Maggot Therapy. Bio 3323 Entomology. Teacher : Jon G. Houseman. Department of Biology. University of Ottawa
|
|
- Melvin Blankenship
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Maggot Therapy ` By Bio 3323 Entomology Teacher : Jon G. Houseman February 9, 2004 Department of Biology University of Ottawa
2 Maggot Therapy BBC journalist Georgina Kenyon describes the new fad in British hospitals of using fly larvae for cleaning non-healing infected wounds in her article entitled Maggot medicine gains popularity. According to Kenyon, the maggots are one of the most effective ways of treating wounds infected by drug-resistant bacteria and non-healing leg ulcers. The four-page article explains the positive effects of using maggots, very briefly touching how they feel on the body and how they disinfect the wound. Kenyon doesn t mention the history behind this bizarre treatment but did write almost a page on how Alan Hughes, a 60-year-old patient of Dr. Walker, thinks they re great just like a maggot sandwich! History The use of maggots for wound cleaning was first observed on the battlefield during the Napoleonic, American Civil and World Wars where military surgeons observed that the wounds of soldiers infected with maggots healed better than soldiers with similar wounds not infested (Beasley and Hirst 2004). They were often used in the 1920s and 30s in North America and Europe before the emergence of effective antibiotics and lost it s popularity with the increase availability of antibiotics in the 1940s (Beasley and Hirst 2004). In the 1990s, maggot therapy reappeared due to antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains (Handwerk 2003). Today, more and more doctors are using maggot therapy also called biosurgery or Maggot Debridement Therapy (MDT) but a lot of them are still very sceptical.
3 How they work Kenyon very briefly explains how the maggots secrete proteolytic enzymes to break down dead tissues but she neglected to mention how they disinfect the wound. Maggots work by secreting proteolytic enzymes such as collagenase, trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like enzymes that will catalyze the breakdown of macromolecules on the wound surface, which will then be ingested by the larvae (Beasley and Hirst 2004). In other words, the insect will first dissolve dead tissue by secreting digestive juices and then they ll ingest the liquefied tissues infected with bacteria. As they feed, they disinfect the wound by killing the bacteria as they pass through the digestive tract. They also secrete antibacterial compounds produce by the gut and finally but not the least they will initiate the formation of a serous exudates by the wound, cause by their movement, that promotes wound cleansing and dilution of bacterial concentration (Beasley and Hirst 2004). Kenyon wrote that the larvae chosen for medical purposes are usually of the green blow fly variety (Lucilia (Phaenicia) sericata) because this species only feeds on necrotic tissue. This is true but they are also the larvae of choice because they don t invade internal organs and they act quickly on the wound. They are easy to sterilize and will also change the ph of the wound from acid to alkaline making the wound a less desirable environment for bacteria (Brocklesby 2002). The increase in the ph is due to the ammonia and other agents found in the secretion of the maggots (Mercola 2004). Other varieties
4 such as Cochliomyia macellaria, Chrysomya megacephala and Lucilia cuprina cannot be used as they cause malign myiasis although L. cuprina has already been used with success which means that we might see other success stories in the near future with the other two types (Brocklesby 2002). Kenyon mentions that the maggots used in hospitals are sterile but what are the consequences if the hospitals fail to deliver? It s important to understand that serious infection complication can result if the maggots are not free of pathogens. A recent study showed that when maggots used in debridement therapy were not germ-free, 5 out of the 24 patients observed (21%) developed a bloodstream infection due to the contaminated maggots (Nuesch and Ilg 2002). The sterilization process is explained in details in the article written by Nuesch and llg. A 20% glucose solution and fresh bovine liver is fed to the maggots in the sterilization process to induce oviposition (Nuesch and llg 2002). Oviposition is important in larvae because they lack teeth and in order to break down tissue they need a pair of hooks (Beasley and Hirst 2004). Maggots are only considered as an alternative therapy when two or three other conventional medical or therapy fails. They are mostly applied to foot and leg ulcers, burns and post-operative wounds that are infected. Five to ten maggots will then be applied on each square centimetre of a wound with a protective dressing over it (Handwerk 2003). The dressing needs to be light enough to permit the entry of air so the maggots don t suffocate and also because the necrotic tissue should be able to drain out through the dressings (Sherman 1996).
5 When the maggots are first applied they are approximately two millimetres in size and at the time of removal, 48 to 72 hours later, they are about ten millimetres (Handwerk 2003). There is no chance of the larvae turning into flies in your wound since it takes up to seven days to pupate (Scott, 1997). No feeling? Kenyon mentions in her article that most patients do not report any feeling of the maggots on their skin. It is true in most cases but some patients do experience a tickling or itching sensation or feel the maggots crawling on their skin and some feel pain. The pain can be related to the increase in the larvae s size explains Handwerk, which makes it more difficult for them to squeeze into tight crevices. Another explanation, also due to an increase in their size, is that they crawl over the nerves, which results in pain. The pain can be controlled with light medication or by the removal of the maggots. Use of maggots in treating wounds with hospital-acquired pathogens Kenyon wrote about the efficacy of maggots in treating wounds infected with Methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) antibiotic-resistant bacteria causing infection that could lead to pneumonia in some cases. An in vitro study done by Dr. Steve Thomas, Princess of Wales Hospital, Bridgend, UK, showed that maggots kill or inhibit the growth of S Aureus and of group A and B streptococci but no effect was observed against Escherichia coli and Proteus spp (Mercola 2000). Thomas also treated five lesions infected with MRSA and of the
6 five, all came back MRSA-negative, but these results were never published (Mercola 2000). Thomas also quotes that these findings are consistent with clinical observations that maggots can combat infections in a variety of wound types, including those infected with antibiotic-resistant strains", (Mercola 2000). But after an elaborate study done by Nuesch & al, they concluded that yes they (maggots) may have a particular role in eliminating MRSA an other acquired hospital pathogens, although large scale randomized, controlled trials with adequate follow-up are needed to confirm these suspicions. In conclusion, the author mentioned some important facts of MDT in her article but always failed to give references that would give credit to her writing. Kenyon put all the emphasis on how some patients felt about maggot therapy and almost nothing on the scientific aspect of the treatment.
7 Bibliography Beasley, W.D., Hirst, G. Making a meal of MRSA the role of biosurgery in hospital-acquired infection Journal of Hospital Infection 56 (2004): 6-9. Brocklesby, Sarah. MRSA, macrophages and maggots (Clinical Review). The Diabetic Foot 22 March 2002 < Handweck, Brian. Medical Maggots Treat As They Eat. National Geographic 24 October 2003 < Mercola, Dr.Joseph. Home page. 15 October 2000 < Nuesch, R., Rahm, G., Rudin, W., Steffen, I., Frei, R., Rufli, T., Zimmerli, W. Clustering of Bloodstream Infections during Maggot Debridement Therapy Using Contaminated Larvae of Protophormia terraenovae. Infection 30 (2002): Scott, David. The Return of Maggot Therapy. The Daily Telegraph BASF 1997 < Sherman, Ronald. Home page. January 1996 < Sherman, Ronald A., Sherman, Julie, Gilead, Leon, Lipo, Mordechai, Mumcuoglu, Kosta Y. Maggot débridement therapy in outpatients. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 82 (2001):
Making healing possible. Patients & Carers Guide Answers to your common questions
Making healing possible Patients & Carers Guide Answers to your common questions If you are reading this, it is likely that you are considering larval therapy as part of a course of wound treatment. This
More informationThe beneficial effects of maggots have been known for. The antimicrobial activity of maggots: in-vivo results RESEARCH PAPER
97_101_JTV_Maggots 24/6/04 12:13pm Page 1 The antimicrobial activity of maggots: in-vivo results P Steenvoorde 1, GN Jukema 2 1 Section of Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical
More informationA longevity comparison in forensically important male flies (Fabricius) (Diptera:Calliphoridae)
A longevity comparison in forensically important male flies (Fabricius) (Diptera:Calliphoridae) Jakalynne Gosnell and Dr. Adrienne Brundage Edited by Kishan Patel Abstract: Blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
More informationSterilisation of Lucilia cuprina Wiedemann maggots used in therapy of intractable wounds
Tropical Biomedicine 22(2): 185 189 (2005) Sterilisation of Lucilia cuprina Wiedemann maggots used in therapy of intractable wounds Mohd Masri, S., Nazni, W.A., Lee, H.L., T. Rogayah, T.A.R. and Subramaniam,
More informationSafety, effectiveness and economic aspects of maggot debridement therapy for wound healing
Original Article Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI) Iran University of Medical Sciences Safety, effectiveness and economic aspects of maggot debridement therapy for wound healing Jalal
More informationAntibacterial properties of larval secretions of the blowfly, Lucilia sericata
Medical and Veterinary Entomology () 9, SHORT COMMUNICATION Antibacterial properties of larval secretions of the blowfly, Lucilia sericata A. KERRIDGE, H. LAPPIN-SCOTT and J. R. STEVENS Medilarv Ltd, Innovation
More informationThe efficacy of maggot debridement therapy a review of comparative clinical trials
REVIEW ARTICLE The efficacy of maggot debridement therapy a review of comparative clinical trials Kian Zarchi, Gregor BE Jemec Zarchi K, Jemec GBE. The efficacy of maggot debridement therapy a review of
More informationABSTRACT Maggot therapy is a type of bio- therapy involving the introduction of live, disinfected maggots (fly
INTERNATIONAL AYURVEDIC MEDICAL JOURNAL International Ayurvedic Medical Journal, (ISSN: 2320 5091) (August, 2017) 5(8) SUSHRUTA: THE PIONEER OF MAGGOT THERAPY- A REVIEW Abhishek S L 1, Siddayya Aradhyamath
More informationUnderstanding Debridement of Sores
Understanding Debridement of Sores Introduction Some sores have trouble healing on their own. Sores that will not heal are also known as wounds or chronic wounds. A chronic wound is a sore that is having
More informationDebridement: treatment, options and selection.
This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Independent Nurse, copyright MA Healthcare, after peer review and technical editing by the publisher.
More informationUnderstanding Debridement of Sores
Understanding Debridement of Sores Introduction Some sores have trouble healing on their own. Sores that will not heal are also known as wounds or chronic wounds. A chronic wound is a sore that is having
More informationCOMPARISON OF CURING COSTS BETWEEN MAGGOT AND CONVENTIONAL THERAPIES FOR CHRONIC WOUND CARE
2 1 COMPARISON OF CURING COSTS BETWEEN MAGGOT AND CONVENTIONAL THERAPIES FOR CHRONIC WOUND CARE Suwannee Eamkong*, Sathirakorn Pongpanich and Chanapong Rojanaworarit College of Public Health Sciences,
More informationLarval Debridement Therapy Making healing possible
Larval Debridement Therapy Making healing possible What is Larval Debridement Therapy (LDT)? The term Larval Debridement Therapy describes the use of maggots, precisely the larvae of the green bottle blowfly
More informationTopical antimicrobials (antiseptics) Iodine, Silver, Honey
Topical antimicrobials (antiseptics) Iodine, Silver, Honey Iodine Honey Silver Enzymatic debridement Proteolytic enzyme, also called Proteinase Proteinase breaks the long chainlike molecules of proteins
More informationUnderstanding Debridement
Understanding Debridement Figure 1. Wound Healing Process Wound Blood Clot Blood Blood Vessel Fat Tissue The wound in the skin exposes deep tissue layers to the air. Scab Scab Exudate Granulation Tissue
More informationApplication of native excretory /secretory products from third larval instar of Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera:Calliphoridae) on an artificial wound
Application of native excretory /secretory products from third larval instar of Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera:Calliphoridae) on an artificial wound 1* Nancy Taha, 2 Afaf Abdel-Meguid, 1 Ahmed El-ebiarie
More informationInteresting Case Series. Furuncular Myiasis of the Scalp
Interesting Case Series Furuncular Myiasis of the Scalp Saptarshi Biswas, MD, FRCS and Patrick McNerney, MS Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Forbes Regional Hospital, Allegheny Health Network,
More informationSmall living organism Not visible to the naked eye Must be viewed under a microscope Found everywhere in the environment, including on and in the
Small living organism Not visible to the naked eye Must be viewed under a microscope Found everywhere in the environment, including on and in the human body Many Microorganisms are part of normal flora
More informationStaph Infection Fact Sheet
What is Staphylococcus aureus (staph)? Staphylococcus aureus, often referred to simply as staph, are bacteria commonly carried on the skin or in the nose of healthy people. Approximately 25% to 30% of
More informationUlcer Treatment with n Chromosome Royal Jelly. Hossein Yeganehrad Caspian Apiaries
Ulcer Treatment with n Chromosome Royal Jelly Hossein Yeganehrad Caspian Apiaries Introduction Stomach ulcers are mostly caused by the bacteria. Helicobacter pylori. n chromosome is the name given to royal
More informationChapter 4 Inflammation and Infection
Chapter 4 Inflammation and Infection Defense Mechanisms Three lines of defense protect the body against foreign invasion: Physical or surface barriers Inflammation Immune response Inflammation Non-specific
More informationCLINICAL GUIDELINES FOR LARVAL THERAPY (MAGGOTS)
CLINICAL GUIDELINES FOR LARVAL THERAPY (MAGGOTS) Introduction The use of maggots for wound debridement has a long history and the introduction of sterile maggots specifically bred for wound management
More informationForensic Entomology. Application of the study of insects and their arthropod relatives to the legal system.
Murder and Maggots Forensic Entomology Application of the study of insects and their arthropod relatives to the legal system. 3 areas of Forensic Entomology Urban Entomology Legal proceedings involving
More informationInternational Journal of Integrative Biology A journal for biology beyond borders ISSN
Report International Journal of Integrative Biology A journal for biology beyond borders ISSN 0973-8363 Antibacterial activity of Lucilia cuprina maggot extracts and its extraction techniques Shuchi Arora
More information(NATO STANAG 2122, CENTO STANAG 2122, SEATO STANAG 2122)
(NATO STANAG 2122, CENTO STANAG 2122, SEATO STANAG 2122) Bacteria Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled forms of plant life, containing no chlorophyll. They live on the skin, on the surface of the stratum
More informationBIO-THERAPEUTICS EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
BIO-THERAPEUTICS EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION 36 Urey Court, Irvine, CA 92617 ~ Phone: 949-275-8315 ~ Fax: 949-679-3001 ~ www.bterfoundation.org Advancing Healthcare through Education & Research in
More informationChapter. Introduction
Chapter 1 Introduction Introduction A long history of maggot therapy Maggot-therapy is a medical curiosity that has had little influence on the course of modern medicine. 2 This statement might have been
More informationMaggot therapy in Pretoria, South Africa: an update
Maggot therapy in Pretoria, South Africa: an update Herman J C du Plessis, MBChB, MMed(Sur)(Pret), FCS(SA), FACS Professor of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria
More informationI n the twenty first century, when modern
REVIEW Larval therapy from antiquity to the present day: mechanisms of action, clinical applications and future potential Iain S Whitaker, Christopher Twine, Michael J Whitaker, Mathew Welck, Charles S
More informationBIS TIME management by medicinal larvae Dr. Wilhelm Jung
Infoservice Larval Therapy up-to-date BIS TIME management Dr. Wilhelm Jung Making healing possible BIS TIME management Original publication: TIME management Pritchard D.I., Cerovsky V., Nigam Y., Pickles
More informationOptional Test: Calculations of PMI using ADH
Optional Test: Calculations of PMI using ADH FS 14 Objective: To model the activities of a forensic entomologist and use math and science skills to determine a more accurate PMI. The scenarios you worked
More informationFour Main Actions Of Maggots On Wounds
InfectionControl.tips Join. Contribute. Make A Difference. https://infectioncontrol.tips The Maggots: Professional Wound Cleaners By: Michael A.B. Naafs Edited by: Dr. Uyen Nguyen Reviewed by: Andrew Duong
More informationArglaes provides a seven-day, non-cytotoxic barrier against infection
Arglaes provides a seven-day, non-cytotoxic barrier against infection Arglaes Controlled-Release Silver Technology Reduce bioburden with Arglaes Silver Barrier Dressings Antimicrobial Arglaes began the
More informationB2: NATURAL SELECTION (PART 2)
B2: NATURAL SELECTION (PART 2) Learning Objectives Understand examples of natural selection (all) Understand how new species can evolve from genetic isolation (most) Success Criteria Successfully provide
More informationChapter 21 NUTRITION AND DIGESTION
Chapter 21 NUTRITION AND DIGESTION Stages of Food Processing 1. Ingestion: The act of eating. Usually involves placing food in mouth or oral cavity. 2. Digestion: Macromolecules in food (fats, proteins,
More informationMEDIZIN& PRAXIS. Vacutex an effektive debridement procedure for the treatment of decubitus. Decubitus. Special. A. Probst
RE PRINT MEDIZIN& PRAXIS Special Decubitus Vacutex an effektive debridement procedure for the treatment of decubitus Copyright 2017 by Verlag für MEDIZINISCHE PUBLIKATIONEN Bernd von Hallern Vogelsang
More informationThose Pathogens, What You Should Know
Those Pathogens, What You Should Know Ted F. Beals, MS, MD Short 1 We are at war over our Food Most of us here are convinced that what we eat, and why we choose is our responsibility, not the responsibility
More informationLarval therapy was first discovered to have the ability. Larval therapy applied to a large arterial ulcer: an effective outcome
Larval therapy applied to a large arterial ulcer: an effective outcome Linda Rafter Abstract This article is a review of larval therapy and includes a case study that uses larval therapy in the treatment
More informationMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus for Athletes What YOU Need to Know
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus for Athletes What YOU Need to Know Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Outbreaks of skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus resistant
More informationKamaruddin MY.,Anwar S., Zainabe SA and Mohd Yassim MY Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur MALAYSIA
Kamaruddin MY.,Anwar S., Zainabe SA and Mohd Yassim MY Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur MALAYSIA ANTIBACTERIAL SYSTEM IN HONEY THE ANTIBACTERIAL SYSTEM 1993 HIGH SUGAR CONCENTRATION
More informationNormal Flora. CLS 212: Medical Microbiology
Normal Flora CLS 212: Medical Microbiology Relationships between Organisms Symbiosis Permanent association between two different organisms. Neutralism Two organisms living together, and neither is affected
More informationLarval debridement therapy (LDT)
Meeting report Appropriate use of larval debridement therapy in diabetic foot management: consensus recommendations Paul Chadwick, Joanne McCardle, Elaine Ricci, Duncan Stang, Stella Vig Recent evidence
More informationMRSA The Facts. Staphylococcus aureus MRSA. Staphylococcus aureus, often referred to simply as "staph," What is Staphylococcus aureus?
MRSA SOME FACTS This leaflet is written to provide information to anyone who may be going to use the health service in Glasgow and Clyde or who just wishes to know more about Meticillin resistant Staphylococcus
More informationULTRA & GABARDINO 20/20 LARGE Silpure treatment ANTIBACTERIAL
ANTIBACTERIAL Bacteria are Every Where! The naked eye cannot see the dangers of bacteria growing on our clothes. In laboratory tests it was discovered that bacteria multiplied, at an alarming rate, on
More information4. Which sentence is a
1 Read the text and then answer the questions. Your body does a lot of things amazingly well. But as incredible as your body is, it can still be attacked by germs. Germs can invade your body, and until
More informationChronic wounds need an ideal microenvironment. NEXODYN TM can support the physiological healing process.
Chronic wounds need an ideal microenvironment. can support the physiological healing process. Wound microenvironment of chronic wounds represents a major therapeutic challenge¹ The most relevant factors
More informationPathogens and disease
Pathogens and disease Task 1: Have a go at completing the exam questions for 35 minutes. Task 2: Review the mark scheme and touch up on the areas we need to work on. Pathogens and disease Pathogens: Microorganisms
More informationUse of Sterile Maggots in Wound Management Policy
Use of Sterile Maggots in Wound Management Policy This procedural document supersedes: PAT/T 11 v.4 Policy for the Use of Sterile Maggots in Wound Management Did you print this document yourself? The Trust
More informationIntroduction. Crowded environments where the air is re-circulated can often be heavily infected with unseen germs and viruses.
Introduction The continued increase in urbanisation,, population growth and global travel means germs and viruses can spread faster and further than ever before. Air, sea, rail and road travel have never
More informationBlowfly Strike (cutaneous myiasis, maggots)
Blowfly Strike (cutaneous myiasis, maggots) Phil Scott DVM&S BVM&S CertCHP DSHP DipECBHM FRCVS Cause Blowfly strike in the UK results in the opportunistic invasion of living tissues by the larvae of Lucilia
More informationInformation on Staphylococcal Infections For Day Care Administrators and Care Givers
Information on Staphylococcal Infections For Day Care Administrators and Care Givers Antibiotic resistant-bacteria currently pose a significant health threat. A person in your daycare facility may have
More informationAnimal Nutrition Human Digestion
Animal Nutrition Human Digestion 2006-2007 What do animals need to live? Animals make energy using: food food oxygen Animals build bodies using: food for raw materials amino acids, sugars, O fats, nucleotides
More informationEpidemiology and Risk of Infection in outpatient Settings
Module C Epidemiology and Risk of Infection in outpatient Settings Statewide Program for Infection Control and Epidemiology (SPICE) UNC School of Medicine Objectives Discuss the infectious process through
More informationEpidemiology and Risk of Infection in outpatient Settings
Module C Epidemiology and Risk of Infection in outpatient Settings Statewide Program for Infection Control and Epidemiology (SPICE) UNC School of Medicine Objectives Discuss the infectious process through
More informationDIGESTION SBI 3C: NOVEMBER 2010
DIGESTION SBI 3C: NOVEMBER 2010 DIAGRAM OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: Mouth Esophagus Liver Gallbladder Large Intestine Appendix Stomach Pancreas Small Intestine Rectum Anus STAGES OF DIGESTION: 1. INGESTION Taking
More informationThe Chain of Infection
The Chain of Infection As healthcare professionals, it is important to understand two facts about infection: 1.The various ways infection can be transmitted. 2. The ways the infection chain can be broken.
More informationMulti-Center Clinical Results with PluroGel PSSD in Chronic Wounds
Multi-Center Clinical Results with PluroGel PSSD in Chronic Wounds Presented at a Satellite Symposium during the European Wound Management Association (EWMA) 2012 24 May 2012 Vienna, Austria Multi-Center
More informationNext Generation in Acne treatment. A new approach in Acne Treatment. GramaDerm. Advanced Acne Vulgaris Management with Microcyn Technology
Next Generation in Acne treatment A new approach in Acne Treatment GramaDerm Advanced Acne Vulgaris Management with Microcyn Technology Did you know? 85% of young people between the ages of 12 and 24 years
More informationConsider the possibility of pressure ulcer development
Douglas Fronzaglia II, DO, MS LECOM Institute for Successful Aging LECOM Institute for Advanced Wound Care and Hyperbaric Medicine Consider the possibility of pressure ulcer development 1 Identify ulcer
More informationThe use of maggot debridement therapy in 41 equids
bs_bs_banner The use of maggot debridement therapy in 41 equids O. M. LEPAGE*, A. DOUMBIA #, M. F. PERRON-LEPAGE and M. GANGL Université de Lyon, Lyon, France VetAgro Sup, Veterinary Campus of Lyon, Equine
More informationTopical antimicrobial agents in wound care. Professor Val Edwards-Jones Manchester Metropolitan University UK
Topical antimicrobial agents in wound care Professor Val Edwards-Jones Manchester Metropolitan University UK Antimicrobial agents Antibacterial agents Antifungal agents Antiviral agents Antiparasitic agents?others
More informationTHE OHIO JOURNAL OF SCIENCE
THE OHIO JOURNAL OF SCIENCE VOL. XXXII JANUARY, 1932 No. 1 THE TREATMENT OF OSTEOMYELITIS (INFECTION OF BONE) WITH FLY LARV^.* DAVID F. MILLER, CHARLES A. DOAN AND E. HARLAND WILSON. The disease known
More informationResistant Starch for a Healthy Gut
Resistant Starch for a Healthy Gut Experience Life Resistant Starch for a Healthy Gut Heather Rogers March 2016 Long underappreciated, resistant starch is a friendly carb component that delivers healthy
More information2008 American Medical Association and National Committee for Quality Assurance. All Rights Reserved. CPT Copyright 2007 American Medical Association
Chronic Wound Care ASPS #1: Use of wound surface culture technique in patients with chronic skin ulcers (overuse measure) This measure may be used as an Accountability measure Clinical Performance Measure
More information(a) (i) Which type of cells ingest and kill invading microbes? (lines 3-4) ... (1)
Q1. Read the following passage. The immune system is the body s defence force. It protects against infections which might enter the body. The potential invaders include bacteria and viruses. The two basic
More informationGrade 2: Historical Lesson Lesson 8: Louis Pasteur, Andrew Taylor Still, and the Digestive System
Grade 2: Historical Lesson Lesson 8: Louis Pasteur, Andrew Taylor Still, and the Digestive System Objectives: Students will obtain information about the discoveries and contribution made by Louis Pasteur
More informationThe Digestive System
The Digestive System Key words Pharynx oesophagus stomach intestine epiglottis gall bladder Pancreas peristalsis liver enzyme rectum sphincter Pyloric duodenum jejunum ileum bile lipase Amylase trypsin
More informationI. Heat production in maggot masses formed by forensically important flies
I. Heat production in maggot masses formed by forensically important flies II. Abstract Death of a terrestrial vertebrate animal triggers intense competition among insects for use of the resource. A criminal
More informationMRSA: Implications in Sports Medicine
MRSA: Implications in Sports Medicine Staphylococcus aureus, often referred to as staph, are bacteria commonly carried on the skin or in the nose of healthy people Staphylococcus Aureus Occasionally, staph
More informationA Retrospective, Quality Improvement Review of Maggot Debridement Therapy Outcomes in a Foot and Leg Ulcer Clinic
Feature A Retrospective, Quality Improvement Review of Maggot Debridement Therapy Outcomes in a Foot and Leg Ulcer Clinic Noreen Campbell, BScN, MA, LT, CWS; and Donna Campbell, RN Abstract Maggot debridement
More informationModule Four: The GI System Module Five: The Gut Microbiome. The GI System. LLiana Shanti, CN
Module Four: The GI System Module Five: The Gut Microbiome The GI System LLiana Shanti, CN www.healthmasteryinstitute.com Review Review Review The Gut Hippocrates has been quoted as saying death sits in
More informationDEBRIDEMENT. Professor Donald G. MacLellan Executive Director Health Education & Management Innovations
DEBRIDEMENT Professor Donald G. MacLellan Executive Director Health Education & Management Innovations DEBRIDEMENT Principles - CSD Methods of Debridement Biopsy options PRINCIPLES OF WOUND MANAGEMENT
More informationHuman Digestion. Junior Science
Human Digestion Junior Science True or False The word stomach comes from the Greek meaning Throat. Butterflies in the stomach have nothing to do with the stomach. It is possible to live without your stomach.
More informationLearning Targets. The Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract. Also known as the alimentary canal. Hollow series of organs that food passes through
Digestion the multistep process of breaking down food into molecules the body can use Learning Targets Describe the path food takes through the digestive system. Identify the major organs of the digestive
More informationClinical observation study in 624 patients confirms good efficacy and tolerability
Treatment of infected and infection-prone wounds with Atrauman Ag Clinical observation study in 624 patients confirms good efficacy and tolerability Wound management Summary More than 600 patients with
More informationThe Human Microbiome Christine Rodriguez, Ph.D. Harvard Outreach 2012
The Human Microbiome Christine Rodriguez, Ph.D. Harvard Outreach 2012 Microbes are all over us Page 1 of 22 There are millions of microbes per square inch on your body Thousands of different species on
More informationInfection, Detection, Prevention...
Infection, Detection, Prevention... A disease is any change that disrupts the normal function of one or more body systems. Non infectious diseases are typically caused by exposure to chemicals or are inherited.
More informationProtocol for the Use of Sterile Larvae in Wound Management
Protocol for the Use of Sterile Larvae in Wound Management Approved by: CHS Clinical Policy Group and Clinical Quality and Governance Committee On: 10 August 2009 Review Date: 31 July 2011 Directorate
More informationphagocytic leukocyte Fighting the Enemy Within Immune System lymphocytes attacking cancer cell lymph system
Fighting the Enemy Within phagocytic leukocyte Immune System lymphocytes attacking cancer cell lymph system AP Biology 2006-2007 Avenues of attack Points of entry digestive system respiratory system urinary
More informationInterleukin-20 is associated with delayed healing in diabetic wounds
Interleukin-20 is associated with delayed healing in diabetic wounds Phillip Finley, PhD Integrated and Applied Sciences Program Biology and Statistics/Research Methodology Normal Healing Body s natural
More informationElkins School District
Elkins School District Alternate Method of Instruction (AMI) AMI Day # 2 School Name Teacher Name Subject / Course Name Assignment Description Elkins High School Ms. Ramsey Environmental Science ONLINE:
More informationMAINTAINING HOMEOSTASIS - PRACTICE TEST
Name: Date: 1. Which sequence of terms is in the correct order from simplest to most complex? (1) cells tissues organs organ systems (2) tissues organisms cells organ systems (3) cells tissues organ systems
More informationHOW DO WORMS GET IN FOOD?
ACTIVITY 3 HOW DO WORMS GET IN FOOD? EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVES AND CONTENT In this activity, students learn about the process of metamorphosis in certain insects. ESSENTIAL KNOWLEDGE Matter: Characteristics
More informationUnit 17: Anthropology Notes
Unit 17: Anthropology Notes I. Forensic Anthropology A. The study of skeletonized human remains and their time of death to try to establish the identity and cause of death of an individual. B. Can possibly
More informationBiacid: A EU approved natural growth promoter for Broilers
Biacid is a blend of calcium salts of organic acids and essential oils. Through the optimal combination of calcium salts of organic acids and essential oils, it enhances broiler microflora within the gut
More informationGUIDE TO INFECTION CONTROL IN THE HOSPITAL. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae
GUIDE TO INFECTION CONTROL IN THE HOSPITAL CHAPTER 47: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae Authors E-B Kruse, MD H. Wisplinghoff, MD Chapter Editor Michelle Doll, MD, MPH) Topic Outline Key Issue Known
More informationChapter 17. Vocabulary. Name Class Date
Chapter 17 Vocabulary digestion bile nephrons absorption indigestion ureters elimination heartburn bladder mastication hiatal hernia urethra peristalsis appendicitis cystitis gastric juices peptic ulcer
More informationDRESSING SELECTION. Rebecca Aburn MN NP Candidate
DRESSING SELECTION Rebecca Aburn MN NP Candidate Should be individually tailored in conjunction with the patient to meet their individual needs. WOUND MANAGEMENT: Comprehensive health assessment Wound
More informationEWMA Educational Development Programme. Curriculum Development Project. Education Module. Wound Infection
EWMA Educational Development Programme Curriculum Development Project Education Module Wound Infection Latest revision: February 2014 ABOUT THE EWMA EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME The Programme is designed
More informationMicrobiology / Active Lecture Questions Chapter 15 / Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity 1 Chapter 15 / Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity
1 2 The removal of plasmids reduces virulence in which of the following organisms? a. Clostridium tetani b. Escherichia coli c. Staphylococcus aureus d. Streptococcus mutans e. Clostridium botulinum 3
More informationMedical/Surgical Asepsis. Presented by: Cynthia Bartlau, RN, PHN, MSN
Medical/Surgical Asepsis Presented by: Cynthia Bartlau, RN, PHN, MSN Objectives At the completion of this lesson the student will be able to Discuss concepts related to the chain of infection Differentiate
More informationMRSA: A TEAM APPROACH
Eric Bosley, MD Laura Stadler, MD John MD J h Draus, D MRSA: A TEAM APPROACH PART I: OUTPATIENT ISSUES AND MANAGEMENT NOT REQUIRING I&D OR HOSPITALIZATION Eric L. Bosley, MD, FAAP Pediatric Associates,
More informationRN Cathy Hammond. Specialist Wound Management Service at Nurse Maude Christchurch
RN Cathy Hammond Specialist Wound Management Service at Nurse Maude Christchurch 14:00-14:55 WS #141: Wound Infection - What You Need to Know 15:05-16:00 WS #153: Wound Infection - What You Need to Know
More informationGalen ( A.D) Advanced Wound Dressing
Galen (120-201A.D) Advanced Wound Dressing Wounds heal optimally in a moist environment นพ.เก งกาจ ว น ยโกศล Wound assessment Ideal wound dressing Type of wound Clinical appearance Wound location Measurement
More informationHemostasis Inflammatory Phase Proliferative/rebuilding Phase Maturation Phase
The presenters are staff members of the CHI Health St. Elizabeth Burn and Wound Center. Many of the products discussed are used in our current practice but we have no conflict of interest to disclose.
More informationWound culture. (Sampling methods) M. Rostami MSn.ICP Rajaei Heart Center
Wound culture (Sampling methods) M. Rostami MSn.ICP Rajaei Heart Center Infection is a major impairment in delayed and nonhealing chronic wounds. Cultures of chronic wounds are not routinely performed
More informationNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND CARE EXCELLENCE
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND CARE EXCELLENCE Medical technology guidance SCOPE Debrisoft for the debridement of acute and chronic wounds 1 Technology 1.1 Description of the technology The Debrisoft
More informationThe medicinal use of honey has been known since ancient
THE JOURNAL OF ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE Volume 13, Number 4, 2007, pp. 439 441 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. DOI: 10.1089/acm.2007.6366 Bactericidal Activity of Different Types of Honey Against
More informationThe Effect of Salivary Gland Extract of Lucillia Sericata Maggots on the Human Dermal Fibroblasts Proliferation
OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 11 (3): 96-100, 2011 ISSN 1608-4217 2011 L. Danisovic et al., This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 3.0 license The
More information