Sexually Transmitted Diseases
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1 Sexually Transmitted Diseases The bad news there are many, and they can maim or kill you The good news you can effectively avoid them
2 Definition: Disease you can get from intimate contact, primarily sex. Alternate routes Mother to child (intrauterine or nursing) Transfusion (blood is now tested) First aid/health care (w/o gloves etc.) IV drug use
3 Why Are There STDs? It's a good route of transmission for a pathogen: Warm, wet, protected Good chance of reaching the right host
4 Main STDs today: Chancroid Chlamidia Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Genital warts Gonorrhea Hepatitis B Herpes HIV/AIDS HPV (human papilloma virus) Molluscum contagiosum PID Pubic lice (crabs) Scabies (skin mite) Syphilis Trichomoniasis (protozoan) Viruses in black, bacteria in blue, other in green
5 Details on the Internet MANY good sites:
6 About 50% of Americans experience at least one STD infection in their lifetimes. In many parts of the world infection is even more common.
7
8 About 50% of sexually active people will get an STD by the age of 25. Each year, 1 in 4 teens contracts an STD. Estimated 1 in 5 Americans has herpes, up to 90% aren't aware that they have it.
9 WHY? Ignorance Denial Squeamishness Carelessness Deceit (How comfortable would you be telling a potential sweetheart that you have herpes? Really?)
10 And... Very often, there are no symptoms. Fewer than 1/3 of American doctors routinely screen for STDs you have to ask.
11 How to Get Them Any contact that involves bodily fluids: semen, saliva, blood. Unsafe sex Providing health care - Transfusions banked blood is now tested in the US and Europe IV drugs It only takes one exposure.
12 How to Get Them Risk goes up with More partners Promiscuous or drug-using partners Poverty and some ethnic groups Casual sex Less safe activities HOWEVER you can avoid all of these and still get an STD if you don't use protection.
13 But not... Think about it to get an STD from a toilet seat, the pathogen has to Get there Not dry up (which only takes about 10 minutes) And then get to a moist part of your body or into your bloodstream. NOT LIKELY. You get STDs from people, not potties.
14 No sex, no drugs Safe sex: Condoms How to Avoid Them Other barriers (dental dams, gloves) Spermicides also kill many pathogens Seek medical help for anything suspicious Hepatitis B and HPV: vaccine
15 How to Avoid Them: Women
16 How to Avoid Them Do ask, do tell: have the conversation with potential partners
17 Symptoms Sores, bumps, rash, swelling on genitals (sometimes thighs, mouth) Itching or burning unusual discharge Frequent/painful urination Pain on intercourse Bleeding
18 Symptoms However, maybe most of the time, THERE AREN'T ANY!!!! or symptoms go away on their own (for a while).
19 Really. No Symptoms For MOST of the diseases in the above list, many people display no symptoms at all. HIV can be invisible but infective - for many years. Herpes is invisible, and possibly not infective, between outbreaks. And on and on...
20 Most serious HIV no cure, no vaccine, eventually fatal Syphilis, if not treated early, can cause all kinds of damage, including sterility, blindness, insanity, and death HPV causes cervical cancer PID (pelvic inflammatory disease) can develop as a consequence of several other STDs and can cause sterility and death
21 Most serious Sterility (via PID): Gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamidia Liver damage: hepatitis B Transmission to children: HIV, syphilis, herpes Incurable HIV, herpes, hep B, HPV Hep B usually goes away by itself, but 10% of people become lifelong silent carriers
22 Treatments...vary. Most can be cured by drugs (though there are resistant strains). Genital warts minor surgery/freezing. Lice over-the-counter and prescription meds, laundry and cleaning
Sexually Transmitted Diseases This publication was made possible by Grant Number TP1AH from the Department of Health and Human Services,
Sexually Transmitted Diseases This publication was made possible by Grant Number TP1AH000081-01-01 from the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Adolescent Health; its contents are solely
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