STI S SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS

Transcription

1 STI S SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS

2 Mandatory teaching in the State of Utah We teach Abstinence prior to marriage Regarding STI/HIV, most teens think that Talking about STI/HIV prevention is.. What issues, concerns, or problems about STIs and HIV do teenagers face?

3 1 in 4 sexually active teens will contract a STI by the time they reach age 21. You can have more than one STI at once You can not develop an immunity to STI s Most STI s cause no immediate symptoms, and most victims don t know they have it and are passing it on Highest Risk Group - Teens age Teens reluctant to notify partners of infection You can get an STI from vaginal, anal (genitals to the anus, or oral sex (genitals to mouth) and from skin to skin contact without having sex. If One person has an STI, his or her sexual partner will also get the same infection STI s contracted during pregnancy can harm or kill the fetus

4 What does Abstinence mean? What does lowering your inhibitions mean and what causes someone to lower their inhibitions? Common Complications of STI s Sterility PID, blocking of fallopian tubes

5 SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS Viral vs Bacterial Bacterial: Syphilis, Gonorrhea, Chlamydia Viral: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), Genital Herpes, Hepatitis B, HIV Other: Trichomonas, Scabies, Pubic Lice

6 SYPHILIS Cause: Bacteria (Treponema pallidum) Transmission: Sexual contact (oral, anal or vaginal), from mother to fetus, contact with saliva from infected person, direct contact with rash or chancre. Incubation: days Diagnosed by: Blood test Treatment: Antibiotics for prescribed period of time. All partners must be treated at the same time. Possible complications: Excess tissue growths and disfigurement. Damage to brain, heart, eyes, teeth, lungs, and nervous system. Psychosis, Paralysis, Death. Chancre: Painless, red, wet sore that does not cause pain. Woman may not know she has it. Disappears in 3-5 wks

7 SECONDARY SYPHILIS Painless rash on the body May have nausea, weight loss, mild fever and general muscle aches. Swelling of lymph nodes Symptoms may come and go for up to 2 years. Hair loss from the scalp, eyebrows, and pubic area. Rash is contagious if touched

8 GONORRHEA Cause: Bacteria (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) Symptoms: Women vaginal discharge, pain, burning upon urination, bleeding between periods. Men profuse penile discharge, painful and frequent urination. Sore throat if orally contracted Transmission: Sexual contact (vaginal, oral, anal), mother to fetus, direct contact between open mucus membranes. Incubation: 2-7 days Diagnosed by: Culture of discharge. Urine testing test DNA of bacteria. Treatment: Antibiotics for prescribed period of time. (now getting some resistant strains). Must treat all partners at the same time.

9 GONORRHEA

10 CHLAMYDIA Chlamydia is the most common of all STI s seen in the United States 4 million people are infected each year Teens age years have the highest rate of infection 1 in 10 adolescent girls test positive It is usually seen in conjunction with another STI Cause: Bacteria Chlamydia Trachomatis Symptoms: Women many have no symptoms. Could have white, clear, or grey vaginal discharge, painful urination, bleeding between periods. Men urethral discharge, burning or itching around the penis. Pain or swelling in testicles. 50% of infected males have no symptoms.

11 CHLAMYDIA

12 HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS-1 Cause: Virus (herpes simplex) Symptoms: Causes Cold sores or fever blisters. Appears around the mouth, lips, or nose. Transmission: Can be passed from person to person by eating utensils, towels, razors, kissing someone with a cold sore, and oral sex.

13 HERPES SIMPLEX-2 Cause: Virus (herpes simplex-2) Symptoms: Itching and/or painful sores on the genital area that are red. Turns into a watery blister and forms a scab in 3-4 days. Very painful! The first outbreak is the worst. Sores can appear 2-21 days after exposure. The whole genital area is very tender or painful and lymph glands in the groin swell. Flu like symptoms may occur.

14 GENITAL HERPES SIMPLEX 2 Transmission: Direct skin to skin contact, Sexual contact (oral, vaginal, anal) and mother to baby Can be spread sexually when there are no visible signs or symptoms. Can not get from toilet seat. Incubation: 2-12 days Diagnosed by: viral culture Treatment: No cure! Treatment for suppression and symptoms only.

15 HERPES SIMPLEX-2

16 HPV-GENITAL WARTS Cause: Virus (human papillomavirus) Transmission: Direct skin to skin contact, sexual contact (vaginal, anal), transmitted from an infected mother to her baby during childbirth. Incubation 2-3 months but can be 5-10 years. Diagnosed by: Health Care Provider exam Treatment: No Treatment! Cosmetic treatment only. New warts will appear. Most common STI in United States. Can cause normal cells to turn abnormal and could lead to cancer over time

17 GENITAL WARTS (HPV) Symptoms: Small, hard, skin colored warts. May be itchy May look like tiny cauliflowers May grow bigger and multiply. May block anal, urethral, or vaginal opening.

18 GENITAL WARTS (HPV) Treatment: Chemical treatment Freezing Electrocautery Laser Surgery Gardasil Vaccine: given in series of 3 shots.

19 HEPATITIS B Cause: Hepatitis B virus infecting the liver Transmission: 1. Sexual intercourse with an infected person 2. Blood to Blood contact 3. By an infected mother to her unborn baby. Incubation: days (average days) Virus can be spread several weeks before symptoms appear. Diagnosed by a blood test. 100 times more infectious than HIV Causes, weakness, loss of appetite, nausea, fatigue, headache, muscle or bone pain, Jaundice

20 HEPATITIS B Complications: Liver failure Liver Cancer High Death Rate A chronic carrier (you can pass it to others) There is no treatment for Hepatitis B yet. Vaccination for Hep B Given at Birth. Series of 3 Shots

21 HEPATITIS B

22 HIV/AIDS ACRONYMS HIV H Human I ImmunoDeficiency V Virus AIDS A Acquired I Immuno D Deficiency S Syndrome HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. AIDS is a result of HIV infection. HIV infection can be prevented. HIV is not spread through everyday casual contact. People cannot get HIV when they give blood.

23 HIV TRANSMISSION: Sexual Contact with an infected person Blood to Blood Contact Sharing needles with an infected person Mother to child Over time HIV disease damages the body's immune system, allowing people to get life threatening infections. When the body's immune system is severely damaged by HIV, an AIDS diagnosis is likely to be made. A diagnosis of AIDS means that a person with HIV has an extremely low level of helper T cells, or has certain illnesses. Only a health care provider can make a diagnosis of AIDS.

24 FACT OR FICTION Only homosexual men get HIV. An infant can get HIV from breast milk. Once you test positive for HIV, you will die immediately. HIV results are kept strictly confidential. You can get HIV from receiving a blood transfusion. Utah does not have any HIV/AIDS cases.

25 PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN THE WORLD 30.8 million adults worldwide (2009) 2.5 million children worldwide (2009) 2/3 of new infections are between men and women. 90% of newly infected children were born to HIV infected mothers. Orphans (age 0-17) due to AIDS 16.6 million (Avert.org Worldwide HIV & AIDS Statistics Nov. 2007)

26 HIV AND AIDS IN UTAH 2551 Documented AIDS cases (2010) 1189 Deaths from AIDS (2009) 1062 people were diagnosed with HIV 2 were teenagers (13-19) 17 were young adults (20-24) 6 HIV positive mothers gave birth+7 HIV pos. women were pregnant. Only one a known drug user. 16 kids with AIDS, 12 kids with HIV infected by mom. (Utah State Health Dept. 2009)

27 KEY POINTS HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. HIV infection can be prevented. HIV is not spread through everyday casual contact. People cannot get HIV when they give blood.

28 THE BEST WAYS TO PREVENT HIV Don t have sex. You can become infected even from one sexual experience. Practice total Abstinence until you are in a monogamous relationship. Don t shoot drugs. Don t share needles, syringes, razors or toothbrushes. Don t use drugs or alcohol. They can keep you from thinking clearly and cause you to make unwise decisions.

29 SCABIES Cause: A mite that burrows into top layer of skin. Symptoms: May have intense itching and rash caused by scabies leaving fecal trails under the skin. May appear between fingers. Transmission: Close contact with an infested person, infested clothing, towels, bedding. Incubation: Usually notice symptoms within 1 week. Diagnosis: Health Care Provider Exam.

30 SCABIES Treatment: Prescription Medicated Lotion Complications: Scarring can occur from scratching. When large areas on the body are affected by scabies it causes crusted scabies. These area hide thousands of mites and eggs and makes treatment difficult.

31 PUBIC LICE (CRABS) Symptoms: Intense itching. Red rash in pubic area. Tiny gray insects crawling in the pubic hair. Nits clinging to pubic hair shafts. Transmitted by direct contact with infected person, bedding or clothing. Treatment: lotions, cleaning.

32 WHERE TO GET INFORMATION Your parents American Red Cross Weber Morgan Health Department Your Health Care Provider School Nurse Teacher Aids Hotline