Basic immunology. Lecture 7. Innate immunity, pattern recognition. Péter Engelmann
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1 Basic immunology Lecture 7. Innate immunity, pattern recognition Péter Engelmann
2 Different levels of the immune response Recognition molecules of the innate immunity
3 The levels of host defense Anatomical barriers Innate immunity, inflammation Adaptive immunity J Allergy Clin Immunol ;125:S24 S32.
4 The levels of host defense Anatomical barriers Innate immunity, inflammation Adaptive immunity J Allergy Clin Immunol ;125:S24
5 I. First line of defense: anatomic barriers 1. Mechanical defense 2. Slightly acidic environment 3. Normal (commensal) microorganisms 4. Antimicrobial factors in the body fluids, on the skin / in the gut. 5. Cilia Janeway CA Jr, Travers P, Walport M, Shlomchik MJ. Immunobiology, 2005.
6 Antimicrobial peptides I Defensin Cathelicidin Nat Rev Immunol ;3: Cell Tissue Res ;343:
7 Antimicrobial peptides II
8 The role of epithelial barriers Defensins, cathelicidins Mast cells, IEL: γδ T cells Abbas, Lichtman, Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology 7th Edition, 2012.
9 II. Second line of defense: innate immunity, phagocytes, inflammation Phagocytosis Antibody/ complement Ab / C receptor 1. Phagocytes in the blood and tissues. 2. Soluble proteins (immunglobulin and complement), bind to microbe surface (opsonisation) to enhace the phagocytosis.
10 Functions of innate immunity The first line of defense against infections-local Localisation of microbes and inhibits their spreading The effector mechanisms of innate immunity aid the adaptive immunity to eliminate the pathogens Activate and influence the adaptive immunity
11 III. The third line of defense: adaptive immunity Humoral immunity Phagocytes Cellular immunity B cell T helper cell Activation Activation Cytotoxic T cell Antibody production Infected cell Memory cell
12 The kinetics of innate and adaptive immune response Abbas, Lichtman, Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology 7th Edition, 2012.
13 Different levels of the immune response Recognition molecules of innate immunity
14 Recognition of pathogens, phagocytosis PRR= Pattern Recognition Receptors Binding to the PAMPS of microbes PAMP= Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns Janeway CA Jr, Travers P, Walport M, Shlomchik MJ. Immunobiology, 2005.
15 Process of phagocytosis Abbas, Lichtman, Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology 7th Edition, 2012.
16 Reactive oxygen/nitrogen intermediers Owen, Punt, Stranford : Kuby Immunology 7th Edition, 2013.
17 Phagocyte receptors Abbas, Lichtman: Cellular and Molecular Immunology 5th Edition, 2005.
18 Pattern recognition receptors Toll-like receptors (TLR) NOD-like receptors (NLR) RIG-like receptors (RLR) Abbas, Lichtman, Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology 7th Edition, 2012.
19 Main groups of pattern recognition receptors Abbas, Lichtman, Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology 7th Edition, 2012.
20 Pattern recognition receptors: Toll-like receptors (TLR) Abbas, Lichtman, Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology 7th Edition, Trends in Biochemical Sciences 2009; 34:
21 Pattern recognition receptors: NOD-like receptors (NLR) NOD: Nucleotide oligomerization domain Abbas, Lichtman, Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology 7th Edition, 2012.
22 Pattern recognition receptors: RIG-like receptors (RLR) Abbas, Lichtman, Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology 7th Edition, 2012.
23 Soluble pattern recognition molecules I Collectin (MBL, SP-A, SP-D): C- type lectin domain Ficolin: Fibrinogen domain Abbas, Lichtman, Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology 7th Edition, 2012.
24 Soluble pattern recognition molecules II: pentraxins C-reactive protein- CRP Murphy. Janeway s Immunobiology, 8th Edition,2012. J Biol Chem Nov 19;279(47):
25 Clinical significance of C-reactive protein Risk of infection, sepsis level CRP test, complete blood count, blood culture Then start Antibiotics treatment CRP 48 hr CRP >10 mg/l, Continue antibiotics therapy CRP at 7 days CRP <10 mg/l & blood culture negative Discontinue antibiotic treatment CRP <10 mg/l: discontinue antibiotic treatment CRP >10 mg/l: reevaluate (new blood count, change antibiotics)
26 Specificity of innate and adaptive immunity Abbas, Lichtman, Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology 7th Edition, 2012.
27 Vaccination and the role of adjuvants NOD-like receptor EMBO Mol Med. 2009;1: 92-8.
28 Nobel Laureates in 2011 for medicine and physiology Jules A. Hoffmann Bruce A. Beutler Ralph M. Steinmann
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