gyrus Left calcarine fissure-right middle occipital gyrus Right calcarine fissure-right middle occipital gyrus Right calcarine fissure-right fusiform gyrus Left postcentral gyrus-right lingual gyrus Right postcentral gyrus-left cuneus Right postcentral gyrus-left lingual gyrus Right postcentral gyrus-right lingual gyrus Left heschl gyrus-right lingual gyrus Left heschl gyrus-left paracentral lobule Bulimia nervosa < Healthy control Primary sensorymotor - Subcortical system Left precental gyrus-left caudate Left postcentral gyrus-left caudate Right postcentral gyrus-left caudate Left precental gyrus-right caudate Left postcentral gyrus-right caudate Left postcentral gyrus- leftputamen Right postcentral gyrus-left putamen Left precental gyrus-left thalamus Left calcarine fissure-left thalamus Left postcentral gyrus-left thalamus Left precental gyrus-right thalamus Left postcentral gyrus-right thalamus Unimodal association - Subcortical system Left cuneus-left putamen Left superior occipital gyrus-left putamen Left inferior occipital gyrus-left putamen, Right inferior occipital gyrus -left putamen, Left fusiform gyrus -left putamen, Left superior occipital gyrus-right putamen Left superior occipital gyrus-left lenticular nucleus, pallidum Left lingual gyrus-left thalamus Right lingual gyrus-left thalamus Left superior occipital gyrus-left thalamus Left inferior occipital gyrus-left thalamus Right inferior occipital gyrus-left thalamus 9
10 Within unimodal association system Left cuneus-left lingual gyrus Left cuneus-left superior occipital gyrus Right cuneus-left superior occipital gyrus Left lingual gyrus-left superior occipital gyrus Left cuneus-right superior occipital gyrus Right cuneus-right superior occipital gyrus Left cuneus-right superior occipital gyrus Right superior occipital gyrus-right middle occipital gyrus Primary sensorymotor - Heteromodal association Right precental gyrus-left precuneus Right precental gyrus-right precuneus Left heschl gyrus-left precuneus Left heschl gyrus-right precuneus Unimodal association-heteromodal association Left rolandic operculum-left precuneus Right rolandic operculum-left precuneus Left superior temporal gyrus-left precuneus Right superior temporal gyrus-left precuneus Within heteromodal association system Left supplementary motor area-right precuneus Left fusiform gyrus-left thalamus Right fusiform gyrus-left thalamus Right paracentral lobule-left thalamus Left cuneus-right thalamus Right cuneus-right thalamus Left lingual gyrus-right thalamus Left superior occipital gyrus-right thalamus Right middle occipital gyrus-right thalamus Left inferior occipital gyrus -right thalamus Left fusiform gyrus-right thalamus Right fusiform gyrus-right thalamus Right superior parietal gyrus-right thalamus Primary sensorymotor - Limbic system Left postcentral gyrus-left hippocampus Left postcentral gyrus-right hippocampus Unimodal association - Paralimbic system Left cuneus-left anterior cingulate Left cuneus-right anterior cingulate Right cuneus-left anterior cingulate Right cuneus-right anterior cingulate Unimodal association - Limbic system Left cuneus-right amygdala Right cuneus-right amygdala Left superior occipital gyrus-left amygdala Left superior occipital gyrus-right amygdala Primary sensorymotor - Paralimbic system Right calcarine fissure-left anterior cingulate Right calcarine fissure-right anterior cingulate Within paralimbic system Left middle frontal gyrus, orbital-left parahippocampal gyrus 10
11 Right middle frontal gyrus, orbital-left parahippocampal gyrus Right gyrus rectus-left parahippocampal gyrus Right middle frontal gyrus, orbital-right parahippocampal gyrus Paralimbic - Subcortical system Left temporal pole: middle temporal gyrus-left thalamus Right temporal pole: middle temporal gyrus-left thalamus Left parahippocampal gyrus-left thalamus Paralimbic - Limbic system Left parahippocampal gyrus-right olfactory cortex Right parahippocampal gyrus-left olfactory cortex Right parahippocampal gyrus-right olfactory cortex Within unimodal association system Left cuneus-right angular gyrus Unimodal association - Heteromodal association Right superior parietal gyrus-right inferior parietal gyrus 11
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