Our gut reactions to food or, gut reactions - to food
|
|
|
- Chad McBride
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Key concepts in Digestion. Our gut reactions to food or, gut reactions to food Prof. Barry Campbell Cellular & Molecular Physiology
2 Swallowing (deglutition) Phase I ORAL VOLUNTARY Phase II PHARYNGEAL INVOLUNTARY Phase III OESOPHAGEAL INVOLUNTARY Food bolus formed by mastication Tongue moves up and backwards Pharynx Soft palate rises Epiglottis closes Pharynx contracts UOS relaxes Pharynx UOS UOS contracts Bolus moved by peristalsis LOS relaxes Tactile/distention receptors BRAIN STEM UOS relaxes Oesophageal body Striated muscle Smooth muscle LOS
3 Entry of food into the stomach LOS = lower oesophageal sphincter Ach = acetylcholine VIP = vasoactive intestinal polypeptide NO = nitric oxide Vagal afferent fibre BRAIN STEM Crural diaphragm Ach Phrenic nerve VIF (VIP/NO) VEF (Ach) LOS pressure LOS Vagal efferent fibres
4 Regions of the stomach Pyloric sphincter Duodenum lower oesophageal sphincter Fundus Pacemaker zone peristaltic contractions Antrum muscular pump Corpus acidsecreting = retropulsion
5 How do we accommodate a large meal? Receptive relaxation of the body of the stomach (corpus) Vagal afferent fibre Satiety effects nodose ganglion + BRAIN STEM Vagal efferent fibres DISTENSION Ach VIP/NO Ach Ach Relaxation of corpus to accommodate food Ach = acetylcholine VIP = vasoactive intestinal polypeptide NO = nitric oxide
6 When have we had enough? CCK = cholecystokinin Lowers appetite & food intake Vagal afferent fibre Satiety effects nodose ganglion CCK receptors Satiety effects + BRAIN STEM Vagal efferent fibres CCK Ach Ach Relaxation of corpus VIP/NO Ach Fatty meals delay gastric emptying by releasing CCK from the duodenum
7 Gastric emptying Liquids empty more rapidly than solids Also. Fatrich, hypertonic and acidic meals, and meals with high viscosity all delay gastric emptying Rate of emptying is controlled by duodenum
8 THE GASTRIC MUCOSA Major cell types Functions FUNDUS surface epithelial mucus, HCO 3 CORPUS surface epithelial chief (zymogen) parietal enterochromaffinlike (ECL) gastric lipase mucus, HCO 3 pepsinogen HCl, intrinsic factor histamine ANTRUM surface epithelial chief (zymogen) Gcells Dcells mucus, HCO 3 pepsinogen gastrin somatostatin
9 Cells of the gastric (corpus) gland Gland lumen Surface epithelial cells protective role Proliferating cells H + Parietal cells secrete acid to lumen Enterochromaffinlike cell (ECL) secrete histamine Chief cells secrete pepsinogen to lumen
10 The acid(hcl)secreting parietal cell resting stimulated
11 Parietal cell transport processes for HCl secretion 1. Proton pump (H + /K + ATPase) 2. K + channel 3. Cl channel 4. Sodium pump 5. Cl /HCO 3 exchanger H + K + Cl Tubulovesicular system Apical Carbonic anhydrase * H 2 O + CO 2 H 2 CO 3 Cl K + 2. HCO 3 + H + Basolateral HCO 3 Na + K +
12 Gastric acid output Classical Phases of Gastric Acid Secretion Cephalic Thought, sight, smell, taste Ach, GRP (NEURAL) Ach histamine GRP Gastrin (PARACRINE) (ENDOCRINE) Time after feeding (hours)
13 Gastric acid output Classical Phases of Gastric Acid Secretion Cephalic Gastric Distension/Food in stomach Ach (NEURAL) Gastrin (ENDOCRINE) Ach histamine (PARACRINE) Gastrin histamine (PARACRINE) Time after feeding (hours)
14 Gastric acid output Classical Phases of Gastric Acid Secretion Cephalic Distension/Food in duodenum Ach (NEURAL) Gastrin (from duodenal G cells) (ENDOCRINE) Ach histamine (PARACRINE) Gastrin histamine (PARACRINE) Gastric Intestinal Time after feeding (hours)
15 Gastric acid output Classical Phases of Gastric Acid Secretion Cephalic Gastric Intestinal Time after feeding (hours)
16 THE CONTROL OF ACID SECRETION Gland lumen ECL cell H + Parietal cell Chief cell + histamine + + somatostatin GASTRIN Ach Stomach body (corpus): Dcell + noradrenaline, CCK, VIP & CGRP
17 Control of antral Gcell function Protein/peptides/ amino acids H Stomach (antrum) lumen Gcell Dcell Gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) + GASTRIN somatostatin circulation Stomach body (corpus): ECL cell/ parietal cell
18 Acid inhibitory therapy H + K + inhibitors Proton pump reflux oesophagitis heart burn H + /K + ATPase (the proton pump) Parietal cell Omeprazole (Losec/Nexium) Peptic ulcer Histamine H 2 receptor H 2 receptor antagonists Tagamet, Zantac, Pepcid AC
19 Helicobacter pylori A class 1 biological carcinogen (IARC, 1994) In antrum, associated with; somatostatin secretion gastrin (hypergastrinaemia) acid secretion duodenal and peptic ulcer disease In antrum and corpus, associated with Gastrin (hypergastrinaemia) acid secretion atrophic gastritis, gastric cancer
Overview of digestion or, gut reactions - to food
1 Key concepts in Digestion. Indigestion module Overview of digestion or, gut reactions to food Prof. Barry Campbell Gastroenterology Cellular & Molecular Physiology email: bjcampbl@liv.ac.uk http://pcwww.liv.ac.uk/~bjcampbl
Overview of digestion or, gut reactions - to food
Key concepts in Digestion. Indigestion module Overview of digestion or, gut reactions - to food Prof. Barry Campbell Gastroenterology Cellular & Molecular Physiology e-mail: bjcampbl@liv.ac.uk http://pcwww.liv.ac.uk/~bjcampbl
University of Buea. Faculty of Health Sciences. Programme in Medicine
Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Wednesday, 28 th January 2009 Time: 8 00-10 00 Programme in Medicine MED 303 (Gastrointestinal Physiology) EXAMS (2008-2009) Identify the letter of the choice
Why would fatty foods aggravate the patient s RUQ pain? What effect does cholecystokinin (CCK) have on gastric emptying?
CASE 28 A 43-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with the acute onset of abdominal pain. Her pain is located to the right upper quadrant (RUQ) and radiates to the right shoulder. She reports
Digestive System. - Food is ingested
11 V. Digestive Processes in the Mouth - Food is ingested - Mechanical digestion begins (chewing) - Salivary amylase begins chemical breakdown of starch - Propulsion is initiated by Deglutition (Swallowing)
Soft palate elevates, closing off the nasopharynx. Hard palate Tongue Bolus Epiglottis. Glottis Larynx moves up and forward.
The Cephalic Phase Chemical and mechanical digestion begins in the mouth Saliva is an exocrine secretion Salivary secretion is under autonomic control Softens and lubricates food Chemical digestion: salivary
Gastrointestinal Physiology
Gastrointestinal Physiology Digestion and Absorption Definition Digestion: i Food dis dissolved d and broken down. Physical digestion: Propulsion and mixing of food by muscle in the alimentary tract. Chemical
GI Secretion 1: Salivary and Gastric Secretion Jack Grider, Ph.D.
GI Secretion 1: Salivary and Gastric Secretion Jack Grider, Ph.D. OBJECTIVES: 1. List the volumes of secretion by various regions. 2. Predict the components of salivary secretion at different flow rates.
Overview of digestion
Key concepts in Digestion. Overview of digestion introduction to the GI system Prof. Barry Campbell Cellular & Molecular Physiology e-mail: bjcampbl@liv.ac.uk http://pcwww.liv.ac.uk/~bjcampbl DIGESTION
Overview of Gastroenterology
Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology HST.121: Gastroenterology, Fall 2005 Instructors: Dr. Jonathan Glickman Overview of Gastroenterology Gastroenterology Made Really Simple! Food Waste
Gastric and Intestinal secretion
Gastric and Intestinal secretion OBJECTIVES: 1. Describe the various types of gastric cells and the secretion of each cell type. 2. Mention the components of gastric juice and the function of each component.
THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM TYPES OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEMS Ingested food may be stored or first subjected to physical fragmentation Chemical digestion occurs next Hydrolysis reactions liberate the subunit molecules
Chapter 20 The Digestive System Exam Study Questions
Chapter 20 The Digestive System Exam Study Questions 20.1 Overview of GI Processes 1. Describe the functions of digestive system. 2. List and define the four GI Processes: 20.2 Functional Anatomy of the
Digestive System Module 4: The Stomach *
OpenStax-CNX module: m49286 1 Digestive System Module 4: The * Donna Browne Based on The by OpenStax This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0
Section Coordinator: Jerome W. Breslin, PhD, Assistant Professor of Physiology, MEB 7208, ,
IDP Biological Systems Gastrointestinal System Section Coordinator: Jerome W. Breslin, PhD, Assistant Professor of Physiology, MEB 7208, 504-568-2669, jbresl@lsuhsc.edu Overall Learning Objectives 1. Characterize
For more information about how to cite these materials visit
Author: John Williams, M.D., Ph.D., 2009 License: Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike 3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Urinary system. Kidney anatomy Renal cortex Renal. Nephrons
Urinary system Aids homeostasis by removing cellular wastes and foreign compounds, and maintains salt and water balance of plasma Kidney anatomy Renal cortex Renal pelvis Renal medulla Cortex Ureter Medulla
INTRODUCTION TO GASTROINTESTINAL FUNCTIONS
1 INTRODUCTION TO GASTROINTESTINAL FUNCTIONS 2 Learning outcomes List two main components that make up the digestive system Describe the 6 essential functions of the GIT List factors (neurological, hormonal
Lab 5 Digestion and Hormones of Digestion. 7/16/2015 MDufilho 1
Lab 5 Digestion and Hormones of Digestion 1 Figure 23.1 Alimentary canal and related accessory digestive organs. Mouth (oral cavity) Tongue* Parotid gland Sublingual gland Submandibular gland Salivary
In this chapter we will study gastrointestinal (GI)
Chapter 28 The astric Phase of the Integrated Response to a Meal 1 CHAPTER 28 The astric Phase of the Integrated Response to a Meal In this chapter we will study gastrointestinal (I) tract physiology when
Module 2 Heartburn Glossary
Absorption Antacids Antibiotic Module 2 Heartburn Glossary Barrett s oesophagus Bloating Body mass index Burping Chief cells Colon Digestion Endoscopy Enteroendocrine cells Epiglottis Epithelium Absorption
KK College of Nursing Peptic Ulcer Badil D ass Dass, Lecturer 25th July, 2011
KK College of Nursing Peptic Ulcer Badil Dass, Lecturer 25 th July, 2011 Objectives: By the end of this lecture, the students t will be able to: Define peptic pp ulcer Describe the etiology and pathology
Gastrointestinal Anatomy and Physiology. Bio 219 Napa Valley College Dr. Adam Ross
Gastrointestinal Anatomy and Physiology Bio 219 Napa Valley College Dr. Adam Ross Functions of digestive system Digestion Breakdown of food (chemically) using enzymes, acid, and water Absorption Nutrients,
GI Pharmacology. Dr. Alia Shatanawi 5/4/2018
GI Pharmacology Dr. Alia Shatanawi 5/4/2018 Drugs Used in Gastrointestinal Diseases Drugs used in Peptic Ulcer Diseases. Drugs Stimulating Gastrointestinal Motility &Laxatives. Antidiarrheal Agents. Drugs
Week 12 - Outline. Outline. Digestive System I Major Organs. Overview of Digestive System
Outline Week 12 - Digestive System I Major Organs Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Digestive Tract Function GI Tract Structure Regulation of the
The Stomach. Bởi: OpenStaxCollege
Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Although a minimal amount of carbohydrate digestion occurs in the mouth, chemical digestion really gets underway in the stomach. An expansion of the alimentary canal that lies immediately
Asma Karameh. -Shatha Al-Jaberi محمد خطاطبة -
-2 Asma Karameh -Shatha Al-Jaberi محمد خطاطبة - 1 P a g e Gastrointestinal motilities Chewing: once you introduce the first bolus to the mouth you started what we call chewing reflex appears by muscle
Chapter 26 The Digestive System
Chapter 26 The Digestive System Digestive System Gastroenterology is the study of the stomach and intestine. Digestion Catabolism Absorption Anabolism The actions of the digestive system are controlled
Chapter 20 The Digestive System Exam Study Questions
Chapter 20 The Digestive System Exam Study Questions 20.1 Overview of GI Processes 1. Describe the functions of digestive system. 2. List and define the four GI Processes: 20.2 Functional Anatomy of the
What part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is composed of striated muscle and smooth muscle?
CASE 29 A 34-year-old man presents to his primary care physician with the complaint of increased difficulty swallowing both solid and liquid foods. He notices that he sometimes has more difficulty when
The physiology of gastrointestinal system 3.
The physiology of gastrointestinal system 3. Stomach, pancreas, bile Dr. Gabriella Kékesi The mechanism and regulation of gastric juice secretion (Lo.) 64. Secretory cells in stomach Composition and role
Stomach. Stomach. Nerve supply. Blood supply. Sympathe0c and parasympathe0c fibers of the autonomic nervous system
Stomach Nerve supply Sympathe0c and parasympathe0c fibers of the autonomic nervous system Blood supply Celiac trunk, and corresponding veins (part of the hepa0c portal system) Stomach Figure 23.14a Chapter
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ALIMENTARY CANAL / GI TRACT & ACCESSORY ORGANS. Mar 16 10:34 PM
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ALIMENTARY CANAL / GI TRACT & ACCESSORY ORGANS Mar 16 10:34 PM 1 I. Digestive System Functions > Ingestion the taking in of food > Propulsion movement caused by force > Digestion breakdown
Introduction to Gastrointestinal Physiology and GI Hormones Jack Grider, Ph.D
Introduction to Gastrointestinal Physiology and GI Hormones Jack Grider, Ph.D OBJECTIVES: 1. Describe the general organization of the gut. 2. Identify the levels of neural control and describe the interaction
January 07, ANIMALS Digestive System Stomach.notebook. The Stomach. (cardiac sphincter) bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb
(cardiac sphincter) bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb 1 Location: thoracic cavity Physical description: a "J" shaped organ with muscular walls lined with folds it is the widest part of the digestive tract has 2 muscular
5. Which component of the duodenal contents entering the stomach causes the most severe changes to gastric mucosa:
Gastro-intestinal disorders 1. Which are the most common causes of chronic gastritis? 1. Toxic substances 2. Chronic stress 3. Alimentary factors 4. Endogenous noxious stimuli 5. Genetic factors 2. Chronic
Types of Digestive Systems. Types of Digestive Systems. Types of Digestive Systems. Types of Digestive Systems. The Digestive System
The Digestive System Chapter 48 Types of Digestive Systems Heterotrophs are divided into three groups based on their food sources -Herbivores are animals that eat plants exclusively -Carnivores are animals
Two main groups Alimentary canal continuous coiled hollow tube Accessory digestive organs
Digestion Breakdown of ingested food Absorption of nutrients into the blood Metabolism Production of cellular energy (ATP) Constructive and degradative cellular activities Two main groups Alimentary canal
The physiology of gastrointestinal system 3.
The physiology of gastrointestinal system 3. Stomach, pancreas, bile LO.: 64,65,66 Prof. Gyula Sáry While studying functions of the gastrointestinal system, Pavlov described the conditional response, a
For more information about how to cite these materials visit
Author: John Williams, M.D., Ph.D., 2009 License: Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike 3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
For more information about how to cite these materials visit
Author: John Williams, M.D., Ph.D., 2009 License: Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike 3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
GASTROINTESTINAL PHYSIOLOGY PHYSIOLOGY DEPARTMENT KAMPALA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY DAR ES SALAAM TANZANIA
GASTROINTESTINAL PHYSIOLOGY PHYSIOLOGY DEPARTMENT KAMPALA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY DAR ES SALAAM TANZANIA Anatomy of the GI Tract The GI tract is essentially a hollow tube connecting the mouth to the anus.
MCAT Biology Problem Drill 20: The Digestive System
MCAT Biology Problem Drill 20: The Digestive System Question No. 1 of 10 Question 1. During the oral phase of swallowing,. Question #01 A. Initially, the food bolus is moved to the back of the tongue and
Peptic Ulcer Disease: Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
GASTROINTESTINAL PHYSIOLOGY 235 Case 41 Peptic Ulcer Disease: Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome Abe Rosenfeld, who is 47 years old, owns a house painting business with his brothers. The brothers pride themselves
The Digestive System. Part B. From the mouth, the oro- and laryngopharynx allow passage of: Lined with stratified squamous epithelium and mucus glands
PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by Vince Austin, University of Kentucky The Digestive System Part B 23 Pharynx From the mouth, the oro- and laryngopharynx allow passage of: Food and fluids to the esophagus
Includes mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus. Salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
Chapter 14 The Digestive System and Nutrition Digestive System Brings Nutrients Into the Body The digestive system includes Gastrointestinal (GI) tract (hollow tube) Lumen: space within this tube Includes
(b) Stomach s function 1. Dilution of food materials 2. Acidification of food (absorption of dietary Fe in small intestine) 3. Partial chemical digest
(1) General features a) Stomach is widened portion of gut-tube: between tubular and spherical; Note arranged of smooth muscle tissue in muscularis externa. 1 (b) Stomach s function 1. Dilution of food
Physiological processes in the GI tract:
Gastrointestinal physiology for medical students General principal of gastrointestinal function Motility, nervous control and blood circulation Physiological processes in the GI tract: Motility Secretion
Digestive System Processes
Unit 7 Digestive System Processes ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY Processes of the Digestive System Ingestion- getting food into the mouth Propulsion- moving foods through the digestive system
The Digestive System. Basic process of digestion. Mouth and Teeth 10/30/2016
The Digestive System Basic process of digestion 1. Ingestion: animal eats food. 2. Digestion: animal body breaks food down. Mechanical digestion: chewing (mastication). Chemical digestion: enzymes and
Chapter 20 The Gastrointestinal System
Chapter 20 The Gastrointestinal System Overview of GI Processes Functional Anatomy Digestion and Absorption General Principle of GI Regulation GI Secretion and Regulation GI Motility and its Regulation
Chapter 02 The Digestive System Mechanism for Nourishing the Body
Chapter 02 The Digestive System Mechanism for Nourishing the Body MULTICHOICE 1. Within the lamina propria, lying just below the epithelium, is the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), which. (A)
Gastrointestinal Physiology. Secretion
Gastrointestinal Physiology Secretion Fig. 24.26 Functions Provided by secretory glands which serve 2 functions: - Digestive enzymes. - Lubrication and protection of the mucosa. Types of secretory structures
Nutrition. Autotrophs. plants, some protists & bacteria producers
Nutrition Autotrophs plants, some protists & bacteria producers Nutrition Heterotrophs animals, fungi, some protists & bacteria consumers Animal Nutrition Most obtain food by ingestion take in their food
Gastrointestinal physiology II.
Gastrointestinal physiology II. 62. Functions of the upper GI tract: chewing, salivation, swallowing. 63. Motor functions of the stomach. Vomiting (emesis). 1 Motor functions of the mouth and the oral
,. 1\)... ubj«pcl: Doclo1: M. Khatatbeh Handout # 1 8/4/ Gastreintestinal System. Lecture#: 1. Gastrointestinal Physiology
Lecture#: 1 Mc:di
Propulsion and mixing of food in the alimentary tract Chapter 63
Propulsion and mixing of food in the alimentary tract Chapter 63 Types of GI movements: Propulsive movement-peristalsis Propulsion: controlled movement of ingested foods, liquids, GI secretions, and sloughed
PHYSIOLOGY OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Student Name CHAPTER 26 PHYSIOLOGY OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM D igestion is the process of breaking down complex nutrients into simpler units suitable for absorption. It involves two major processes: mechanical
Understandings, Applications & Skills
D.2 Digestion Understandings, Applications & Skills Statement D.2.U1 Nervous and hormonal mechanisms control the secretion of digestive juices. D.2.U2 Exocrine glands secrete to the surface of the body
Physiology Unit 4 DIGESTIVE PHYSIOLOGY
Physiology Unit 4 DIGESTIVE PHYSIOLOGY In Physiology Today Functions Motility Ingestion Mastication Deglutition Peristalsis Secretion 7 liters/day! Exocrine/endocrine Digestion Absorption Digestion of
The presence of HCl in the stomach by W. Prout in secretagogues and anti-ulcer efficacy
74).20;51/;),20)4)+/; ##$"#%#! MMMFFH=MF 4ALEAM=HJE?A 5674-2+674-6*4951! 9674-992)91.4-48-5),04-56*)+6-41)160-56)+0 *-241-.4)+01-8--651/)564/;,741/ )56+-674;,AF=HJAJB+EE?=2DOIECO=CEAE=7ELAHIEJO+ACABA@E?EA+H=?M
Sunday 29th January. Day 1: The Digestive Tract. From Anatomy to Treatment. A Nutritional Approach MPS.
Sunday 29th January Day 1: The Digestive Tract From Anatomy to Treatment A Nutritional Approach MPS www.osteopathicea.com mike@osteopathicea.com AKA Digestive Tract, Alimentary Canal, Enteron, or Gut Body
Notes on Digestive System by Qasim Page 1
Digestion INTRODUCTION... 5 Function of Digestive System... 5 Parts of Digestive System... 5 Parts of Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT)... 5 Accessory Organs of Digestive System... 5 Blood Supply... 6 Wall
Digestion and absorption (I)
Digestion and absorption (I) Jane Chao 1 Gastrointestinal tract upper gastrointestinal tract mouth pharynx esophagus stomach lower gastrointestinal tract small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) cecum
Human Biology. Digestive System
Human Biology Digestive System Digestion - Defined Prepares food for use by all body cells The physical and/or chemical breakdown of food Did you know: the average person eats more than 500kg of food per
Biology 12 - The Digestive System - Chapter Notes
Biology 12 - The Digestive System - Chapter Notes In a nutshell... The body uses a variety of small molecules (amino acids, fatty acids, glucose) for its metabolic needs. Food is mechanically and chemically
Chapter 15 Gastrointestinal Tract Fluid Professor A. S. Alhomida
Disclaimer The texts, tables, figures and images contained in this course presentation (BCH 376) are not my own, they can be found on: References supplied Atlases or The web King Saud University College
Bio& 242 Unit 1 / Lecture 4
Bio& 242 Unit 1 / Lecture 4 system: Gastric hormones GASTRIN: Secretion: By enteroendocrine (G) in gastric pits of the mucosa. Stimulus: Stomach distention and acid ph of chyme causes Gastrin. Action:
An overview of the digestive system. mouth pharynx esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine rectum anus
An overview of the digestive system mouth pharynx esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine rectum anus Why GIT? What are the main steps in the digestive process? Ingestion intake of food via the
Gastrointestinal Motility 2: Intestinal and Colonic Motility Jack Grider, Ph.D.
Gastrointestinal Motility 2: Intestinal and Colonic Motility Jack Grider, Ph.D. OBJECTIVES: 1. Contrast the types of motility in the small intestine. 2. Describe the neural circuits that mediate peristalsis.
Chapter 24, Part 1! The Digestive System!
Chapter 24, Part 1! The Digestive System! SECTION 24-1! The digestive system, consisting of the digestive tract and accessory organs, has overlapping food utilization functions! 2 1! Functions! 1. Ingestion!
Energy, Chemical Reactions and Enzymes
Phosphorylation Hydrolysis Energy, Chemical Reactions and Enzymes Chapter 2 (selections) What is Energy? Energy is the capacity to do work Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Chemical Bond Energy Like a rechargeable
A deep groove encircles the body of the circumvallate papilla. Serous (von Ebner s) glands (serous) drain into the base of this groove.
By Dr. Raja Ali A deep groove encircles the body of the circumvallate papilla. Serous (von Ebner s) glands (serous) drain into the base of this groove. The flow of fluid from these glands serves to wash
Ali Yaghi. Yaseen Fatayer. M.Khatatbeh
6 Ali Yaghi Yaseen Fatayer M.Khatatbeh P a g e 1 pancreatic secretions note: The pancreas has endocrine (secretions are released toward the blood) and exocrine(secretions are released through the canalicular
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM CLASS NOTES. tube along with several
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM CLASS NOTES Digestion Breakdown of food and the of nutrients in the bloodstream. Metabolism Production of for and cellular activities. The digestive system is composed of the canal which
This drop in turn initiates a stretch reflex of the jaw muscles that leads to rebound. contractionارتذاد
Ingestion of food: The amount of food that a person ingests is determined principally by an intrinsic desire for food called hunger. The type of food that a person preferentially تفضيل seeks isبحث determined
DIGESTIVE PHYSIOLOGY
DIGESTIVE PHYSIOLOGY GASTROINTESTINAL PHYSIOLOGY Ingested foodstuff contributes to an increase in the overall weight of the animal, but does not become an integral part of the structure or metabolic activities
UPPER GI DISEASES 11/15/2014. Lesson Objectives. GI Tract Review. NUTR 2050 Nutrition for Nursing Professionals. Mrs. Deborah A. Hutcheon, MS, RD, LD
UPPER GI DISEASES NUTR 2050 Nutrition for Nursing Professionals Mrs. Deborah A. Hutcheon, MS, RD, LD Lesson Objectives At the end of the lesson, the student will be able to: 1. Describe causes and contributing
Quick Summary: GastroIntestinal Tract
Mammlian Physiology 2 Page 1 Quick Summary: GastroIntestinal Tract Saturday, April 16, 2011 09:56 Notes by Yingzhou Edward Pan Overall Principles The idea of all physiological systems is to keep the body's
-Mohammad Ashraf. -Anas Raed. -Alia Shatnawi. 1 P a g e
-1 -Mohammad Ashraf -Anas Raed -Alia Shatnawi 1 P a g e Dr. Alia started the lecture by talking about subjects we are going to cover through this course; you can refer to the record if you are interested.
Physiology of Digestion
Physiology of Digestion 1 I. Overview of Digestive System A. Structures of Digestive System 1. alimentary canal (gastrointestinal [GI] tract) a. digestion - break down molecules b. absorption - move into
1. GASTROINTESTINAL PHYSIOLOGY
1. GASTROINTESTINAL PHYSIOLOGY FOOD INGESTION Ingested foodstuff contributes to an increase in the overall weight of the animal, but does not become an integral part of the structure or metabolic activities
Chapter 8: Digestion. Structure and Functions of Digestive Organs Macronutrients Digestive Enzymes
Chapter 8: Digestion Structure and Functions of Digestive Organs Macronutrients Digestive Enzymes What organisms need Digestion? Heterotrophs - rely on ingestion of organic molecules for production of
Digestive System. Digestive System. Digestion is the process of reducing food to small molecules that can be absorbed into the body.
Digestive System Digestion is the process of reducing food to small molecules that can be absorbed into the body. 2 Types of Digestion Mechanical digestion physical breakdown of food into small particles
2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system Essential questions
2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system Essential questions What are the functions of the digestive system? How do the functions of chemical and physical digestion interrelate?
* Produces various chemicals to break. down the food. * Filters out harmful substances * Gets rid of solid wastes
* * Produces various chemicals to break down the food * Filters out harmful substances * Gets rid of solid wastes * *Mouth *Pharynx *Oesophagus *Stomach *Small and large intestines * *Changes the physical
e. Undigested material is compacted and stored until the colon is full. When the colon is full, a signal to empty it is sent by sensors in the walls
Digestive System 1. General a. Animals obtain energy by breaking food molecules into smaller pieces. b. The basic fuel molecules are amino acids, lipids and sugars c. Digestion is the chemical breakdown
Digestive system L 2. Lecturer Dr. Firdous M. Jaafar Department of Anatomy/Histology section
Digestive system L 2 Lecturer Dr. Firdous M. Jaafar Department of Anatomy/Histology section objectives 1-Describe the general structure of digestive tract: a-mucosa. b-submucosa. c-muscularis externa d-adventitia
Summary break down long chain proteins, polysaccharides and nucleic acids into monomers recall hydrolysis (opposite of dehydration synthesis) (hydro-w
Summary break down long chain proteins, polysaccharides and nucleic acids into monomers recall hydrolysis (opposite of dehydration synthesis) (hydro-water lysis-break apart) if not broken down, proteins
1-It is to prevent back flow of fecal content from colon into small intestine.
Function of the ileocecal valve: 1-It is to prevent back flow of fecal content from colon into small intestine. 2-The wall of the ileum for several centimeters preceding valve has a thickened muscular
The Digestive System and Body Metabolism
14 PART C The Digestive System and Body Metabolism PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB
Digestive System Notes. Biology - Mrs. Kaye
Digestive System Notes Biology - Mrs. Kaye Digestion There are two kinds of digestion: Mechanical digestion - the physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces to increase surface area for more enzyme
ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OBJECTIVES: 1. List and describe the major activities of the digestive system. 2. Identify and give the functions of the organs in and along the digestive tract. MAJOR ACTIVITIES
The Digestive System. Prepares food for use by all body cells.
The Digestive System Prepares food for use by all body cells. Digestion The chemical breakdown of complex biological molecules into their component parts. Lipids to fatty acids Proteins to individual amino
A. Incorrect! Histamine is a secretagogue for stomach acid, but this is not the only correct answer.
Pharmacology - Problem Drill 21: Drugs Used To Treat GI Disorders No. 1 of 10 1. Endogenous secretagogues for stomach acid include: #01 (A) Histamine (B) Gastrin (C) PGE1 (D) A and B (E) A, B and C Histamine
OPERATIVE TREATMENT OF ULCER DISEASE
Página 1 de 8 Copyright 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Greenfield, Lazar J., Mulholland, Michael W., Oldham, Keith T., Zelenock, Gerald B., Lillemoe, Keith D. Surgery: Scientific Principles & Practice,
Gastrointestinal Physiology
190 Board Review Series: Physiology chapter 6 Gastrointestinal Physiology I. STRUCTURE AND INNERVATION OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT A. Structure of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract (Figure 6-1) 1. Epithelial
2. SECRETIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT
2. SECRETIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT SECRETORY GLANDS AND CELLS The alimentary tract produces a large variety and quantity of substances which contribute to digesting the food, and protecting and regulating