ORAL LESIONS AND THE SELF REPORTED QUALITY OF LIFE IN YEAR OLD PATIENTS ATTENDING THE COMPREHENSIVE CARE

Transcription

1 ORAL LESIONS AND THE SELF REPORTED QUALITY OF LIFE IN YEAR OLD PATIENTS ATTENDING THE COMPREHENSIVE CARE CENTRE AT KENYATTA NATIONAL HOSPITAL V28/ BACHELOR OF DENTAL SURGERY (BDS III) A community dentistry research proposal submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor of Dental Surgery, University of Nairobi. 2014

2 DECLARATION I CHEGE JACKLINE WANGARI declare that this is my original work and has not been submitted by any other person of research purpose, degree or any other purpose. Signature Date ii

3 APPROVAL I CHEGE JACKLINE WANGARI wish to submit my research proposal for ethical approval to the Kenyatta National Hospital! University of Nairobi Research Ethics and Standards Committee for approval. Signature ~..' Date ~~I.?.!.I.~f.. This proposal has been submitted with our approval as University of Nairobi supervisors: 1. Prof Francis. G. Macigo BDS (Nbi), MPH (Nbi), PGD-STl (Nbi), FlCD Department Of Periodontology I Community and Preventive Dentistry, School Of Dental Sciences, The University Of Nairobi. Signatu~ Date./..9/.p.1.i?VI if 2. Dr Elizabeth Dimba BDS (Nbi) PhD (Norway) FRB (Canada) Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Oral pathology and Oral medicine. School of Dental Sciences, University of Nairobi. Signature 'H~Date/J:()~'H:l!;) It." iii

4 TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION APPROVAL TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS ii iii iv vi CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW INTRODUCTION LITERATURE REVIEW '" Oral candidiasis Periodontal disease '" Oral hairy leukoplakia Oral Ulceration : Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS), Salivary gland diseases Oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) and instruments Social impact of HlV/AlDS associated oral lesions Effect of Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART) 9 CHAPTER TWO: STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM AND JUSTIFICATION STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY OBJECTIVES General objective Specific objectives HyPOTHESIS VARIABLES 12 CHAPTER 3: MATERIALS AND METHODS STUDY AREA STUDY POPULATION STUDY DESIGN SAMPLE SIZE DETERMINATION SAMPLING METHODS INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA 15 iv

5 3.6.1 Inclusion criteria Exclusion criteria DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENTS AND TECHNIQUES RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY DATA QUALITY CONTROL DATA ANALySIS ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS PERCEIVED BENEFITS STUDY LIMITATIONS 17 SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITY 18 BUDGET 19 REFERENCES 21 APPENDIX 1: QUESTIONNAIRE 24 APPENDIX 2: CLINICAL EXAMINATION FORM 28 APPENDIX 3: LETTER SEEKING ETHICAL BOARD CONSENT 29 v

6 ABBREVIATIONS KNH Kenyatta National Hospital UoN University of Nairobi BDS Bachelor of Dental Surgery HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome PLWHA OHIP OHRQoL People Living With HIV/AIDS Oral Health Impact Profile Oral Health Related Quality of Life HAART Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment vi

7 SUMMARY Background: Oral lesions are cornmon in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Some oral manifestations have been documented as early markers of HIV infection and as predictors of disease progression. More than 50% of people infected with HIV experience oral lesions at least once during the course of the disease and have been shown to have a negative impact on the oral health related quality of life. Few researches have looked at the social impacts of oral conditions among people living with HIV/AIDS. This study will provide research into the -impact of HIV/AIDS associated lesions on the Oral Health related Quality of Life among patients attending the Comprehensive Care Centre at Kenyatta National Hospital. Objective: to describe the perceived impact of oral lesions on the self-reported Oral Health Related Quality of Life among patients attending the Comprehensive Care Centre at KNH. Study design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Study site: The Comprehensive Care Centre at Kenyatta National Hospital Study population: Participants will consist of 124 HIV-positive patients aged between years. Materials and methods: A systematic oral examination will be used to record the presence or absence of HIV-related lesions. A self-administered questionnaire will be used to determine participants' socio-demographic characteristics, medical and dental history as well as access to dental care. It will include items adapted from the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP), which measures the OHRQoL. Data will be analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 16.0 and Microsoft office excel 2007 and presented in form of text, tables and graphs. Study benefits: Assessment of the priorities for oral health care in HIV/AIDS patients can be improved.data collected can be used to formulate dental care programs directed towards patients attending the Comprehensive Care Centre. The study will also help to draw attention to the importance of oral disease as part of general health. vii