HIV/AIDS in East Asia

Transcription

1 HIV/AIDS in East Asia Yonsei University Graduate School of Global Health Sohn, Myong Sei

2 Epidemiology

3 Global summary of the AIDS epidemic, 2008 Number of people living with HIV in 2008 Total Adults Women (aged 15 and above) Children under 15 years 33.4 million [ million] 31.3 million [ million] 15.7 million [ million] 2.1 million [ million] People newly infected with HIV in 2008 AIDS-related deaths in 2008 Total 2.7 million [ million] Adults 2.3 million [ million] Children under 15 years [ ] Total 2.0 million [ million] Adults 1.7 million [ million] Children under 15 years [ ]

4 Global estimates for adults and children, 2008 People living with HIV New HIV infections in 2008 Deaths due to AIDS in million [ million] 2.7 million [ million] 2.0 million [ million]

5 Regional HIV and AIDS statistics and features, 2008 Sub-Saharan Africa Middle East & North Africa South and South-East Asia East Asia Latin America Caribbean Eastern Europe & Central Asia Western & Central Europe North America Oceania TOTAL Adults & children living with HIV 22.4 million [ million] [ ] 3.8 million [ million] [ million] 2.0 million [ million] [ ] 1.5 million [ million] [ ] 1.4 million [ million] [ ] 33.4 million [ million] Adults & children newly infected with HIV 1.9 million [ million] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] 3900 [ ] 2.7 million [ million] Adult prevalence (15 49) [%] 5.2 [ ] 0.2 [< ] 0.3 [ ] <0.1 [<0.1] 0.6 [ ] 1.0 [ ] 0.7 [ ] 0.3 [ ] 0.6 [ ] 0.3 [< ] 0.8 [< ] Adult & child deaths due to AIDS 1.4 million [ million] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] 2000 [ ] 2.0 million [ million] The ranges around the estimates in this table define the boundaries within which the actual numbers lie, based on the best available

6 Adults and children estimated to be living with HIV, 2008 North America 1.4 million [ million] Caribbean [ ] Latin America 2.0 million [ million] Western & Eastern Europe Central Europe & Central Asia [ ] Middle East & North Africa [ ] Sub-Saharan Africa 22.4 million [ million] 1.5 million [ million] South & South-East Asia East Asia 3.8 million [3.4 Oceania 4.3 million] [ ] [ million] Total: 33.4 million ( million)

7 Estimated number of adults and children newly infected with HIV, 2008 North America [ ] Caribbean [ ] Latin America [ ] Western & Eastern Europe Central Europe & Central Asia [ ] Middle East & North Africa [ ] Sub-Saharan Africa 1.9 million [ million] [ ] East Asia South & South-East Asia [ Oceania ] 3900 [ ] [ ] Total: 2.7 million ( million)

8 Estimated adult and child deaths due to AIDS, 2008 North America [ ] Caribbean [ ] Latin America [ ] Western & Eastern Europe Central Europe & Central Asia [ ] Middle East & North Africa [ ] Sub-Saharan Africa 1.4 million [ million] [ ] South & South-East Asia [ Oceania ] East Asia 2000 [ ] [ ] Total: 2.0 million ( million)

9 Children (<15 years) estimated to be living with HIV, 2008 North America <100 [<100] Caribbean [ ] Latin America [ ] Western & Eastern Europe Central Europe & Central Asia <100 [<100] Middle East & North Africa [ ] Sub-Saharan Africa 1.8 million [ million] [ ] East Asia [ ] South & South-East Asia [ Oceania ] 1500 [< ] Total: 2.1 million ( million)

10 Estimated number of children (<15 years) newly infected with HIV, 2008 North America <100 [<100 <200] Caribbean 2300 [ ] Latin America 6900 [ ] Western & Eastern Europe Central Europe & Central Asia <100 [<100 <200] Middle East & North Africa 4600 [ ] Sub-Saharan Africa [ ] 3700 [ ] East Asia 3200 [ ] South & South-East Asia [11 Oceania ] <500 [<500 <1000] Total: ( )

11 Estimated deaths of children (<15 years) due to AIDS, 2008 North America <100 [<100 <200] Caribbean 1300 [< ] Latin America 3900 [ ] Western & Eastern Europe Central Europe & Central Asia <100 [<100 <200] Middle East & North Africa 3300 [ ] Sub-Saharan Africa [ ] 1400 [< ] East Asia 1500 [< ] South & South-East Asia [4900 Oceania ] <100 [<100 <500] Total: ( )

12 Over 7400 new HIV infections a day in 2008 More than 97% are in low- and middle-income countries About 1200 are in children under 15 years of age About 6200 are in adults aged 15 years and older, of whom: almost 48% are among women about 40% are among young people (15 24)

13 2008 global HIV and AIDS estimates Children (<15 years) Children living with HIV 2.1 million [ million] New HIV infections in [ ] Deaths due to AIDS in [ ]

14 Challenges

15 (Millennium Development Goals) Reducing HIV/AIDS is a vital component to achieve MDG

16 Major Challenges Reduce sexual transmission of HIV Prevent mothers from dying and babies from becoming infected Ensure that people living with HIV receive Anti-Retroviral Treatment Protect drug users from becoming infected

17 Major Challenges Must ensure that people with HIV/AIDS regardless of their sexual behavior have access to treatment Remove punitive laws, policies, practices, stigmata and discrimination Prevent people living with HIV from dying of tuberculosis

18 Major Challenges Must empower young people to protect themselves from HIV Enhance social protection for people affected by HIV

19 Future Directions

20 Collective Efforts WHO Global Strategic Framework - Enhance sustainable health sector response to HIV/AIDS State Nations - National action for prevention and increased access to treatment Global Partnership

21 Emergence of Global Partnerships Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Partners Working towards the common goal of expanding access to health

22 Thank You